214,622 research outputs found
Letter from Abe Fortas, Secretary of the Interior, to Wayne M. Collins, October 21, 1944
No full textLetter from Abe Fortas to Wayne M. Collins: "My dear Mr. Collins: There is enclosed a certified copy of a letter which has been sent to the Solicitor General with respect to the application of Mitsuye Endo for a writ of habeas corpus in the United States Supreme Court, October Term 1944, No. 70." Attached to chs_ms3580_0211.The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case Ex parte Mitsuye Endo (1944), in which the United States Supreme court unanimously ruled that the federal government could not indefinitely detain United States citizens who were loyal to the government. Files include documents related to the Gordon Hirabayashi Supreme Court case Hirabayashi v. United States
United States Senator Henry M. ""Scoop"" Jackson, photograph, October 1975
No full textThis black and white photograph of Washington State Senator Henry M. "Scoop" Jackson (1912-1983) has a handwritten message to Abe J. Levine. It reads: ""To Abe J. Levine with thanks for his help, Scoop, Oct. '75."
Three Cheers For Abe & Andy
No full text80.7568.1174 – “Three Cheers For Abe & Andy”: Chas. B. Brigham: H. M. Higgins: 1864: SATB
PMP2/FABP8 induces PI(4,5)P2-dependent transbilayer reorganization of sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane. Abe et al.
No full textRaw and analyzed data files related to Abe et al., Cell Report
Geometric complementarity in assembly and guest recognition of a bent heteroleptic cis-[Pd₂LA₂LB₂] coordination cage
No full textDue to the inherent difficulties in achieving a defined and exclusive formation of multicomponent assemblies against entropic predisposition, we present the rational assembly of a heteroleptic [Pd2LA2LB2]4+ coordination cage achieved through the geometric complementarity of two carefully designed ligands, LA and LB. With Pd(II) cations as rigid nodes, the pure distinctly angular components readily form homoleptic cages, a [Pd2LA4]4+ strained helical assembly and a [Pd4LB8]8+ box-like structure, both of which were characterized by X-ray analysis. Combined, however, the two ligands could be used to cleanly assemble a cis-[Pd2LA2LB2]4+ cage with a bent architecture. The same self-sorted product was also obtained by a quantitative cage-to-cage transformation upon mixing of the two homoleptic cages revealing the [Pd2LA2LB2]4+ assembly as the thermodynamic minimum. The structure of the heteroleptic cage was examined by ESI-MS, COSY, DOSY, and NOESY methods, the latter of which pointed toward a cis-conformation of ligands in the assembly. Indeed, DFT calculations revealed that the angular ligands and strict Pd(II) geometry strongly favor the cis-[Pd2LA2LB2]4+ species. The robust nature of the cis-[Pd2LA2LB2]4+ cage allowed us to probe the accessibility of its cavity, which could be utilized for shape recognition toward stereoisomeric guests. The ability to directly combine two different backbones in a controlled manner provides a powerful strategy for increasing complexity in the family of [Pd2L4] cages and opens up possibilities of introducing multiple functionalities into a single self-assembled architecture.Witold M. Bloch, Yoko Abe, Julian J. Holstein, Claudia M. Wandtke, Birger Dittrich and Guido H. Cleve
Conditioning of SO2-ethanol-water (SEW) spent liquor from lignocellulosics for ABE fermentation to biofuels and chemicals
No full textThis thesis introduces a biorefinery process to fractionate lignocellulosics followed by treatment of the produced hydrolysate for microbial fermentation to acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE). The process utilizes SO2-Ethanol-Water (SEW) fractionation technology and a ‘conditioning’ protocol to treat SEW spent liquor for ABE fermentation by Clostridia bacteria.
It is found that SEW fractionation of spruce chips, mixed softwood biomass and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) at conditions of 12% SO2 in 55 v/v% ethanol-water, liquor-to-feedstock (L/F) ratio of 3 L kg-1, 150°C, 30 min, is suitable for industrial scale application. SEW fractionation is followed by pulp washing and ‘conditioning’ to detoxify the spent liquor and to increase its monosugars content. The ‘conditioning’ scheme in its basic form comprises of the consecutive steps of vacuum evaporation, steam stripping, liming and catalytic oxidation.
‘Conditioning’ successfully removes most ABE fermentation inhibitors for Clostridia. It also allows almost total recovery of the cooking chemicals (ethanol and SO2) leading to an economical and environmentally benign process. Levels of residual inhibitory dissolved lignin in the final conditioned liquors correspond to only about 10% of the original lignin in the respective feedstocks. However, these levels are still too high for microbial ABE fermentation and therefore additional treatment with anion exchange resins followed by 4-fold dilution is employed before ABE fermentation to reach dissolved lignin levels of approximately 1 g L-1 (tolerance limit for Clostridia). All the different feedstock-based hydrolysates that are produced after ‘conditioning’ are fermentable by Clostridia and ABE solvents (mostly butanol) are produced at satisfactory total concentration and yield.
Hydrolysis of OPEFB fibers in particular is impaired (compared to spruce) due to their high ash/alkali metals content. Acidic leaching of this feedstock did not remove sufficient amounts of metal cations leading to only marginally improved hydrolysis. However, it is possible to improve hydrolysis of this feedstock by adding inorganic acids (nitric, phosphoric) in the fresh fractionation liquor at a level to provide the required nutrients for Clostridia.
Finally, it is demonstrated that by introducing some small modifications to the basic SEW spent liquor ‘conditioning’ scheme and by performing nanofiltration instead of resins treatment it is possible to reach lower dissolved lignin levels (below 1 g L-1 upon 4-fold dilution) in the feed liquor for fermentation. Furthermore, it is possible to significantly improve the production of solvents and ABE fermentation yield; total solvents concentration increases from 7 to 11 g L-1, yield increases from 0.26 to 0.30 g g-1 sugars
Development of a process for n-butanol recovery from ABE wastewater streams by membrane technology
No full textThe aceton-butyl-ethanolic fermentation process (ABE) is a biotechnological process that leads to the production of acetone, n-butanol and ethanol (ABE compounds) from glucose sources and amides by use of certain biomasses. The process was developed initially during the middle of the last century and suffers from decline due to the greater petrochemical production of products and the lowering of the costs of the sector. Nowadays, the ABE process is regaining great interest because the fraction with the highest concentration, i.e. n-butanol, is an excellent constituent for biofuels. The ABE process has been optimized over time to obtain maximum yields of n-butanol, but the problem of separating and concentrating the butanol in the outlet stream of the ABE process persists. To allow an adequate use, often distillation by use of more columns is required. Moreover, the contained biomasses and suspended solids, in high quantity, must be eliminated, leading to overall high treatment costs. This work will report the main idea and some preliminary experimental results for the development and application of a process based on membrane technologies, to separate and concentrate the butanol from ABE process streams to sensibly reduce the difficulty to perform a final distillation. The proposed treatment process is composed by ultrafiltration, pervaporation, nanofiltration and a final mixing/demixing operation. Attention was paid to the productivity, selectivity and longevity of the used membranes. The optimization of these three parameters is essential to achieve a level of reliability and feasibility of the proposed process, in particular the avoidance of membrane fouling
Diskurso galia: Abe-Park ir Abe-Moon administracijų atvejis formuojant Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos santykius
No full textThis is a comparative case study in Japan-South Korea relations of two different administrations, Abe-Park and Abe-Moon within the timeframe of 2013-2020. The main purpose of this thesis is to examine how have the Japan-South Korea relations been discursively shaped by their leaders and what is the correlation between their discourse and the negative impact in Japan-South Korea relations under Shinzo Abe and Moon Jae-in. Theoretically it uses Alexander Wendt’s social constructivism theory in International Relations.
Document and literature review is mainly used in the first two chapters of the paper, while qualitative discourse analysis and comparative analysis are used in the third chapter.
Paper consists of table of contents, summary in English and Lithuanian, introduction, three main parts, conclusions, bibliography and annex.
The first chapter introduces main principles of social constructivism in International Relations, as well as its methodological framework, and critique.
The second chapter is contextual case background. It consists of four subchapters: historical issues and collective memory, other mutual issues between Japan and South Korea, their relations overview within the study’s timeframe 2013-2020, and joint public opinion poll review.
The third chapter presents empirical research’s methodology, analysis part, and results. Critical discourse analysis is carried out to first compare Abe-Park and Abe-Moon discursive practices on mutual perception. Then identified discursive patterns are compared in the last subchapter in order to look for possible correlation links between them and the negative shift in Japan-South Korea relations under Shinzo Abe and Moon Jae-in.
Analysis results show that three of the discursive practice patterns could be possibly attributed to the negative shift of Japan-South Korea relations under Abe and Moon. The first one is the production of discursive practices itself. The second pattern is the mismatch between Moon’s discursive and social practices – it does not match. The third pattern is the way Abe and Moon constructed state identities. Lastly, one of the social practices could also be attributed to the reasons, that is the different leader perception of North Korea.Tai yra lyginamasis dviejų skirtingų administracijų – „Abe-Park“ ir „Abe-Moon“, Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos santykių tyrimas 2013–2020 m. laikotarpiu. Pagrindinis šios tyrimo tikslas yra ištirti, kaip Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos santykius diskursyviai formavo jų lyderiai bei kokia koreliacija tarp lyderių disurso ir santykių pablogėjimo Shinzo Abe ir Moon Jae-in valdymo laikotarpiu. Darbe naudojama Alexander Wendt socialinio konstruktyvizmo teorija tarptautiniuose santykiuose.
Dokumentų ir literatūros apžvalga daugiausia naudojama pirmuose dviejuose darbo skyriuose, o trečiajame skyriuje atliekama kokybinė diskurso analizė ir lyginamoji analizė.
Darbą sudaro turinys, santrauka anglų ir lietuvių kalbomis, įvadas, trys pagrindinės dalys, išvados, bibliografija ir priedas.
Pirmajame skyriuje pristatomi pagrindiniai socialinio konstruktyvizmo principai tarptautiniuose santykiuose, jo metodologiniai rėmai ir kritika.
Antrame skyriuje pristatoma kontekstinė darbo temos informacija. Ją sudaro keturi poskyriai: istorinis kontekstas ir kolektyvinė atmintis, kitos bendros problemos tarp Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos, jų santykių apžvalga darbo atvejo laikotarpiu 2013–2020 bei Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos visuomenės nuomonės apklausų apžvalga.
Trečiajame skyriuje pateikiama empirinio tyrimo metodika, analizės dalis ir rezultatai. Atliekama kritinė diskurso analizė, pirmiausia yra lyginama Abe-Parko ir Abe-M
oono diskursyviosios praktikos tarpusavio bendravime, Paskutiniame poskyryje palyginami nustatyti diskursiniai modeliai, siekiant ieškoti galimų sąsajų tarp jų bei neigiamo Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos santykių poslinkio valdant Abe ir Moon.
Analizės rezultatai rodo, kad trys diskursyvios praktikos modeliai galėjo būti siejami su neigiamu Japonijos ir Pietų Korėjos santykių poslinkiu Abe ir Moon valdymo laikotarpiu. Pirmoji yra pats diskursyvių praktikų atkartojimas. Antrasis modelis yra Moon diskursyviosios ir socialinės praktikos neatitikimas, jos nesutampa. Trečiasis modelis yra Abe ir Moon nacionalinio identiteto konstravimo būdai. Galiausiai, viena iš socialinių praktikų taip pat gali būti siejama su priežastimis, tai yra skirtingas Šiaurės Korėjos lyderio suvokimas.Kultūrų studijų katedra / Department of Cultural StudiesHumanitarinių mokslų fakultetas / Faculty of HumanitiesVytauto Didžiojo universitetas / Vytautas Magnus Universit
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