8 research outputs found
Wasiat Dan wisayah: analisis perbandingan dalam perancangan harta pusaka Muslim = Will And wisayah: an analitical study In Muslim estate planning
No full textWill and Islamic entrustment (wisayah)are part of the instruments of estate planning in Islam. The implementation of will has been widely discussed among scholars and applied in the Malaysian estate planning industry. In contrast, the trust instrument is not given enough attention and is not discussed in detail as the will. Whereas, trust has its mechanism and had been debated in earlier classical fiqh books. Therefore, this article will discuss the similarities and differences between will and Islamic entrustment related to the implementationof estate planning in Malaysia. The author uses a qualitative approach by analyzing the content of fiqh books, journal articles, proceedings, civil law statutes and the Islamic Family Law Enactment (IFLA). This study will focus on the implementation of will and islamic entrustment in Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB) to better understand both of the concepts. The finding shows that will and Islamic entrustment have some similarities and differences. Both of these instruments have their significance in resolving issues that arise in estate planning.
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Wasiat dan wisayahadalah sebagai instrumen perancangan harta pusaka dalam Islam. Pelaksanaan wasiat banyak dibincangkan dalam kalangan para sarjana dan diaplikasikan dalam industri perancangan harta pusaka di Malaysia. Berbeza pula dengan instrumen wisayah, perkara ini tidak diberi perhatian sewajarnya dan masih kurang dibincangkan secara terperinci seperti mana wasiat. Sedangkan wisayahmempunyai mekanisme tersendiri dan turut dibahaskan dalam kitab-kitab fiqh klasik terdahulu. Justeru, artikel ini akan membincangkan persamaan dan perbezaan wasiat dan wisayahyang berkait rapat dengan pelaksanaan perancangan harta pusaka di Malaysia. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis kandungan dari kitab-kitab fiqh, artikel jurnal, prosiding, statut undang-undangsivil dan Enakmen Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam. Melalui kajian terdahulu yang telah dijalankan, kajian ini akan memberi fokus kepada pelaksanaan wasiat dan wisayahdi Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB) untuk memahami konsep kedua-dua instrumen ini dengan lebih jelas. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa wasiat dan wisayahmempunyai beberapa persamaan seperti melibatkan pelantikan wasi, tujuan pensyariatan, pembatalan dan penamatan akad, dan hubungkait kedua-duanya dengan undang-undang sivil. Manakala dari sudut perbezaan adalah pada rukun dan syarat, penjagaan terhadap kanak-kanak bawah umur, pemberian harta amanah dengan kadar 1/3, keizinan wasiat kepada ahli waris, Akta dan Enakemen, dan fleksibel dalam perancangan harta bercagar. Kedua-dua instrumen ini mempunyai signifikan tersendiri dalam menyelesaikan isu-isu yang berlaku dalam perancangan harta pusaka
Implikasi Pindaan Akta Harta Pusaka Kecil (Pembahagian) 1955 [Akta 98] Terhadap Pentadbiran Harta Pusaka di Malaysia
No full textAt the present time, Muslims in Malaysia can apply for a Letter of Administration (LA) at the Small Estate Unit under the Department of Director General of Lands and Mines (JKPTG) when it involves immovable assets only, or immovable and movable assets. However, based on the issue of delay in the administration of the estate, which is becoming increasingly worrying, and the increase of unclaimed money, which is estimated to be up to RM90 billion, the Government of Malaysia has taken a proactive step by amending the Small Estates (Distribution) Act 1955 [Act 98], which has been approved in the Malaysian Parliament on 21 October 2022 and is ready to be implemented soon. Therefore, this study analyzes the implications of the amendment to Act 98, which involves the administration of Muslim estates in Malaysia. The methodology used are document analysis involving the Small Estates (Distribution) (Amendment) Act 2022 (Act A1643) and secondary sources, such as journal articles, proceedings, books, newspaper clippings, and websites. In addition, interviews were also conducted involving agency representatives from Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB) and JKPTG. This study found that there are four main implications to the amendment of Act 98 which involves the expansion of jurisdiction, improving governance, a shorter time period for the administration of the estate, and automatic petitions.
Keywords: Small Estates (Distribution) Act 1995 [Act 98], Small Estates (Distribution) (Amendment) Act 2022 [Act A1643], Small Estate, estate administration, Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN), Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB).
Full text: PDFPada ketika ini, masyarakat Islam di Malaysia boleh membuat permohonan untuk mendapatkan Surat Kuasa Mentadbir (SKM) di Unit Pembahagian Pusaka Kecil di bawah Jabatan Ketua Pengarah Tanah dan Galian Persekutuan (JKPTG) apabila melibatkan aset tidak alih sahaja, atau aset tidak alih berserta aset alih. Namun demikian, berdasarkan masalah isu kelewatan pentadbiran harta pusaka yang semakin membimbangkan dan peningkatan jumlah harta tidak dituntut yang dianggarkan hingga RM90 bilion, kerajaan Malaysia telah mengambil langkah proaktif dengan meminda Akta Harta Pusaka Kecil (Pembahagian) 1955 [Akta 98]. Pindaan ini telah diluluskan di Parlimen Malaysia pada 21 Oktober 2022, seterusnya sedia dilaksanakan. Oleh sebab itu, kajian ini akan menganalisis implikasi terhadap pindaan Akta 98 ini yang melibatkan pentadbiran harta pusaka orang Islam di Malaysia. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah analisis dokumen yang melibatkan Akta Pusaka Kecil (Pembahagian) (Pindaan) 2022 [Akta A1643] dan sumber sekunder, iaitu makalah jurnal, prosiding, buku, keratan akhbar, dan laman sesawang. Selain itu, temu bual juga dijalankan melibatkan wakil agensi daripada Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB) dan JKPTG. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat empat implikasi utama terhadap pindaan Akta 98 ini, iaitu melibatkan peluasan bidang kuasa, pembaikan tadbir urus, penyingkatan tempoh masa pentadbiran harta pusaka dan petisyen secara elektronik.
Kata kunci: Akta Harta Pusaka Kecil (Pembahagian) 1955 [Akta 98], Akta Pusaka Kecil (Pembahagian) (Pindaan) 2022 [Akta A1643], Unit Pusaka Kecil, pentadbiran harta pusaka, Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN), Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB)
Teks penuh: PD
مناهج الشوكاني الفقهية المستقلة للمذاهب الأربعة في كتابه نيل الأوطار: دراسة تمهيدية = The methodology of al-Shawkani's jurisprudence selections of the four schools of thought from his book Nayl al-Awtar: an introduction
No full textيعتبر الإمام الشوكاني عالما مجتهدا إذ إنه متفنن في كثير من العلوم، ولم يترك المؤلف بابا من أبواب العلم الشرعي إلا وتبحر فيه ومن كتبه المشهورة نيل الأوطار في شرح أحاديث الأحكام. لذا، ومن خلال هذا الكتاب قد ظهرت اختياراته الفقهية المخالفة للمذاهب الأربعة، وله اختياراته المستقلة مبنية على القواعد والأسس في استنباط الأحكام، وقد ظن بعض الناس أن المخالفة للمذاهب الأربعة خارقا للإجماع والحق محصورا فيما اتفقت على تلك المذاهب، وفي الحقيقة أن المسائل التي اتفقت عليها المذاهب الأربعة تعبر عن رأي جمهور الفقهاء وغالبا أقرب للصواب، ولكن آراءهم واختياراتهم ليست بحجة لغيرهم وليست إجماعا ملزما إذا تبين أن هناك دليل آخر، لذا فإن هذه الدراسة هي الحاجة إلى حصر اختياراته الفقهية المخالفة للمذاهب الأربعة – وذلك من كتابه نيل الأوطار – التي أبرزها الباحثون السابقون لدلالة أن الحق يدور مع الدليل، علاوة على هذا أن هذه الدراسة القائمة تحاول كشف معالم منهج الشوكاني الذي سلكه في تأليف كتابه لاستنباط الأحكام الفقهية مع بيان آرائه المستقلة. والباحث سيعتمد في دراسته على المنهج التحليلي والوصفي حيث يجمع ويستقرئ الآراء الفقهية للشوكاني من كتاب نيل الأوطار، ثم الدراسات السابقة منها الرسائل والمقالات العلمية والكتب المصنفة حول كتابه وشخصيته ومناهجه الذي تيسر للباحث اطلاع عليها. وحصلت الدراسة أن هناك وجود عدة اختيارات الشوكاني الفقهية المستقلة في كل قسم من كتابه وإن قلّ، وهذا يشير إلى أن أبواب الاجتهاد مفتوح إلى يوم القيامة وللمجتهد أجران؛ أجر إن أصاب، وأجر إن أخطأ.
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Imam al-Shawkani was a great Islamic scholar who had reached the level of mujtahid and mastered various fields of knowledge. Among his greatest works is the book of Nayl al-Awtar, lectures on Legal Hadith. There are some of his opinions especially in the matter of fiqh that contradict the views of the Imam of the Four Sects (Imam Malik, Imam Hanafi, Imam Syafie, Imam Hanbali). He had his own personal view in determining a hukum based on the method of istinbath hukm. Some people opine that views which contradict the views of the Imam of the Fourth Sects are wrong and out of ijma’. The right views are only based on the views of the Imam of the Four Sects. In actual fact, the views of the Imam of the Four Sects in the matter of fiqh only reflect the views of the majority and its truth can be accepted. Even so, their views are not mandatory arguments that other mujtahids need to follow if there are other arguments. Therefore, this study will gather his personal views that contradict the views of the Imam of the Four Sects in his book Nayl al-Awar through the highlights of previous literature review and explain that the truths are based on arguments. The methodology used in this study is qualitative in nature by analyzing the data obtained descriptively. The primary source referred to is the original work composed by Imam al-Shawkani. While the secondary source is previous studies such as theses, journal articles and books. The result of the study shows that there are several personal views of Imam al-Shawkani that contradict the Imam of the Four Sects views in his book, Nayl al-Awtar. This has proven that the door of ijtihad for a mujtahid is open until the Day of Judgment. If the ijtihad is correct then two rewards are bestowed, if not, one reward is bestowed
The analysis of Trust Instruments in Malaysia as Islamic Estate Planning: The Challenges and Effects
No full textEfficient and effective Islamic estate planning not only provides convenience to Muslim but also capable of driving national economic progress and development. One of the instruments of Islamic estate planning is trust instrument which is based on Civil Law. The effect of not implementing the trust at an early stage can be seen in the property acquired as it is not managed effectively and indirectly harms the beneficiary. Therefore, this study will try to identify what are the challenges in the implementation of trust, which is not implemented efficiently and looking at the effects of late Islamic estate planning during a lifetime. This study is a qualitative study by analyzing previous articles, related statutes, and looking at the application of trust instrument in trust institutions in Malaysia. To achieve the objectives of this study, the authors conducted interviews with officers at Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB), which is the largest Public Trustee in Malaysia and this year has reached the 100th anniversary of its establishment. The finding of the study found that the trust instrument has significant effects in assisting Islamic estate planning. In conclusion, Islamic estate planning during a lifetime should not be taken lightly by society as it is detrimental to the family and national economy
The concept of wisayah from syariah perspective: an analytical study at State Islamic Religious Council = Konsep wisayah daripada perspektif syariah: analisis pelaksanaannya di Majlis Agama Islam Negeri
No full textThe will of entrustment (wisayah) is one form of trustee and property management in Islam involving minors who are orphans or mentally or physically disabled because they have no qualifications (al-qasir) to administer property. The management of their properties is the responsibility of the appointed guardian. However, the concept of will of entrustment and its implementation from the syariah perspective are not thoroughly discussed. This confuses the public in managing al-qasir property. Therefore, this study elaborates on the concept of will of entrustment in detail to ensure its implementation is effective and beneficial to al-qasir and assesses the guardian’s responsibilities from the syariah perspective. This study uses a qualitative approach in analyzing and obtaining information from fiqh books, journals, proceedings and selected Islamic Family Law Act and Enactments. The finding of the study shows that the concept of will of entrustment in Islam could protect the rights and property of al-qasir. The result of this study is expected to give the public a clear understanding of how to best manage al-qasir property.
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Wisayah adalah salah satu bentuk pengamanahan dan pengurusan harta
dalam Islam yang melibatkan kanak-kanak bawah umur sama ada anak yatim,
orang gila atau orang kurang upaya (OKU) daripada segi mental atau fizikal
kerana tiada kelayakan (al-qasir) untuk mentadbir sesuatu harta. Pengurusan
harta mereka adalah menjadi tanggungjawab penjaga (wasi) yang dilantik.
Walau bagaimanapun, konsep wisayah dan pelaksanaannya masih kurang
dibincangkan secara terperinci daripada perspektif syariah. Ini menjadi
kekeliruan di kalangan masyarakat untuk menguruskan harta al-qasir. Justeru,
kajian ini menjelaskan konsep wisayah dalam Islam secara terperinci yang
dipraktikkan di Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN) untuk memastikan
pelaksanaannya berkesan dan memberi manfaat kepada al-qasir, di samping
menilai tanggungjawab wasi daripada perspektif syariah. Kajian ini
menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sepenuhnya dalam menganalisis dan
mendapatkan maklumat dengan merujuk kepada kitab-kitab fiqh, jurnal,
prosiding, Akta dan Enakmen Keluarga Islam Negeri terpilih. Dapatan kajian
menunjukkan bahawa konsep wisayah dalam Islam dapat melindungi hak-hak
dan harta pemilikan al-qasir. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberi
kefahaman yang jelas kepada masyarakat berkenaan wisayah untuk mentadbir
harta al-qasir dengan sebaiknya
Illegitimate child inheritance: an analysis from syariah perspective
No full textAn illegitimate child is born outside of legal marriage by both parents, as a result of adultery. The implication is that their rights in the Islamic law are hindered, such as inheritance from their biological father. However, is it the child's right to be categorically denied from receiving his biological father's estate? What is the alternative in syarak, in caring for their welfare? This study will analyze the ruling of illegitimate child inheritance from a syariah perspective, and thus propose some solutions to the problem. This study applied a qualitative approach using the library research method. The findings were obtained from articles, cases from the Syariah Court, acts, enactments, and analysis of fatwas in Malaysia. To achieve this objective, interviews were also conducted with a takaful consultant and an executive from the Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB). This study found that the instruments of hibah takaful, will, trust or testamentary trust can be implemented in Islamic estate planning to safeguard the welfare of an illegitimate child
Vaccination of Children According to Islam
No full textVaccines are an effective means of controlling the spread of infectious diseases, especially among children. Many diseases do not yet have medications that can cure or treat them. The use of vaccines to prevent disease is a method that has been used for years, and the technology for creating these vaccines has become more sophisticated in recent times
An Analysis of the Justice of Faraid Law in Relation to the Concept of Qiwamah in the Sustainability of the Muslim Family Institution
No full textThe contemporary movements of Liberalism and Feminism are increasingly challenging the Islamic law of faraid. They claim that there is gender discrimination in the distribution of inheritance, particularly in Surah al-Nisa, verse 11, which allocates a portion for men that is twice that of women. These movements are further strengthened by Sustainable Development Goal 5, which advocates for gender equality. Therefore, this study aims to critically analyze whether gender discrimination exists in the faraid law by examining the concept of household leadership (qiwamah) in sustaining the Muslim family institution. Through a qualitative approach, this study employs content analysis of classical and contemporary fiqh books, academic journal articles, contemporary fatwas, and authoritative online sources. The findings of this study show that when the concept of qiwamah is understood in a holistic context, the faraid law is just and capable of fostering the sustainability of the Muslim family institution. Hence, this study proposes a multi-dimensional approach in understanding and implementing the concept of qiwamah in the contemporary context, such as comprehensive education on rights and responsibilities in Islam, and dialogue between Islamic scholars and women’s rights activists to achieve better mutual understanding
