2,564 research outputs found
On the conceptual feasibility of a CAAD-CAAI integrated decision support system: A computer aided environment for technical decision-making in architecture
No full textArchitectur
Carrah b. Abdullah al-Hakami: His life, activities and personality
Get PDFCerrâh b. Abdullah el-Hakemî Emevîler dönemi kumandan ve valileri arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Aslen Şamlı olup daha sonra Basra ve Kûfe'ye yerleşti. Haccâc b. Yûsuf ile tanıştıktan sonra yaklaşık kırk yıl boyunca Emevî Devleti'nde önemli görevlerde bulundu. Deyrul-Cemâcim Savaşına katıldı, Haricilere karşı görevlendirildi. Cerrâh 705 -715 yılları arasında Basra valiliği yaptı. 715 -717 yılları arasında da Irak genel valiliğine vekaleten baktı. Ömer b. Abdülaziz halife olunca (717 -720) Cerrâh b.Abdullah'ı Horasan valiliğine tayin etti. Fakat Cerrâh'ın Arap ırkçılığı yapması, İslama giren Ehl-i Zimm eden cizye almaya devam etmesi, halka karşı kılıç ve kırbaç kullanma fikrini ileri sürmesi üzerine görevden alındı. II.Yezîd döneminde (720 -724) Akr Savaşına katıldı. 722 yılında Ermeniyye ve Azerbaycan genel valiliğine atandı. Burada uzun süre Hazar Türkleri ile mücadele etti. Hişâm döneminde de Hazarlarla mücadeleye devam etti. Cerrâh, 730 yılında Erdebil civarında komuta ettiği bir savaşta yenildi ve şehid oldu. Cerrâh b. Abdullah İslâm Târihi kaynaklarında; uzun boylu, heybetli, cesur, yiğit, kahraman, âdil, âbid, kurâ, cengaver gibi çeşitli vasıflarla nitelendirilmiştir. Hadîste Muhammed b. Sîrîn'den rivâyette bulunmuş, kendisinden de Safvân b. Amr, Yahyâ b. Utayye ve Rebîa b. Fedâle rivâyette bulunmuşlardır.Carrah b. Abdullah al-Hakami has an important place among the commanders and the governers at the time of Umayyads. He is originally from Damascus but settled in Basra and Kufa later. After having acquainted with Hajjaj b. Yusuf, he occupied important positions almost forty years at the Umayyads Caliphate. He participated in the War of Dayr al-Jamajim. He was appointed to struggle with the Kharijites. He was the governer of Basra between 705-715 A.H. He represented the general governership of Iraq between 715-717 A.H. He was appointed as the governer of Khurasan by Umar b. Abdilaziz (717-720 A.H.) but he was dismissed because he claimed that the pool-tax should be taken from Ahl al-Zimma and there should be used sword and scourge against them. At thie time of Yazid II (720-724 A.H.), Carrah participated in th e Battle of Aqr. In 722 (A.H.) he was appointed as the General Governer of Irminiyya and Adharbaycan. At the meantime he struggled with the Khazar Turks for a long time. At the time of Hisham he contiuned to struggle with the Khazars. In 730 (A.H.) he was defeated and killed at the battle near Ardabil in 730 (A.H.) as the commender. In the classical sources, he was described as tall, awesome brave, hero, courageous, just, worshipper and warlike. In hadith, he narrated from Muhammad b. Sirin and from him Safwan b. Amr, Yahya b. Utayya and Rabia b. Fadalah narrated
Review of Liquid Hydrogen Tanks’ Design Principles for Short- and Medium-Range Civil Flights
No full textThe aviation industry plays a significant role in global transportation but has raised concerns about its contribution to climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions. Decarbonizing the aviation sector is crucial to align with global climate goals as aviation emissions have a disproportionately higher climate impact and could triple by 2050 if no mitigation actions are taken. Liquid hydrogen has emerged as a promising sustainable fuel alternative for aviation due to its high-energy density and zero-carbon emissions. Its combustion only produces water vapor, eliminating carbon dioxide emissions associated with conventional fossil fuels. Advancements in hydrogen production, storage, and distribution technologies have increased the potential for scalable and sustainable hydrogen infrastructure for aviation. However, challenges such as hydrogen availability, infrastructure development, and safety considerations need to be addressed for widespread adoption. Cryogenic tank design plays a crucial role in storing cryogenic fluids like liquid hydrogen. Different insulation strategies, including vacuum insulation, multilayer insulation, powder insulation, and foam insulation, are used to minimize heat transfer and pressure increase in cryogenic tanks. Liquid hydrogen tanks also need to consider phenomena such as ortho-para conversion and cryo-pumping, which can lead to pressure increases and heat transfer. While boil-off is a major concern in ground tanks, it is less critical in aircraft tanks due to the ability to utilize some of the boil-off gas. Overall, the design strategies and concepts behind the storage of liquid hydrogen for aircraft are essential for enabling a sustainable and environmentally responsible path forward in the aviation industry
A letter to A.H. Esq., concerning the stage [electronic resource]
No full textA defense of the stage, in answer to Jeremy Collier's Short view of the immorality and profaneness of the English stage."The initials in the title [i.e. A.H.] have been identified as those of Anthony Hammond. Charles Hopkins has been suggested as the probable author." Cf. NUC pre-1956.Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.WingElectronic reproduction
De kosten van een zandsuppletie op het strand van de Kop van Goeree uitgevoerd met behulp van de zogenaamde "Punaise"
No full textIn het 1e deel van het afstudeerverslag van A.H. van Berk (lit. 1) werd de vraag gesteld of een baggersysteem voor het kustonderhoud van de Kop van Goeree met de punaise (fig. 0) in één van de wingebieden A, B of C (fig. 2) kan konkurreren met een systeem met een cutterzuiger in wingebied E. Voor het antwoord op deze vraag zijn de kosten van zowel de uitvoering met de punaise als die met de cutterzuiger bepaald. Deze kosten zijn omgerekend naar de gemiddelde jaarlijkse kosten voor het kustonderhoud en onderling vergeleken. In het tweede deel wordt een handleiding gegeven voor de berekening van de jaarlijkse kosten van het kustonderhoud van de lop van Goeree door zandsuppietie a.b.v. de Punaise.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Modelling thermal environmental performance in top-lit Malaysian atrium using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
No full textModelling thermal stratification in atrium using TAS program and verification of prediction results
No full textThe role of the accused in English and Islamic criminal justice
Get PDFThis thesis is a comparative study of the role of the accused in the systems of
English and Islamic criminal justice. It seeks to explore the underlying
relationship between the individual and the state through an historical, structural
and contextual analysis of their rules relating to questioning and of confessions.
The analysis of the English system covers the period 1800 to 1984, with
particular reference to developments during the nineteenth century when the
foundations for the modern English state were established. The analysis of the
Islamic system combines traditionally Islamic and modern methods, assessing the
"Islamisation" movement in Malaysia through a religico-structural understanding
of juristic opinion from the four main schools of Sunnite jurisprudence.
The thesis contributes to existing knowledge on a number of levels: first, it
questions and revises the "myth" of "progress" that has dominated observations
of the history of the English criminal justice system; second, it elucidates the
relationship between Islamic law in theory and the law that is applied and
proposed in its name in Muslim states; third, it provides an analytical framework
for drawing comparisons between the underlying values of the systems of English
and Islamic criminal justice.
While acknowledging fundamental differences in terms of outlook and
articulation, the author concludes there are important similarities expressed
through such notions as "suspect" in the English system and "kafir"I"fasiq" in the
Islamic. These act as intermediate constitutional categories to whom the state
owe less protection. But the author notes also that these similarities are not
observed necessarily in the "law" which is implemented or proposed in Muslim
states; exact correspondence depends upon the over-arching political structure
and the institution of Caliphate.
The thesis is divided into six chapters: chapter one sets out the conventional view
of the historical development of English criminal procedure and evidence;
chapter two subjects that to a critique and chapter three offers a revised thesis.
Chapter four, explores methods for interpreting and explaining Islam; chapter
five sets out rules relating to confessions and questioning according to the four
Sunni schools; chapter six puts them into "context" through an examination of
the "Islamisation" process in Malaysia
Riba, Share-tenancy and Agrarian Reforms
Get PDFLand tenureship may take the form of self-cultivation, contractual workers, leasing and partnership. This paper focuses on the last one known as muzara`ah or share-tenancy. After clarifying what riba stands for, it reviews the misgiving about share-tenancy as a case of riba. It also argues at length in favour of share-tenancy as a legitimate mode of land tenure in Shari`ah. Finally, it also draws attention to some reforms to ameliorate the negative aspects of share-tenancy arrangements currently in vogue.
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