97,913 research outputs found
Levantine attitudes towards the Franks during the early Crusades (490/1096 - 564/1169)
No full textThe period of the Crusades was one of the most important periods in the
history of both Western Europe and the Middle East, for it was during this period
that the peoples of Western Europe made their first major incursion on eastern soil.
The result of this was that an unprecedented amount of contact was established
between East and West, forcing each side to become more closely acquainted with
the culture of the other. As far as this cultural exchange is concerned, one of the
most significant parts of the crusading period was that encompassing the first two
crusades and their aftermath (490/1096-564/1169), as it was during this period that
crusaders and easterners first clashed with each other, and were forced to learn
much about each other. This sudden clash and forced acquaintance resulted in the
development of certain attitudes on each side towards the other. This thesis concerns
itself with the development of the attitudes of the Muslim, Christian and Jewish
communities towards the Franks (western crusaders) in the major theatre of conflict
of the area, the Levant.
In the thesis as many texts as possible from the literature of the period are
examined, in order to extract information from them concerning the developments
in Levantine knowledge of and attitudes towards the Franks. The texts examined
include both contemporary and later historical, geographical and judicial texts from
the area, and also local works of literature. In addition to the Muslim, Christian and
Jewish texts, and for the sake of comparison and completeness, brief consideration
is also given to a number of works of Byzantine and Frankish writers. Naturally, use
is also made of secondary works by modern scholars. In this way this thesis provides
a detailed examination of cross-cultural inter-faith relations during this formative
period
Istihsan (juristic preference) : the forgotten principle of Islamic law
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Conflict of law and the methodology of Tarjīẖ : a study in Islamic legal theory
No full textIslamic law never achieved unity but expressed itself in, at least, four surviving schools. More interestingly, contemporary Muslim communities are still divided among themselves on a number of issues related to their laws. This work describes how problem of legal conflicts have been tackled by Muslim jurists. It is an attempt to examine closely the phenomenon of conflict in Islamic law from the standpoint of usūl-al-fiqh or Islamic legal theory. In fact, much is heard nowadays of the contradiction in the body of Islamic law. Whilst in contrast, little is presented in terms of the methodology of removing this conflict. The present work therefore, attempts to redress this balance. The emphasis of the work will be concerned primarily with tarjīh methodology ; how to give preference to one piece of evidence or argument over the other when they conflict. Nevertheless, considerable concern is given to investigating the background to the conflict of law in the Shari'ah.
This study of a neglected area in Islamic legal scholarship will be an important source of reference to students, both practising and theoretical jurists or to anyone who merely wishes to increase his knowledge of legal themes, particularly legal conflict. The very aim of the work is to argue that conflict is a natural and unavoidable consequence of legal study because legal conflict is only conflicting principles and arguments adduced by both the classical and modern jurists to reach what is actually intended by God in the target case. Therefore, conflicts are inevitable in most of the cases in fiqh owing to the variety of principles set out to deal with one piece of legal evidence, let alone with all the pieces of legal evidence in question.
Tarjīh is therefore, an important and workable instrument in the re-examination of these conflicts and in arriving at the most accurate principle for establishing the law for as long as this is possible. It is hoped that the discovery of new facts and the increase of knowledge which results from the broadening and deepening of the research will positively contribute to the process of unification of Islamic law
Yemeni relations with the central Islamic authorities : (9-233/630-847); a political history.
No full textMālik and Medina: Islamic Legal Reasoning in the Formative Period. By Umar F. Abd-Allah Wymann-Landgraf
No full text


Mālik and Medina: Islamic Legal Reasoning in the Formative Period. By Umar F. Abd-Allah Wymann-Landgraf. Islamic History and Civilization, vol. 101. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Pp. xiv + 552. $277, €199.


</jats:p
A reappraisal of attitudes to the 'People of the Book' in the Qur'an and hadith, with particular reference to Muslim fiscal policy and the covenant of 'Umar
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Konsep 'Awalim 'Abd Allah Bin 'Abd Al-qahhar Al-bantani dalam Diskursus Wujudiyyah di Nusantara
No full textThis article aims at observing the Wujudiyyah teaching of 'Abd Allah bin 'Abd al-Qahhar al-Bantani on the text Masyahid an-Ndik fi maqamat as-Salik. Even though 'Abd Allah bin 'Abd alQahhar al-Bantani was as a great ulama in the period of Sultan Abu an-Nasr 'Arif Syifa' Zain al 'Asyiqin—the ruler of the sultanate of Banten in the eighteenth century--his name was scarcely mentioned in the history of Banten. This sultan asked him to write a book of Wujudiyyah, especially dealing with tajalliyat. The polemic of WuJudiyyah happens in Banten is different from that of in Aceh. In Banten, there is no information stating that the sultan of Banten bans and considers the adherents of wujudiyyah teaching as infidel (unbeliever). Dealing with tajalliyat concept, he expresses it in the explanation of tajalli phases of God over the realm that he divides into four kinds of world: 'alam ilahi, 'alam jabarut, 'alam malakut and 'alam nasut. His division of these worlds is much different from al-Burhanpuri's concept of Martabat Tujuh and the world concepts of Hamzah Fansuri, al-jili as well as lbn 'Arabi.
Keywords: WuJudiyyah, 'Awalim, Martabat Tujuh, Maratib Al-Wuju
Monetary thought of the sixteenth century muslim scholars
No full textMuslim scholars of the sixteenth century continued the tradition of writing on economic issues. Their work, however is characterized by the period's overall feature of imitation and repetition and thus reflects hardly any advancement of monetary thought since the works of earlier Muslim scholars. This is clearly reflected in the two representative treatises on money: those of al-Suyuti (d. 1506) written at the beginning of the century, and al-Tumurtashi (d. 1598), written at its the end. History of Islamic economic thought is a well-researched area of Islamic Economics. To the best of our knowledge, however, all such research stopped at the end of the fifteenth century – the age of Ibn Khaldun and al-Maqrizi. The present paper seeks to advance this research and intends to investigate monetary thought of Muslim scholars during the sixteenth century (corresponding to tenth century Hijrah, exactly from 906 AH to 1009 AH). Beginning with an overview of earlier monetary thought in Islam to provide background information, then it goes on to note that particular century's monetary problems in order to provide a perspective for the discussion of monetary thought among Muslim scholars. For the purpose of comparison, European monetary thought of the same period is also analyzed.Monetary thought; Quantity theory of money;Sixteenth century Monetary Thought; al-Suyuti; al-Tumurtashi.
Umar F. Abd-Allah Wymann-Landgraf, Mālik and Medina. Islamic Legal Reasoning in the Formative Period, (Islamic History and Civilization, 101), Leiden – Boston, Brill, 2013
No full textDean J. Umar F. Abd-Allah Wymann-Landgraf, Mālik and Medina. Islamic Legal Reasoning in the Formative Period, (Islamic History and Civilization, 101), Leiden – Boston, Brill, 2013. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 94e année n°4, Octobre-Décembre 2014. p. 489
- …
