66 research outputs found
Appraisal on End Products and Services Offered by Islamic Banks from Maqasid Shari’ah Perspective
No full textQuestion arises whether the products and services offered by the Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) genuinely meeting the requirement of Shari’ah. At present, not only Shari’ah advisors have been appointed to scrutinize and endorse the new products and services. In fact, majority of the IFIs have established units or departments to ensure the documentations, legal and Shari’ah framework, the process and procedure, and implementation are in line with the precept of Shari’ah. IFIs not only must avoid riba, but as well as other important elements such as gharar, deception, inequality, duress in developing and executing the end products of IFIs in order to ensure justice and social welfare prevail. This could only be achieved if the products and services approved uphold the importance of Maqasid Shari’ah. This paper will evaluate the key value chain in product approval process, role of Shari’ah advisor in approving products and services in IFIs as well as to raise possible issues and challenges related to the value chain. This paper will also look into the importance of Maqasid Shari’ah in product approval process as it is a vital element to be considered so as to avoid legal conflicts, litigation risk, instability (reputational risk) to the IFIs, tarnish the image of so called Shari’ah compliance products, uphold justice (contracting parties) and more importantly the pure teaching of Islam.Islamic financial institutions, Shari’ah committee, Maqasid Shari’ah.
Computational methods for physiological data
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2009.Author is also affiliated with the MIT Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-188).Large volumes of continuous waveform data are now collected in hospitals. These datasets provide an opportunity to advance medical care, by capturing rare or subtle phenomena associated with specific medical conditions, and by providing fresh insights into disease dynamics over long time scales. We describe how progress in medicine can be accelerated through the use of sophisticated computational methods for the structured analysis of large multi-patient, multi-signal datasets. We propose two new approaches, morphologic variability (MV) and physiological symbolic analysis, for the analysis of continuous long-term signals. MV studies subtle micro-level variations in the shape of physiological signals over long periods. These variations, which are often widely considered to be noise, can contain important information about the state of the underlying system. Symbolic analysis studies the macro-level information in signals by abstracting them into symbolic sequences. Converting continuous waveforms into symbolic sequences facilitates the development of efficient algorithms to discover high risk patterns and patients who are outliers in a population. We apply our methods to the clinical challenge of identifying patients at high risk of cardiovascular mortality (almost 30% of all deaths worldwide each year). When evaluated on ECG data from over 4,500 patients, high MV was strongly associated with both cardiovascular death and sudden cardiac death. MV was a better predictor of these events than other ECG-based metrics. Furthermore, these results were independent of information in echocardiography, clinical characteristics, and biomarkers.(cont.) Our symbolic analysis techniques also identified groups of patients exhibiting a varying risk of adverse outcomes. One group, with a particular set of symbolic characteristics, showed a 23 fold increased risk of death in the months following a mild heart attack, while another exhibited a 5 fold increased risk of future heart attacks.by Zeeshan Hassan Syed.Ph.D
اجمل کمال کے آج میں فکشن کی تفہیم: تعارف، تجزیہ اشاریہ
No full textAjmal Kamal is publishing a renowned quarterly literary journal 'Aaj' from Karachi (Pakistan) since 1989. This journal is celebrated for its translations of fiction from English, Arabic, French, Hindi, Persian amp; German language. Ajmal Kamal as editor selects world's best literature for his journal's readers and get it translated in Urdu. His selection is from different genres of literature but he prefers stories whether it is short-story or novel. 'Aaj' has also given a vital movement to a considerably new genre of Urdu poetry named as "Nasri Nazm" and introduced the great literary works of poets like Afzal Hussain Syed, Zeeshan Sahil amp; Azra Abbas in this regard. Besides all this, very notable, well written and significant literary criticism has also been published in 'Aaj'. Critical essays of celebrated writers on fiction, poetry, language amp; linguistics, religion, social sciences and reviews of different books have been published in different issues. Distinguished critics of "Aaj" from Urdu world are Nayyer Masood, C.M. Naim, M. Khalid Akhtar, Shamsur Rehman Farooqi, Ajmal Kamal, Fehmeeda Riaz, Arjumand Ara, Bakht Bedar and Muzzafar Ali Syed. This article presents an introduction, analysis and index of all that criticism published in 'Aaj' on fiction
اجمل كمال كے ”آج“ میں فكشن كی تنقید
No full textAjmal Kamal has been publishing a renowned quarterly literaryjournal 'Aaj' from Karachi since 1989. The journal is celebrated forits translations of fiction from English, Arabic, French, Hindi,Persian and German. 'Aaj' has also given a vital movement to aconsiderably new genre of Urdu poetry named as "Nasri Nazm"and introduced the great literary works of poets like Afzal HussainSyed, Zeeshan Sahil and Azra Abbas in this regard. Besides, verynotable, well written and significant literary criticism has also beenpublished in 'Aaj'. Critical essays of celebrated writers on fiction,poetry, language and linguistics, religion, social sciences andreviews of different books have been published in different issues.Distinguished critics of "Aaj" from Urdu world are NayyerMasood, C.M. Naim, M. Khalid Akhtar, Shamsur RehmanFarooqi,Ajmal Kamal, Fehmeeda Riaz, Arjumand Ara, Bakht Bedar andMuzzafar Ali Syed. This article focuses criticism published in 'Aaj'on fiction
اجمل كمال كے ”آج“ میں فكشن كی تنقید
No full textAjmal Kamal has been publishing a renowned quarterly literaryjournal 'Aaj' from Karachi since 1989. The journal is celebrated forits translations of fiction from English, Arabic, French, Hindi,Persian and German. 'Aaj' has also given a vital movement to aconsiderably new genre of Urdu poetry named as "Nasri Nazm"and introduced the great literary works of poets like Afzal HussainSyed, Zeeshan Sahil and Azra Abbas in this regard. Besides, verynotable, well written and significant literary criticism has also beenpublished in 'Aaj'. Critical essays of celebrated writers on fiction,poetry, language and linguistics, religion, social sciences andreviews of different books have been published in different issues.Distinguished critics of "Aaj" from Urdu world are NayyerMasood, C.M. Naim, M. Khalid Akhtar, Shamsur RehmanFarooqi,Ajmal Kamal, Fehmeeda Riaz, Arjumand Ara, Bakht Bedar andMuzzafar Ali Syed. This article focuses criticism published in 'Aaj'on fiction
Federated Learning in Smart Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review on Privacy, Security, and Predictive Analytics with IoT Integration
No full textFederated learning (FL) is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling collaborative machine learning across institutions while preserving patient privacy and meeting regulatory standards. This review delves into FL’s applications within smart health systems, particularly its integration with IoT devices, wearables, and remote monitoring, which empower real-time, decentralized data processing for predictive analytics and personalized care. It addresses key challenges, including security risks like adversarial attacks, data poisoning, and model inversion. Additionally, it covers issues related to data heterogeneity, scalability, and system interoperability. Alongside these, the review highlights emerging privacy-preserving solutions, such as differential privacy and secure multiparty computation, as critical to overcoming FL’s limitations. Successfully addressing these hurdles is essential for enhancing FL’s efficiency, accuracy, and broader adoption in healthcare. Ultimately, FL offers transformative potential for secure, data-driven healthcare systems, promising improved patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and data sovereignty across the healthcare ecosystem
Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Smart Healthcare: A Capability and Function-Oriented Review
No full textArtificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming smart healthcare by enhancing diagnostic precision, automating clinical workflows, and enabling personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the current landscape of AI in healthcare from two key perspectives: capability types (e.g., Narrow AI and AGI) and functional architectures (e.g., Limited Memory and Theory of Mind). Based on capabilities, most AI systems today are categorized as Narrow AI, performing specific tasks such as medical image analysis and risk prediction with high accuracy. More advanced forms like General Artificial Intelligence (AGI) and Superintelligent AI remain theoretical but hold transformative potential. From a functional standpoint, Limited Memory AI dominates clinical applications by learning from historical patient data to inform decision-making. Reactive systems are used in rule-based alerts, while Theory of Mind (ToM) and Self-Aware AI remain conceptual stages for future development. This dual perspective provides a comprehensive framework to assess the maturity, impact, and future direction of AI in healthcare. It also highlights the need for ethical design, transparency, and regulation as AI systems grow more complex and autonomous, by incorporating cross-domain AI insights. Moreover, we evaluate the viability of developing AGI in regionally specific legal and regulatory frameworks, using South Korea as a case study to emphasize the limitations imposed by infrastructural preparedness and medical data governance regulations
A Model To Capture Interaction Between Data Provenance And Workflow Provenance
No full textProvenance means origin. There are two types of Provenance namely Data Provenance and Workflow Provenance. Data Provenance refers to the process of recording and tracking the source or origin of data while workflow provenance means history of workflows and their data that were used while performing an operation to get required result. The results which are obtained while performing operations are called datasets. On these datasets, the queries are performed to get required result. While exploring provenance topic in data and workflow, the author have tried to explore how a model can be presented and discussed which can capture interaction between data provenance and workflow provenance. In this paper, the author have discussed further about provenance, its types and its importance and also discussed how to execute query on provenance data. The main focus of this study was on the model which captures interaction between workflow and data provenance including the above mentioned topics
Dynamic Pricing for Perishable goods: A Data-driven Digital Transformation Approach
No full textIn supermarkets, rapid pricing adjustments are crucial due to the short shelf life of products. Adopting a multi-case study approach, this study examines the application of dynamic pricing strategies for perishable goods through the lens of a data-driven digital transformation (DD-DT) approach. We introduce a three-phase model of DD-DT for dynamic pricing: initiation, facilitation, and strategic adaptation. In the initiation phase, we identify essential frameworks for robust data collection and analytical processes, which form the backbone of informed pricing decisions. During the facilitation phase, the study integrates sophisticated algorithms and real-time analytics to process and interpret the collected data, facilitating its seamless integration into pricing strategies. The strategic adaptation phase is critical as it focuses on the ongoing refinement and enhancement of pricing strategies, enabling supermarkets to adapt swiftly to market fluctuations and consumer behaviour changes. By presenting a comprehensive DD-DT framework, this research significantly augments the existing literature on dynamic pricing and offers actionable insights for practitioners seeking to optimize pricing strategies in a digitally transforming marketplace
Direct Coombs Test Positivity in B-Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia: a Marker of Advanced Clinical Disease
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