1,720,981 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Relationship between octeotride and breast surgery [1]
No full textTo the Editor:
We would like to express our opinion about the article by Gonzalez et al. (1). We congratulate them on the well-performed study and the large number of patients included. We know that seroma formation is the most common complication of breast cancer surgery (2). We noted a few things in the article.
First, the authors do not describe the amount of lymphorrhea aspirated and the number of aspirations during the postoperative medications. There is a big difference between an aspiration of 10 cc of seroma and an aspiration of 100 cc of lymphorrhea, but they describe only the mean number of aspirations. We believe the amount of aspiration and number of aspirations for every postoperative medication will be helpful in understanding the results.
Second, we noted the absence of any information about the mean quantity of lymph loss with drains during the first postoperative days. The authors described only the removal of suction drains after 5 or 7 days, depending on the type of surgery performed. We would also like to know if the authors used some compressive medication with suction drains or if they placed only suction drains without compressive medication? We think that Gonzalez et al. could test compressive medication or other ways of preventing seroma formation.
In our experience (3,4), the use of compressive medication is helpful, but not resolutive, in the treatment of seroma or lymphorrhea, where other authors tested axillary padding with encouraging results (5). We know that external axillary compression is not universally accepted to reduce seroma (6) formation, but we think that this kind of medication combined with suction drains will be useful, even if today some authors do not encourage the use of suction drains in breast surgery (7).
Finally, we would like to remind readers that today in breast surgery we can take advantage of octreotide. In fact, octreotide can be used successfully for the treatment of postaxillary dissection lymphorrhea, and potentially in the prevention of postaxillary lymph node dissection lymphosarcoma, since the amount and duration of lymphorrhea in this setting are known to be important risk factors for its development. In fact, in our experience, the mean quantity (± standard deviation) of lymphorrhea was 94.6 ± 19 cc/day and the average duration was 16.7 ± 3.0 days. In comparison, the mean quantity of lymphorrhea in the treatment group was 65.4 ± 21.1 cc/day and the average duration was 7.1 ± 2.9 days. Potentially octreotide might be used in similar situations where lymphorrhea is detrimental, such as peripheral vascular surgery and regional lymph node dissection for melanoma. So we encourage the authors of this article to use octeotride in the treatment of lymphorrhea
Bone marrow derived liver stem cells (BDLSC) engraft more efficiently livers undergoing rejection than hepatocytes: a potential novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of liver rejection
No full textBACKGROUND: The definitive therapy for end-stage liver disease is orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). However, rejection is still a major cause of mortality and morbidity following OLT. Hepatocyte transplantation has been used experimentally to treat liver diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether bone marrow-derived liver stem cells (BDLSC) and mature hepatocytes could repopulate transplanted livers undergoing rejection.
METHODS: OLT was carried out from D'Agouti (C3-positive female) into Lewis (C3-negative female) rats. BDLSC were transplanted from Lewis (male) into livers of D'Agouti (female) rats. Group A (n = 9) received intraportal normal saline. Groups B (n = 9) and C (n = 9) underwent intraportal transplantation of mature hepatocytes (Lewis female, 0.75 x 10(7)) and DBLSC (Lewis male, 5 x 10(4)) respectively. All groups received subtherapeutic immunosuppression (Cyclosporin 0.25 mg/kg/d) for 13 days. Liver repopulation was assessed using immunohistochemistry (C3 antigen-negative cells), in-situ hybridization, (Y-chromosome-positive BDLSC) and histologic assessment (hematoxylin and eosin) for rejection.
RESULTS: BDLSC and mature hepatocytes repopulated 62 +/- 12.3% and 2.5 +/- 1.7% of rejecting livers, respectively. BDLSC demonstrated formation of hepatic lobules and portal triads with little evidence of rejection 36 days after discontinuation of immunosuppression.
CONCLUSIONS: BDLSC can repopulate livers undergoing severe rejection. Moreover, BDLSC can differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. This finding may have important clinical implications
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