1,720,958 research outputs found
Kadar Serum Prolaktin pada Wanita Melahirkan secara Sectio Caesarea dan Persalinan Normal
No full textBackground: Prolactin responsible for lactation, breast development, and hundreds of other functions to maintain homeostasis. Prolactin has a significant function in breast physiology. Deficiency or excess of prolactin secretion causes a clinically significant pathological process. If the levels are too low, mother cannot produce breast milk. There are various reasons why babies are never exclusively breastfed or not breastfed at all. Riskesdas in 2018 noted that some of these reasons were breast milk that didn't come out, children couldn't breastfeed, hassle, separated care, medical reasons, children separated from their mothers, mothers died, and other reasons.
Methods: This observational analytical study with a case-control design was conducted at H. Adam Malik Hospital (RSUPHAM), North Sumatra University Hospital (USU), and Sundari Hospital for inpatients in the obstetric ward. A total of 28 women were selected by consecutive sampling, divided into 14 normal deliveries as control cases and 14 cesarean deliveries as case groups.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference between mean prolactin level of subjects who underwent normal delivery compared to the cesarean section p = 0.035 and the relationship between delivery and stress level was found to have a statistically significant relationship p = 0.022.
Discussion: due to placental detachment, placental steroid hormone inhibition of prolactin occurs and then disappears after separation of the placenta which triggers the start of prolactin synthesis, even after delivery the prolactin level will not continue to rise. Prolactin levels will remain high after breastfeeding, especially soon after the baby is born due to nipple stimulation which is important in stimulating prolactin production. In cesarean section case with short delivery can not deny that lack of stimulation for prolactin to culminate.
Conclusion: It was found that serum prolactin levels were higher in normal labor as well as there was a significant difference between the stress scores of normal compared with cesarean delivery.Latar Belakang: Prolaktin bertanggung jawab terhadap laktasi, perkembangan payudara, dan ratusan fungsi lainnya untuk mempertahankan homeostasis. Prolaktin memiliki fungsi yang signifikan dalam fisiologi payudara. Kekurangan atau kelebihan dari sekresi prolaktin menyebabkan proses patologi yang signifikan secara klinis. Jika kadarnya terlalu rendah, ibu tidak dapat memproduksi ASI. Terdapat berbagai alasan mengapa bayi tidak mendapatkan ASI secara eksklusif ataupun tidak pernah mendapat ASI sama sekali. Riskesdas pada tahun 2018 mencatat beberapa alasan tersebut adalah ASI yang tidak keluar, anak tidak bisa menyusu, repot, rawat pisah, alasan medis, anak terpisah dari ibunya, ibu meninggal dan alasan lainnya.
Metode: Studi analitik observasional dengan rancangan case control ini dilakukan di RSUP H. Adam Malik (RSUPHAM), RSU Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), dan RSU Sundari pada pasien rawat inap di ruang rawat obstetri. Sebanyak 28 wanita dipilih dengan cara consecutive sampling, dibagi menjadi 14 orang persalinan normal sebagai kasus kontrol dan 14 orang persalinan secara SC sebagai kelompok kasus.
Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik antara rerata kadar serum prolaktin subjek yang menjalani persalinan secara normal dibandingkan dengan secara sectio caesarea p = 0,035 dan hubungan cara persalinan dengan tingkat stress dijumpai terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik p=0,022.
Diskusi: Akibat pelepasan plasenta terjadi penghambatan hormon steroid plasenta terhadap prolaktin dan kemudian menghilang setelah pemisahan plasenta yang memicu dimulainya sintesis prolaktin, bahkan setelah melahirkan kadar Prolaktin tidak akan terus meningkat. Kadar prolaktin akan tetap tinggi setelah adanya aktifitas menyusui terutama segera setelah bayi lahir karena adanya stimulasi puting susu yang penting dalam merangsang produksi prolaktin. Tidak dapat disangkal bahwa dalam kasus operasi caesarea dengan persalinan singkat, kurangnya rangsangan bagi prolaktin untuk memuncak.
Kesimpulan: Dijumpai kadar serum prolaktin yang lebih tinggi pada persalinan normal dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik antara rerata skor stress persalinan normal dibandingkan SC.107 HalamanTesis Magiste
The Histopathological Differences of Peripartum Placenta in Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia Pregnant Women and Normal Pregnant Women at Adam Malik Hospital Medan and University of North Sumatera Affiliated Hospital
No full textBackground: Preeclampsia/eclampsia includes placental morphology and anatomy abnormalities is a pregnancy complication which is the main cause of fetomaternal morbidity and mortality.
Aim: This research aims to determine the histopathology differences of peripartum placenta in preeclampsia/eclampsia and normal pregnant women.
Methods : This research is an observational analytical study with a case-control design which sample is pregnant women who have undergone childbirth with and without preeclampsia/eclampsia diagnosis at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan and University of North Sumatra Network Hospital starting from March 2024 until the sample size was met. Placental tissue sampling was used to evaluate placenta histopathological characteristics and to determine histopathological parameters scoring. Bivariate analysis to determine histopathological differences between two groups used chi-square test and the results were declared significant if p value < 0.05 with a confidence level of 95%.
Results : Research results showed statistically significant histopathology differences of peripartum placenta in pre-eclamptic/eclamptic and normal pregnant women (p < 0.05) which included fibrin deposition (p = 0.002), placental infarction (p = 0.000), syncytial knot (p = 0.000), calcification (p = 0.018) and villous basement membrane thickening (p = 0.000). The median histopathology score for normal pregnant women was 2 and for pre-eclamptic/eclamptic pregnant women was 5 (p = 0.025).
Conclusion : In preeclampsia/eclampsia cases, histopathological characteristics includes perivillous and intervillous fibrin deposition, maternal floor infarction, syncytial knots, calcification and villous basement membrane thickening were found more significant compared to normal women with an increase in histopathological scores.121 PagesTesis Magiste
Pengaruh Pemberian Madu Terhadap Perubahan Kadar Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase (Sflt-1), Soluble Endoglin (Seng), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Vegf), Placental Growth Factor (Plgf), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (Tnf-Α), Dan Interleukin 6 (Il-6) Pada Tikus Model Preeklamsia
No full textPreeclampsia is a systemic syndrome that occurs during pregnancy
and after pregnancy, and affects 3-8% of pregnancies. Expression of angiogenesis
factors, both pro angiogenic (VEGF and PIGF), and anti-angiogenic (sFlt-1 and
sEng) has an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. It has an
angiogenic factor that plays a role in inhibiting TGFB1 binding to its receptors,
resulting disruption in the production of nitric oxide (NO), vasodilation, and
capillary formation by endothelial cells in vitro. Honey contains a number of
vitamins and minerals. Honey has been documented as healing properties and
more recent research has shown that honey can be effective for clearing infections
in various wounds, including abscesses, surgical wounds, trauma wounds, burns,
and ulcers of various etiologies.
Methods: This is a pure analytic study with a quasi-experimental design, in 24
pregnant rats (Rattus Norvegicus sp) that divided into 4 groups (Group A as
negative control (normal), Group B as positive control with pregnant mice given
LPS injection, Group C as treatment given LPS injection and honey 0,015% v / v,
and Group D as treatment were given LPS injection and 0,06% v / v). On the 5th
day of pregnancy, intravenous LPS injections were administered to the rats of
groups B, C and D. Systolic blood pressure was monitored in mice in the morning
(8:00 to 10:00 am) evaluated every three days. Provision of honey in groups C
and D was given immediately after an increase in systolic blood pressure in mice.
Honey is given orally every day until the 19th day of pregnancy. On the 20th day,
serum tail vein blood samples were taken in all groups and examined by ELISA
quantitative methods.
Results: There was no difference in body weight in preeclampsia rats in groups C
and D (p = 0,76; p = 0,76). There were differences in TDS, TDD and MAP after
honey administration in groups C and D preeclampsia (TDS, p = 0,03; p = 0,08;
TDD, p = 0,01; p = 0,02; MAP, p = 0,01; p = 0,002). Honey administration
significantly reduce blood pressure, MAP, sFlt-1, sENG and proteinuria in
preeclampsia mice, and giving a greater dose of honey had an effect on
strengthening the effect of honey in lowering blood pressure, MAP, sFlt-1, sEng
(p = 0,012 ) and proteinuria. Honey administration significantly increased VEGF
levels in preeclampsia mice (p = 0,034) and significantly increased PlGF levels in preeclampsia mice in both C and D groups (p = 0,005; p = 0,004). Honey
administration significantly decreased sFlt / PlGF ratio in preeclampsia mice in
both C and D groups (p = 0,006; p = 0,009), significantly reduced IL-6 levels in
preeclampsia mice in both C and D groups (p < 0,001; p < 0,01), significantly
reduced TNF-α levels in preeclampsia mice in both C and D groups (p = 0,002; p
= 0,029). There were differences in proteinuria in preeclampsia rats, groups C and
D (p < 0,001; p < 0,001; p < 0,001).
Conclusion: Administration of honey to preeclampsia can reduce blood pressure,
Mean Arterial Pressure, sFlt-1, sEng, IL-6, TNF-α, sFlt-1 / PlGF ratio,
proteinuria and increase VEGF and PlGF.Preeklamsia adalah sindrom sistemik yang terjadi selama
kehamilan dan setelah kehamilan, serta mempengaruhi 3-8% dari kehamilan.
Ekspresi dari faktor-faktor angiogenesis, baik pro angiogenik (VEGF dan PIGF),
dan anti angiogenik (sFlt-1 dan sEng) memiliki peran penting pada patogenesis
preeklampisa. sEng merupakan faktor angiogenik yang berperan dalam
menghambat TGFB1 berikatan dengan reseptornya, sehingga terjadi gangguan
dalam produksi Nitrit Oksida (NO), vasodilatasi, dan pembentukan kapiler oleh
sel endotelial in vitro. Madu mengandung jumlah vitamin dan mineral. Madu
telah lama didokumentasikan sebagai memiliki sifat penyembuhan dan penelitian
yang lebih baru telah menunjukkan bahwa madu dapat efektif untuk
membersihkan infeksi pada berbagai luka, termasuk abses, luka bedah, luka
trauma, luka bakar, dan borok dari bervariasi etiologi.
Metodologi: Merupakan jenis penelitian analitik murni dengan desain kuasi
eksperimental, pada 24 tikus galur hamil (Rattus Norvegicus sp) yang dibagi
menjadi 4 grup (Grup A sebagai kontrol negatif (normal), Grup B sebagai kontrol
positif yaitu tikus hamil yang diberikan injeksi LPS, Grup C sebagai perlakuan
diberikan injeksi LPS dan madu 0,015 % v/v, dan Grup D sebagai perlakuan
diberikan injeksi LPS dan 0,06 % v/v). Pada hari ke-5 kehamilan diberikan injeksi
LPS intravena pada ekor tikus grup B, C dan D. Dilakukan monitoring tekanan
darah sistolik pada tikus pada pagi hari (puku l 08.00 - 10.00) dievaluasi setiap
hari. Pemberian madu pada grup C dan D diberikan segera setelah timbul
peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik pada tikus. Pemberian madu diberikan peroral
setiap hari sampai hari ke 19 kehamilan. Pada hari ke-20 dilakukan pengambilan
sampel serum darah vena ekor pada seluruh grup dan diperiksa dengan ELISA
metode kuantitatif.
Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan berat badan pada tikus preeklamsia grup C dan D
( p = 0,76; p = 0,76 ). Terdapat perbedaan TDS, TDD dan MAP setelah pemberian
madu pada tikus preeklamsia grup C dan D ( TDS, p = 0,03; p = 0,08; TDD, p =
0,01; p = 0,02; MAP, p = 0,01; p = 0,002 ). Pemberian madu menurunkan tekanan
darah, MAP, sFlt-1, sEng, dan proteinuria secara bermakna pada tikus
preeklamsia, dan pemberian dosis madu yang lebih besar berdampak terhadap
penguatan efek madu dalam menurunkan tekanan darah, MAP, sFlt-1,sEng (p =
0,012) dan proteinuria. Pemberian madu meningkatkan kadar VEGF secara
bermakna pada tikus preeklamsia (p = 0,034) dan meningkatkan kadar PlGF
secara bermakna pada tikus preeklamsia baik pada grup C dan D (p = 0,005; p =
0,004). Pemberian madu menurunkan rasio sFlt/PlGF secara bermakna pada tikuspreeklamsia baik pada grup C dan D ( p = 0,006; p = 0,009), menurunkan kadar
IL-6 secara bermakna pada tikus preeklamsia baik pada grup C dan D ( p < 0,001;
p < 0,01), menurunkan kadar TNF-α secara bermakna pada tikus preeklamsia baik
pada grup C dan D ( p = 0,002; p = 0,029). Terdapat perbedaan proteinuria pada
tikus preeklamsia, grup C dan D ( p < 0,001; p < 0,001; p < 0,001).
Simpulan: pemberian madu pada preeklamsia dapat menurunkan tekanan darah,
Mean Arterial Pressure, sFlt-1, sEng, IL-6, TNF-α, rasio sFlt-1/PlGF, dan
proteinuria serta dapat meningkatkan VEGF dan PlGF.268 HalamanDisertasi Dokto
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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