1,705 research outputs found
Driven dissipative dynamics in an open many-body quantum system
No full textIn a large variety of systems in nature, a small change of an external parameter around a critical value could affect the microscopic dynamics in such a deep way that the entire system changes sharply its macroscopic state and properties, experiencing what is known as a phase transition. Non equilibrium phase transitions are a particular class of phase transitions which occur in systems far from the thermal equilibrium. An example is that of absorbing state phase transitions, in which the behaviour of the system is determined by the competition of two processes, where one increases the order parameter of the transition, while the other lowers it. The system thus ends in one of two different states, either an oscillating state, or an absorbing state in which the order parameter equals zero and from which the system cannot escape. An example is represented by the infectious spreading of a disease, in which the two processes are the infection and the spontaneous healing, while the two final states are a partially infected or a completely healed population
TUTELA DEL LAVORO E LIBERTA' D'IMPRESA NEI PROCESSI DI ESTERNALIZZAZIONE
No full textL’elaborato analizza le conseguenze lavoristiche della successione fra imprenditori, muovendo da una ricognizione delle varie tipologie di esternalizzazione con le relative esigenze e principali criticità.
L’indagine si concentra in primo luogo sul trasferimento d’azienda, esaminando la normativa e la giurisprudenza europee per passare poi alla disciplina di diritto interno, alle procedure sindacali e a uno specifico focus sul trasferimento delle aziende in crisi.
Successivamente l’autore si sofferma sull’appalto, prendendone in particolare considerazione gli indici di genuinità, i criteri di distinzione dalla somministrazione illecita di manodopera e la tutela delle maestranze in caso di avvicendamento fra imprese.
Da ultimo, la ricerca approfondisce le c.d. “clausole sociali”, sia di prima che di seconda generazione, valutandone la compatibilità con il diritto eurounitario e con la costituzione nonché riflettendo sui possibili rimedi in caso di loro violazione.The author analyzes the labour consequences of the succession between entrepreneurs, starting from a recognition of the various types of outsourcing with the related needs and main critical issues.
The survey focuses primarily on the transfer of businesses, examining European legislation and case-law and then moving on to internal legislation, trade union procedures and a specific focus on the transfer of companies in crisis.
The author then dwells on the contract, taking into account in particular the indications of authenticity, the criteria of distinction from the illicit administration of labour and the protection of workers in the event of turnover between companies.
Finally, the research deepens the "social clauses", both first and second generation, assessing their compatibility with European law and with the constitution and reflecting on possible remedies in case of their violation
Optical Gain Switching by Thermo‐Responsive Light‐Emitting Nanofibers through Moisture Sorption Swelling
No full textThe development of intelligent photonic systems made of stimuli-responsive materials, i.e., with features tunable and switchable by environmental signals, is gaining increasing attention. Here, the study reports on switchable optical gain based on complex arrays of nanofibers made of thermo-responsive poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline), incorporating a blue-emitting chromophore. The fluorescent component endows the nanofibers with optical gain in addition to the moisture absorption capability of the polymer. Light amplification is found with temperature- and humidity-dependent excitation threshold. The threshold value is halved close to the polymer cloud point temperature, enabling reversible switching of the emission intensity upon temperature change. Waveguiding analysis by back-focal plane imaging on individual fibers allows the switching mechanisms to be rationalized, in terms of moisture sorption swelling-induced morphological changes. These responsive light-emitting nanofibers may find application in a novel class of lasers with dynamically-controlled properties, environmentally-switchable optoelectronics, and smart sensors
Ultra Low Carbon Vehicles: New Parameters for Automotive Design
No full textAs the influence of vehicle emissions on our environment has become better understood, the UK government has recently placed urgent emphasis on the implementation of low carbon
technologies in the automotive industry through: the UK Low Carbon Industrial Strategy. The overall objective is to offer big incentives to consumers and support for the development of infrastructure and engineering solutions. This scheme however does not consider how the development of functional and experiential user value might drive consumer demand, contributing to the adoption of low carbon vehicles (LCVs) in the mass market.
With the emergence of the North East of England as the UK’s first specialised region for the development of ultra-low carbon vehicles (ULCVs), ONE North East, as a development agency for the region's economic and business development, and Northumbria University Ideas-lab have supported a project to facilitate innovation through the collaboration of technology, research and development (R&D) and business. The High Value Low Carbon (HVLC) project aims to envisage
new user value made possible by the integration of low carbon vehicle platforms with new process and network technologies. The HVLC consortium represents vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers as well as technology based companies and through an ongoing process of design concept generation the project offers a hub for innovation led enterprise.
Whilst new technological developments in areas such as power generation, nano materials, hydrogen fuel cells, printed electronics and networked communications will all impact on future automotive design, the mass adoption of low carbon technologies represents a paradigm shift for the motorist. This paper aims to describe how the mapping of new parameters will lead to new transport scenarios that will create the space for new collaborative research on user experiences supported by innovative technologies and related services
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Matteo Maria Boiardo (1441-1494)
No full textMatteo Maria Boiardo – contemporary of Sir Thomas Malory and forerunner of Shakespeare, Spenser, Milton, Cervantes, Tolkien, and C.S. Lewis – is best known as the author of the Orlando Innamorato [Orlando in Love], a poem in ottava rima organically merging Carolingian epic and Arthurian romance. He was also a lyric and pastoral poet, playwright, and translator of classical texts into the Italian vernacular. Matteo was active in Italy during the years of 1463 throughout 1494, the year of his death
Uno sguardo all'Est. Lavoro e diritti fondamentali in Russia e negli altri Paesi della Comunità di Stati indipendenti
No full textNel contributo l'autore, dopo aver esaminato i diritti fondamentali del lavoro presenti nelle Costituzioni dei Paesi della Comunità di Stati indipendenti, si sofferma sul diritto del lavoro russo. La trattazione, a carattere diacronico, abbraccia i rami principali del diritto del lavoro: il rapporto individuale, le relazioni collettive, il mercato del lavoro. L'autore rileva una sorprendente continuità nelle linee essenziali del diritto del lavoro russo, pur nel susseguirsi di sistemi socioeconomici completamente diversi. Egli conclude che il diritto del lavoro russo appartiene saldamente alla matrice europea della materia.The contribution of the author starts by examining fundamental labour rights recognised by the Constitutions of the Countries of the Community of Independent States. Then the author focuses upon Russian Labour Law, going through the history of the main branches of the discipline: the individual relationship, industrial relations, the labour market. The article finds a surprising continuity in the essential lines of Russian Labour Law, in spite of the completely different socio-economic systems that were experimented in Russia during the twentieth century. The author concludes that Russian Labour Law clearly belongs to the European matrix of the discipline
Corpo, spazio, architettura. Fenomenologia dell’esperienza spaziale Matteo Vegetti, Fabrizia Bandi (eds.), Editrice Morcelliana, Brescia 2024
No full textThe author reviews "Corpo, spazio, architettura: Fenomenologia dell’esperienza spaziale," edited by Matteo Vegetti and Fabrizia Bandi. The book examines the philosophical underpinnings of spatial experience through a phenomenological lens, engaging with both traditional and contemporary notions of how space, body, and architecture interconnect. The author highlights the text\u27s exploration of how architects and designers might integrate phenomenological insights into their work, transforming space from mere physical dimensions into lived, experienced reality. The review appreciates the book’s thematic organization, which starts with foundational theories from Merleau-Ponty and expands through discussions on virtual spaces and the future of architecture in the digital age. Through this anthology, readers gain a comprehensive view of the architectural implications of phenomenological thought, making it a critical resource for anyone involved in the conceptualization and design of space
Experimental signatures of an absorbing-state phase transition in an open driven many-body quantum system
No full textUnderstanding and probing phase transitions in non-equilibrium systems is an ongoing challenge in physics. A particular instance are phase transitions that occur between a non-fluctuating absorbing phase, e.g., an extinct population, and one in which the relevant order parameter, such as the population density, assumes a finite value. Here we report the observation of signatures of such a non-equilibrium phase transition in an open driven quantum system. In our experiment rubidium atoms in a quasi one-dimensional cold disordered gas are laser-excited to Rydberg states under so-called facilitation conditions. This conditional excitation process competes with spontaneous decay and leads to a crossover between a stationary state with no excitations and one with a finite number of excitations. We relate the underlying physics to that of an absorbing state phase transition in the presence of a field (i.e. off-resonant excitation processes) which slightly offsets the system from criticality. We observe a characteristic power-law scaling of the Rydberg excitation density as well as increased fluctuations close to the transition point. Furthermore, we argue that the observed transition relies on the presence of atomic motion which introduces annealed disorder into the system and enables the formation of long-ranged correlations. Our study paves the road for future investigations into the largely unexplored physics of non-equilibrium phase transitions in open many-body quantum systems
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