115 research outputs found
¿Era la industria eléctrica de entreguerras un monopolio natural? Evidencia a partir de la Sociedad Hidroeléctrica Española
Get PDFEn los últimos años se ha cuestionado la condición de monopolio natural de la industria eléctrica. La fase de generación ya no es considerada como un monopolio natural, y se debate que la fase de distribución lo sea. Este trabajo parte de las principales aportaciones que se han realizado desde la teoría industrial en vistas a su aplicación a la Sociedad Hidroeléctrica Española, como empresa significativa de la industria eléctrica española del período de entreguerras. El resultado del análisis ha confirmado el carácter de monopolio natural de cada una de las fases de generación, transporte y distribución. Dado que la industria eléctrica del período de entreguerras presentaba una estructura monopolística, estos resultados indican que era el tipo de organización óptima.Over the past two decades it has been questioned whether the electric utility
industry is a natural monopoly. Electricity generation is no longer considered a natural monopoly and the topic is debated in relation to electricity distribution.
This article explores the main contributions in this field in order to apply their
findings to the Spanish Electric Utility Industry in the inter-war period. The study
focuses on one of the major Spanish companies, Sociedad Hidroeléctrica Española,
and shows that generation, transmission and distribution of electricity were natural monopolies. The results indicate that the monopolistic structure which the inter-war electric utility industry exhibited was the optimal form of organisation.Publicad
KEEFEKTIFAN TEKNIK LATIHAN ASERTIF UNTUK MENGURANGI PERILAKU AGRESIF SISWA SMA LABORATORIUM UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG
No full textABSTRAK Aisa, Anna. 2013. Keefektifan Teknik Latihan Asertif untuk Mengurangi Perilaku Agresif Siswa SMA Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Malang. Skripsi, Jurusan Bimbingan dan Konseling, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Dr. Triyono, M.Pd. (II) Drs. Hariadi Kusumo, M Pd. Kata Kunci : perilaku agresif, latihan asertif, siswa SMA Perilaku agresif adalah sebuah tindakan kekerasan baik secara fisik maupun secara verbal yang disengaja dilakukan oleh individu atau kelompok terhadap orang lain atau objek-objek lain dengan tujuan untuk melukai secara fisik maupun psikis. Aksi-aksi kekerasan yang sering dilakukan remaja sebenarnya adalah prilaku agresif dari diri individu atau kelompok. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan bantuan yang efektif untuk mengurangi perilaku agresif siswa SMA Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Malang. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan latihan asertif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas latihan asertif untuk mengurangi perilaku agresif siswa SMA Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian pre experimental design dengan jenis One Group Pretest and Posttest design. Eksperimen dilaksanakan pada satu kelompok tanpa kelompok pembanding. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara memberikan pretest kepada sekelompok individu yang memiliki perilaku agresif tinggi, treatment berupa latihan asertif, dan posttest berupa skala perilaku agresif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMA Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Malang kelas XI yang memiliki perilaku agresif tinggi, berjumlah 7 orang siswa. Data skala perilaku agresif dianalisis dengan uji statistik non-parametrik Wilcoxon untuk mengetahui perbedaan perilaku agresif siswa sebelum dan sesudah pemberian treatmen. Nilai probability error kurang dari 0,05 (p=0.01
Ghargham a kar mai-a Tarihi-a Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram, 1497 – 1504 (The history, leadership and legacy of Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram, 1497 – 1504)
Get PDFThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Hauwa Usman (Local Project Manager), Alhaji Abubakar Maikudi Aishat (General Field Facilitator). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Project Director and the Former Director of African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These collections of Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s Ajami Library.
Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).
Materials in this web edition may be cited as: Kurfi, M. H., Hauwa U., Ngom, F., and Castro, E. (2020). African Ajami Library: Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41953. For Inquiries: Please Contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance / Custodial history: This document is owned by Shehu Shettima Buba Babagana of Maiduguri, Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria. It is complete and not bound. It is numbered using the Arabic numbering system. Typed with a machine, the author used the Mashriqi script.This text written in 2018 is a rare Kanuri Ajami document. It contains a biography of the leadership and legacy of Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram – the Kanem-Bornu legendary figure who ruled under the famous Sayfawa dynasty (1497–1504). Historically, the introduction of Arabic script to Northern Nigeria can be traced as far back as the 11th century, starting with the Kanuri people. This text starts with a brief history of the Sayfawa dynasty and then discusses the influence of the Kanem-Bornu empire in the region, highlighting the successes it had achieved, especially in spreading Islam. The document then deals with the life and legacy of Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram. There are very few known written sources on Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram. Oral traditions hold that this legendary figure played a significant role in the formation and ruling of the Kanem-Bornu Kingdom. Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram was the mother of the famous ruler Mai [Emir/King] Idris Alooma, who was too young to reign at first, and as a result she ruled the Kingdom for seven years. It is reported that she would dress like a man to receive education amidst male counterparts and would go to the battlefields. It was believed that during her reign, the Kanem-Bornu had stabilized, which paved the way for her son to take over the mantle of leadership after her. Aisa Kǝli Ngǝrmaram was educated in the Islamic tradition and she mentored her son (the future king/Mai) to be educated in the tradition as well.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
Spectral solar cloud top radiance measured by airborne spectral imaging (AISA Eagle) during the HALO-(AC)³ campaign in 2022
No full textIn this dataset we provide hyper-spectral fields of visible and near infrared cloud top radiance observed by the AISA Eagle instrument. This instrument was part of the HALO-(AC)³ campaign in March/April 2022. The dataset contains hyperspectral fields of visible and near infrared cloud top radiance observed. AISA Eagle uses a single-line push broom sensor comprising 1024 across-track pixels, it captures measurements of 2D fields of upward radiance across 504 channels spanning wavelengths from 400 nm to 993 nm. Featuring a 36.3° field of view (FOV), it achieves a spatial resolution below 1 meter for targets positioned 1 kilometer away. Throughout HALO-(AC)³, it operated at a frame rate of 20 Hz
Sentinel-2 and AISA Airborne Hyperspectral Images for Mediterranean Shrubland Mapping in Catalonia
No full textThe Mediterranean ecosystem exhibits a particular geology and climate, which is characterized by mild, rainy winters and long, very hot summers with low precipitation; it has led to the emergence of resilient plant species. Such habitats contain a preponderance of shrubs, and collectively harbor 10% of the Earth’s species, thus containing some of the most unique shrubby formations protecting against environmental natural degradation. Due to shrub species diversity, initial phases of forestland, heterogenous grasses, bare ground and stones, the monitoring of such areas is difficult. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to assess semi-automatic classifications of the shrubby formations based on multispectral Sentinel-2 and visible and near infrared (VINR) AISA-EAGLE II hyperspectral airborne images with a support of Canopy High Model (CHM) as a three-dimensional information and field-verified patterns, based on Match-T/DSM and aerial photos. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers have been tested on a few scenarios featuring different combinations of spectral and Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) transformed bands and vegetation indices. Referring to the results, the average overall accuracy for the SVM and AISA images (all tested data sets) was 78.23%, and for the RF: 79.85%. In the case of Sentinel-2, the SVM classifier obtained an average value of 83.63%, while RF: 85.32%; however, in the case of the shrubland, we would like to recommend the RF classifier, because the highest mean value of F1-score achieved was 91.86% (SVM offered few-percent-point worse results), and the required training time was quicker than SVM. Commonly available Sentinel-2 data offered higher accuracies for shrubland monitoring than did the airborne VNIR data
Book Review: Inclusive Development in Africa: Transformation of Global Relations
No full textBook Title: Inclusive Development in Africa: Transformation of Global RelationsBook Author: Vusi Gumede (Ed.)2018. AISA & CODESRIA, 321 pp. AISA ISBN: 978-0-7983-0520-4. CODESRIA ISBN: 978-2-86978-756-8
Can you patent the sun? The Covid-SARS-19 as a chance to rethink the relationship between Intellectual Property and Commons
No full textThis work argues that the Covid-19 vaccine should be considered as a Commons, something that is managed and owned by the public at large, and not as private property – exclusivity - of pharmaceutical companies.
The reasons of such a strong argument – in particular the conspicuous public funding contribution and the search for a human and equity-oriented Global Health Security - are investigated in this work through a methodological approach which analyzes legislation, case-law and secondary sources, mostly in relation to the United States and the European Union, but also focusing on the international community as a whole.
Although there are different forms of intellectual property, the main focus of this work is on patents and, in a smaller part, trade secrets, considering that these are the main instruments through which pharmaceuticals, such as vaccines, are protected. It is true that, from a legal perspective, vaccines can be patented, leading to questionable practices in the pharmaceutical industry, such as patent thickets and strategic accumulations, and they can be covered by trade secrets, whose owners do not seem inclined to consider the disclosure as an option, even when this would benefit the public at large.
However, an alternative path, which would result in the theorization of a Commons for the vaccine, can be pursued. Indeed, it is noted that this invention would satisfy the two requirements that every Commons should have to be defined as such: being potentially owned in a private way; being managed more efficiently by the public at large.
In particular, considering that the actual types of Commons in the intellectual property law field - the public domain, exceptions/limitations to patents, or open innovation instruments such as IP pledges – present some issues in relation to enforceability, this dissertation, building on the work of the author Dusollier, advances the idea that from the inclusivity, which is the typical feature of every Commons, an inclusive right can be envisaged and applied in the context of the vaccine, while rethinking the relationship between intellectual property and Commons. Although this is - for now - a theoretical speculation without proper legal grounds, it can provide inputs to the current discussion about the waiver of IP rights that has been proposed at the WTO level and has been already the object of attention of the civil society at large.
This dissertation has been awarded by AISA (Italian Association for the promotion of Open Science) as one of the Outstanding Dissertations in the Open Science field written in the years 2020, 2021 and 2022.This dissertation is dated December 2021
Investigation of the neuroprotective effects of Haskap berry (Lonicera caerulea) extract on Caenorhabditis elegans
Get PDFAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia in Canada. Many researchers are investigating therapeutic options for the prevention and treatments of AD using natural plant-based sources i.e. superfoods.Haskap berries (HBs) (Fig. 1) are originally native to Siberia and northeastern Asia but have recently expanded to the Canadian market.The compounds found in HBs, such as the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), have demonstrated in purified in vitro studies to have beneficial effects on lifespan, development, and neuronal growth. Research goals of this project are to continue previous work into the investigation of the effects of Haskap Berry Extract (HBE) on C. elegans and determine if HBE has neuroprotective effects in C. elegans, in terms of delaying the onset of phenotypic symptoms, and reducing the accumulation of Aβ plaques.This poster won an Associate Vice-President, Research, Engagement, and Graduate Studies award (2020). Advisor: Dr. Nathan Bialas, Department of Biology
Macroalgae and eelgrass mapping in Great Bay Estuary using AISA hyperspectral imagery
Get PDFIncrease in nitrogen concentration and declining eelgrass beds in Great Bay Estuary have been observed in the last decades. These two parameters are clear indicators of the impending problems for NH’s estuaries. The NH Department of Environmental Services (DES) in collaboration with the New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) adopted the assumption that eelgrass survival can be used as the water quality target for nutrient criteria development for NH’s estuaries. One of the hypotheses put forward regarding eelgrass decline is that a possible eutrophication response to nutrient increases in the Great Bay Estuary has been the proliferation of nuisance macroalgae, which has reduced eelgrass area in Great Bay Estuary. To test this hypothesis, mapping of eelgrass and nuisance macroalgae beds using hyperspectral imagery was suggested. A hyperspectral imagery was conducted by SpecTIR in August 2007 using an AISA Eagle sensor. The collected dataset was used to map eelgrass and nuisance macroalgae throughout the Great Bay Estuary. This report outlines the configured procedure for mapping the macroalgae and eelgrass beds using hyperspectral imagery. No ground truth measurements of eelgrass or macroalgae were collected as part of this project, although eelgrass ground truth data was collected as part of a separate project. Guidance from eelgrass and macroalgae experts was used for identifying training sets and evaluating the classification results. The results produced a comprehensive eelgrass and macroalgae map of the estuary. Three recommendations are suggested following the experience gained in this study: conducting ground truth measurements at the time of the HS survey, acquiring the current DEM model of Great Bay Estuary, and examining additional HS datasets with expert eelgrass and macroalgae guidance. These three issues can improve the classification results and allow more advanced applications, such as identification of macroalgae types
LAYANAN CYBERCOUNSELING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Get PDFKondisi pandemi COVID-19 memaksa peralihan konseling tatap muka menjadi konseling daring (dalam jaringan) atau dalam istilah bimbingan dan konseling disebut cybercounseling. Terlebih lagi dengan adanya Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dari pemerintah membuat kebutuhan konseling secara daring menjadi bertambah besar. Hal ini tentunya menjadi solusi saat permasalahan psikologis memerlukan penyelesaian dengan segera. Hanya saja sejauhmana layanan cybercounseling ini bisa diterapkan oleh konselor pendidikan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan cybercounseling pada masa pandemi, serta bagaimana proses dan media yang dapat digunakan oleh konselor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa studi kepustakaan, terutama pada beberapa buku dan artikel yang secara khusus membahas cybercounseling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses cybercounseling kurang lebih sama dengan proses konseling secara tatap muka namun yang perlu dipehatikan yakni pada tahap persiapan mencakup tersedianya perangkattkerast (hardware) tdan tperangkat lunakt (software) tyangtmendukung dan memadai. Sedangkan media cybercounseling dapat berbentuktwebsite/situs, telephone/handphone, temail, tchat, tinstanttmessaging, tjejaring sosial dantvideo conferencing. Kelebihan dari cybercounseling ialah dapat diakses di mana saja pada waktu yang sesuai, konselortdapat mengjangkau paratkonseli secara lebih luas, Konselor dan konseli dapat melaksanakan konseling kapan dan dimana saja atas dasar kesepakatan bersama, Walaupun tanpa teramati isyarat verbal dan fisik, tetapi kebanyakan konseli lebih mudah dalam mencurahkan pikiran dan perasaan yang mereka rasakan. sedangkan kelemahannya adalah diagnosis yang dilakukan menjadi tidak akurat dan pemberian intervensi menjadi tidak efektif karena petunjuk dan arahan yang diberikan menjadi kurang spesifik dan informasi non verbal menjadi sulit untuk diberikan
- …
