1,721,051 research outputs found

    Differential effects of gamma interferon on expression of HLA class II molecules controlled by the DR and DC loci.

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    Interferon-gamma affected the expression of the products of the immunoassociated antigen complex by a differential modulation of DR- and DC-locus-controlled molecules. In melanoma M14 cells treated with interferon-gamma, levels of DR molecules were increased two- to threefold, whereas levels of DC molecules were increased six- to sevenfold. Similar effects were induced on the two allelic products of each locus

    Differences in the expression and release of DR, BR, and DQ molecules in human cells treated with recombinant interferon gamma: comparison to other interferons

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    This study presents a comparative analysis of the effects of different interferons tlFNJ on the three recognizable subsets of human HLA class II molecules: DR, BR, and DQ. Both cellular expression and shedding of class II molecules have been determined on three different cell type.*. The results can be summarized as follows: class II molecules are marked!~ increased by IFN gamma: IFN beta has a lower enhancing effect, and IFN alpha has only a slight, if any, effect. Kinetically, the action of IFN gamma is prompter and longer lasting than that of IFN beta. DQ expression is much more enhanced by IFN gamma than either DR or BR: IFN beta has the same effect on all three subsets. Parallel changes of the cellular expression and of the shedding of these molecules are observed. A melanoma and a lymphob/astoid cell line and perzpheral blood mononuclear cells show qualitatively similar modificatio

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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