1,721,555 research outputs found
Drought and heavy metal tolerance in perennial biomass crops
No full textPer produrre una biomassa sostenibile, le colture di biomassa perenne, ad esempio il miscanto, la canna gigante e l'ortica, hanno ruoli importanti e necessari per la bioeconomia, riducendo al minimo i potenziali effetti negativi. Queste colture da biomassa hanno le seguenti caratteristiche: 1) elevato rapporto tra produzione energetica e input, bassa necessità di interventi agronomici come l'irrigazione, 2) capacità di crescere su terreni marginali sottoutilizzati per ridurre al minimo la pressione sulla produzione alimentare, 3) maggiori opportunità di sviluppo rurale e diversificazione. Pertanto, è essenziale creare colture energetiche che abbiano rese elevate e siano resistenti alle sfide ambientali. In particolare, la siccità e i metalli pesanti sono uno dei maggiori fattori che riducono la produttività delle colture a livello globale e possono contribuire a rendere marginale la terra. Allo stesso modo, la co-coltura di ortica e pioppo può essere l'approccio migliore per aiutare lo stress ambientale, ad esempio la siccità, e negli ultimi anni ha ricevuto una seria attenzione sull'agricoltura diversificata per utilizzare le risorse in modo efficiente rispetto al sistema di coltivazione della sola coltura. La tesi contiene un totale di sei capitoli tra cui l'introduzione generale (capitolo 1) e la discussione generale (capitolo 6). Nella prima parte (capitolo 2°) di questo lavoro, è stato studiato per selezionare la linea ibrida di Miscanthus e il clone di canna gigante più tolleranti tra i sette ibridi e cloni rispettivamente sotto stress di siccità e zinco (Zn). In questo lavoro sono stati analizzati diversi parametri morfologici, fisiologici e biochimici e conclusi sulla base dell'analisi delle componenti principali (PCA) e dell'analisi dei cluster gerarchici (HCA) in base al loro valore dell'indice di tolleranza allo stress (STI).
La seconda parte (capitolo 3) di questo lavoro considera il genotipo di Miscanthus più tollerante contro la siccità e lo stress Zn dal nostro studio precedente, sotto siccità, solo stress Zn e combinazione di entrambi gli stress. In questo studio abbiamo mirato a capire se la linea ibrida di Miscanthus più tollerante nei confronti della siccità e dello Zn possa fornire tolleranza a combinazioni di stress sulla base di parametri metabolomici, di scambio gassoso, morfologici e fisiologici.
La terza parte (capitolo 4) di questo lavoro era simile al nostro primo lavoro, ma abbiamo usato le piante di ortica invece di Miscanthus e canna gigante sotto siccità e Zn stress. Lo scopo di questo studio di selezionare il genotipo di ortica più tollerante tra i sette cloni sottoposti a siccità e Zn stress sulla base di numerosi parametri morfologici, fisiologici e biochimici e infine per la quantificazione dei metalli nel germoglio di ortica, ICP-MS sono stati eseguiti. E concludere sulla base di PCA e HCA in base al valore STI.
L'ultima parte (capitolo 5) del lavoro ha indagato le potenzialità dell'ortica e del pioppo nelle co-colture durante lo stress da siccità. In questo studio abbiamo mirato a verificare le diverse interazioni sotterranee nelle co-colture e le loro biomasse per concludere che le co-colture aiutano o meno nella resistenza allo stress da siccità e il loro potenziale di resa. In questo studio abbiamo eseguito l'analisi microbiologica (dsDNA ed enzimatica), C/N, architettura della radice, fluorescenza e diversi parametri morfologici e abbiamo concluso sulla base dell'analisi decisionale a criteri multipli (MCDA)To produce a sustainable biomass, perennial biomass crops for instance Miscanthus, giant reed and nettle have important roles and necessary for the bio-economy while also minimizing any potential negative effects. These biomass crops have the following characteristics: 1) High energy output to input ratios, a low need for agronomic interventions like irrigation, 2) ability to grow on underutilized marginal land to minimize pressure on food production, 3) expanding opportunities for rural development and diversification. Therefore, it is essential to create energy crops that have high yields and are resistant to environmental challenges. Particularly, drought and heavy metals is one of the biggest factors reducing crop productivity globally and may contribute to land becoming marginal. Similarly co-cropping of nettle and poplar may be the best approach to assist the environmental stress for instance drought and got a serious attention in recent years on diversified agriculture to utilize the resources in efficient way as compared to sole-cropping cropping system. Thesis contains total six chapters including the general introduction (chapter 1st) and general discussion (chapter 6th).
In the first part (chapter 2nd) of this work, it was investigated to select the most tolerant Miscanthus hybrid line and giant reed clone among the seven hybrids and clones respectively under drought and zinc (Zn) stress. In this work several morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were analysed and conclude on the basis of Principal component analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) base on their stress tolerance index (STI) value.
The second part (chapter 3rd) of this work consider the most tolerant genotype of Miscanthus against drought and Zn stress from our previous study, under drought, Zn stress alone and combination of both stress. In this study we aimed to understand whether the most tolerant hybrid line of Miscanthus against drought and Zn may deliver tolerance to combinations of stress on the basis of metabolomics, gas exchange, morphological and physiological parameters.
The third part (chapter 4th) of this work was similar to our first work, but hare we used the nettle plants instead of Miscanthus and giant reed under drought and Zn stress. The aimed of this study to select the most tolerant genotype of nettle among the seven clones under drought and Zn stress on the basis of several morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters and finally for the quantification of the metals in the shoot of nettle, ICP-MS were performed. And conclude on the basis of PCA and HCA based on the STI value.
The last part (chapter 5th) of the work investigated the potentialities of nettles and poplar in co-cropping cultures during the drought stress. In this study we aimed to check the several belowground interaction in co-cropping and their biomasses to conclude that either the co-crop help in the resistance of drought stress or not and their yield potentials. In this study we performed the microbiological analysis (dsDNA and enzymatic), C/N, root architecture, fluorescence and several morphological parameters and conclude on the basis of multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA
Bridging Risk Perception and Actions: Behavioral Determinants for Climate Adaptation and Ecological Energy Transition in Italy
No full textThis PhD dissertation investigates an in-depth examination of behavioral factors, institutional elements, and policy aspects within the Italian frameworks for climate change adaptation and energy transition. Three interconnected research studies are presented using different analytical approaches. The first part of the article (Chapter 1) identifies behavioral gaps in flood risk perception and proposes interventions to address them. Part 2 presents an empirical application and methodology of the thesis. Chapter 2 presents a framework for selecting economic models, and Chapter 3 develops a quantitative framework for assessing public behavior responses to the energy transition. Using the COM-B framework, Chapter 4 examines the factors that influence the adaptation of agricultural farms to extreme events by integrating cognitive, economic, and political factors. To close the perception-action gap, behavioral interventions and systemic analyses are combined in a scalable model. There has been a significant advance in the development of methods related to GSEM/SEM applications and behavioral typology. These findings offer crucial guidance for EU strategies, including the Farm to Fork Strategy and the European Green Deal. They provide policy tools, including a framework for diagnosing problems and establishing evidence-based standards for intervention measures
Growth Dynamics of Sulfur Emissions in the Case of SAARC Countries
No full textClimate change is the hotspot of every political and economic debate around the world. Its impacts are severe, and developing countries are highly vulnerable. Greenhouse gas emissions are growing because of economic expansion and an ever-expanding population. Using a fully modified OLS estimator, this study evaluated the link between sulfur emissions (SO2) and economic indices in SAARC nations. In addition, the study included panel data from SAARC nations from 1975 to 2018. For the long-run connection between variables, the study used panel unit root and cointegration tests. The study also included a trend analysis to comprehend the dataset's monotone tendency. The findings signify that the GDP growth has negatively influenced SO2 emissions. Therefore, foreign direct investment, trade openness, electric energy production, and population growth positively relate to SO2 emissions. The SAARC countries will promote sustainable economic growth because GDP growth is not influencing greenhouse gases. The demand for energy in SAARC countries is growing by with increasing population and economic growth by integrating different economic corridors in the Asia region, which affects environmental quality through increased economic activities. All the nations need to increase renewable resources for energy generation; otherwise, the problem of the environment remains unsolved. SAARC countries need to change the goods mix in international trade and avoid dirty imports and exports to adopt market-based policies
Learning Long Lasting Skills in Current Era
No full textThe need of the information society coupled with the technology advancement created necessary conditions to explore alternatives for lifelong learning. Because knowledge is doubled in every seven the shelf life of degrees is shrinking rapidly, thereby indicating that a worker is supposed to acquire promptly and most accurately, to prove him herself most workmen. Latest advancements in different fields of knowledge and technology have also facilitated the liberalization of economic policies, privatization and globalization. As a result, the industry is motivated for quality upgradation, emergence of collaborations and joint ventures, rigorous training programmes, downsizing of workforce, improving work environment and professional management forcing a worker to be lifelong learner for updating the knowledge and skills. Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "Learning Long Lasting Skills in Current Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26375.pd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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