3 research outputs found
THE INFLUENCE OF CHANCE AND TIME IN THE SHAPING OF MAN’S DESTINY
No full textIn Thomas Herdy’s fourth novel: Far from the Madding crowd,the citizen’s “Then” is the rustic’s “now”’. Thus a changeless rigid and uncompromising village is set against human beings who can never remain immobile!. it is this scene that shapes the action in the novel. Time and chance are the cords that binds all the episodes concerning each character irrevocably to them. Bathsheba Everdeen , the heroine , and all the major characters are thoroughly ‘beaten “by time and chance. The author successfully uses time and chance to subdue Everdeen to a mature, disillusioned and knowledgeable adult. One can see that time and chance indeed happen to all. At work is an impilicit moral judgement which appears to work against the society, or the inscrutable nature of the universe with its chance of destruction or reform. And man often finds it difficult which is preferable!. The lesson here is man, like Gabriel Oak, through sheer initiatives, endurance and ability to adapt in spite of time and chance, should reach out through to a successful and happy position/ending in life
A MYTHICAL ARCHETYPAL FORM
No full textMyths and Archetypes, among others, are two major aspects of Oral literature which serve as useful raw materials for the artists alike. While Archetype is a primodal image of a figure, a thing or even a process, which repeats itself in the course of history. Myth is a fabulous story offering explanations and convictions of a people about such archetype figures and other metaphysical phenomena. Obaloyan, an erstwtule very big and popular town in history, is reduced to mere village by the activities of super-gnomes. The myth surrounding this incident has spanned several decades. This work confirms the potency and efficacy or otherwise of myths, legends, and Archetype as very useful raw materials for the narrators, artists and artiste
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
No full textBackground
The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy.
Methods
In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation.
Results
Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89·6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60·6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0·17, 95 per cent c.i. 0·14 to 0·21, P < 0·001) or low (363 of 860, 42·2 per cent; OR 0·08, 0·07 to 0·10, P < 0·001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high‐HDI countries (risk difference −9·4 (95 per cent c.i. −11·9 to −6·9) per cent; P < 0·001), but the relationship was reversed in low‐HDI countries (+12·1 (+7·0 to +17·3) per cent; P < 0·001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30‐day perioperative mortality (OR 0·60, 0·50 to 0·73; P < 0·001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low‐ and middle‐HDI countries.
Conclusion
Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low‐HDI countries was half that in high‐HDI countries
