Nnamdi Azikiwe University Journals
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ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENSITY AND INTERNAL BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY
No full textThe research work examined entrepreneurial intensity and internal business processes in the telecommunication industry. The specific objective of the study among others included to determine if proactiveness and risk taking influences process quality in Nigeria telecommunication industry. The study also examined if innovativeness influences process quality in Nigeria telecommunication industry. The study made use of survey research design that allow for the use of questionnaires to elicit data from the respondents. The population of study comprises 3050 top, middle and lower level managers and members of staff in the branches of the selected telecommunication companies. A sample size of 354 was determined using Taro Yamane method. The sample was drawn using a purposive sample technique. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages and regression analysis. Findings from the study reveal that there is significant relationship between proactiveness and process quality in Nigeria telecommunication industry. Risk taking positively and significantly influenced process quality while there is significant relationship between innovativeness and process quality in Nigeria telecommunication industry. The study recommends that management of firms in the telecommunication industry should instill entrepreneurial mindset among employees through training and learning related factors which are critical in developing entrepreneurial orientation. Government and all stakeholders should create a conducive business environment by proving adequate Security. Businesses need a supportive and favorable business environment to facilitate growth and sustainability
PERFORMANCE EFFECT OF MOBILE PAYMENT SYSTEMS ADOPTION: A STUDY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
No full textDespite the potential of mobile payment systems to mitigate risks associated with cash and facilitate trade, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Anambra State have been slow to fully adopt these innovations Hence, this study examined mobile payment systems and business performance of SMEs in Anambra State. The study was anchored on diffusion of innovation theory. The population of the study included unregistered SMEs in rural communities in Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The population size was infinite and was determined using Cochran\u27s formula and Taro yamane formula to arrive at a Sample Size of 236. The study used multi- stage sampling which included stratification, proportional probability sampling and Random selection. Data was collected qualitatively using a 5 point Likert scale questionnaire, analysed using correlation analysis, with the statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Hypothesis was tested at 5% level of significance. Correlation results confirmed a positive and statistically significant relationship between MPOS adoption and market expansion (r=0.634, p<0.01). The study concluded that mobile payment technologies are highly influential collective predictors of market expansion for rural SMEs. The study recommends prioritizing an aggressive strategy to intensify the strategic deployment and subsidy of mPOS devices across rural Anambra Stat
SKILLS NEEDED BY BUSINESS EDUCATORS FOR PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE MACHINES IN PUBLIC COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN ANAMBRA STATE
No full textThe study determined the skill needs of business educators for predictive maintenance of office machines in public colleges of education in Anambra State. One research question guided the study, and one null hypothesis was tested. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population of the study consisted of 83 business educators in two public colleges of education in Anambra State. The entire population was studied without sampling because the population was manageable. A structured questionnaire, which was validated by three experts, was used for data collection. Cronbach alpha was used to measure the internal consistency, which yielded an overall reliability coefficient of 0.72. The researcher administered 83 copies of the instrument with the help of four research assistants using the direct method on the respondents. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while the t-test was used to test the null hypothesis at a 0.05 level of significance. The outcome of the study disclosed that skills for predictive maintenance of office machines were highly needed by business educators in public colleges of education in Anambra State. Also, business educators did not differ significantly in their mean ratings on skills needed for predictive maintenance of office machines in public colleges of education in Anambra State based on institutional ownership. The study concluded that skills improvement for predictive maintenance of office machines were highly needed by business educators in colleges of education in Anambra State because they appear not to have the technical background to promptly identify machines that were not in good working conditions. Among others, it was recommended that business educators in colleges of education in Anambra State should undergo professional training and development programmes on predictive maintenance with servicing and maintenance companies to enable them quickly to detect, analyze, and handle issues affecting the usability of office machines before they break down
 
Nature’s Drugs Repositories: Myxobacteria and Actinomycetes as sources of novel antiviral agents against respiratory viruses - Coronavirus, Respiratory Syncytial virus and Influenza virus
No full textThe respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the influenza viruses (IV) and the coronaviruses (CoVs) have contributed remarkably to the global mortality profile, with a member of the coronavirus family, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infecting over 8 million individuals globally. Emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has set the course for research into the discovery and development of antiviral agents against these respiratory viruses. Several sources of antiviral therapy ranging from synthetic compounds, biomolecules and natural agents from plants, animals and humans are currently being considered, explored and tested for effective and efficient health therapy. In this review, we call attention to the discovery, development and deployment of bioactive agents from microbial sources, especially those from the Myxobacteria (MXB) and Actinomycetes (ATC) families. MXB and ATC are classes of bacteria microorganisms that largely specialize in producing bioactive substances. An appreciable variety of bioactive compounds sourced from these interesting microbes have been licensed and shown to demonstrate some remarkable biological activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, tumors, among others. There are yet untapped bioactive metabolites that reside in these microbes that possess potential for antiviral activity against these respiratory viruses. Herein we discuss some of them with the aim to guide fellow researchers into novel routes for discovery and development of antiviral agents against these respiratory viruses
INFLUENCE OF HYDROPHOBIC FLUID (PALM OIL) VARIETIES ON HYGROSCOPIC POTENTIALS OF FOUR VARIETIES OF CASSAVA GARRI AT VARYING STORAGE TEMPERATURES
No full textThis study examined the effects of palm oil varieties (Dura and Pisfera) and their quantities (15 ml, 30 ml, and 45 ml) on the hygroscopic properties of four garri varieties (Poundable, Gamechanger, TMS 1632, and TME 419) at temperatures of 35°C, 45°C, and 55°C. Moisture absorption was assessed by placing 5 g samples of each garri in water baths set at the specified temperatures. The weight of each sample was measured at 30-minute intervals until three consecutive measurements indicated equilibrium. Results revealed that palm oil significantly (p<0.05) reduced moisture absorption across all samples, with Dura oil generally providing a more effective moisture barrier than Pisfera. At 45 ml, Dura oil caused a slight increase (11.63%) in moisture uptake, suggesting saturation, while Pisfera stabilized, indicating different chemical interactions. TME 419 exhibited the lowest (1.8%) moisture absorption, demonstrating superior resistance, whereas TMS 1632 absorbed the most moisture. Elevated temperatures increased moisture uptake, especially in control samples without oil. Kinetic parameters (absorption rate constant, K1 and absorption capacity, K2) varied with temperature and variety, reflecting changes in diffusion rates. The K1 for Pisfera oil decreased from 19.67358 at 35°C to 7.388 at 55°C, while Dura oil decreased from 17.41483 to 10.866 over the same temperature range; conversely, K2 for Pisfera increased from 0.058013 to 0.096799, whereas Dura’s capacity decreased from 0.112241 to 0.058681 with rising temperature. Activation energy analyses showed Dura oil created a more resistant barrier, with values of 1.21 J/mol (TMS 1632), -0.5595 J/mol (TME 419), -0.4489 J/mol (Poundable), and 1.45 J/mol (Gamechanger). The findings suggest that palm oil improves garri’s moisture resistance, with Dura oil being more effective, especially at lower quantities, informing optimal storage practices in humid environments. 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DISCLOSURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
No full textThis study examined corporate governance disclosure and financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to investigate whether Corporate Governance Disclosure of the Board of Directors, Corporate Governance Disclosure of Risk Framework and Corporate Governance Disclosure of Whistle-Blowing Policy have a significant effect on Return on Assets of listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The secondary source of data collection was adopted in the study. The population comprises one hundred and fifty-one (151) firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group as at December 31, 2024 while the purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of ten (10) listed Deposit Money Banks for the study. Least Square Regression analysis was used to analyze the formulated hypothesis in the study. The findings revealed that Corporate Governance Disclosure of the Board of Directors, Corporate Governance Disclosure of the Risk Framework and Corporate Governance Disclosure of Whistle-Blowing Policy all have a significant effect on Return on Assets of listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The study recommended that corporate governance disclosure should be detailed in the annual reports of Deposit Money Banks as it relates to the remuneration, appointment, as well as composition of the Board of Directors in Nigerian Banks. 
SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES AND EMPLOYMENT SUSTAINABILITY IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThis study investigates the effect of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) on employment sustainability in Kogi State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examines the extent to which SMEs influence employment sustainability, identifies the mechanisms through which SMEs generate employment opportunities, highlights available small-scale enterprise opportunities, and assesses the challenges facing SMEs in the state. A quantitative research design was adopted, relying primarily on primary data. The study population consisted of 120 SME owners selected from three enterprises, from which a sample size of 80 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while hypotheses were tested using the t-test technique. The results reveal that SMEs have a statistically significant effect on employment sustainability and contribute substantially to employment generation in Kogi State. The findings further indicate that SMEs provide diverse employment opportunities across sectors such as hairdressing, handset repairs, poultry farming, bead making, carpentry, tailoring, bakery operations, and small-scale manufacturing. Based on these results, the study recommends that government interventions aimed at promoting SMEs should be transparent, adequately funded, and devoid of political interference, particularly with respect to financial support. The study concludes that SMEs remain a critical and viable instrument for achieving sustainable employment generation in Kogi State, Nigeria
ORGANIZATIONAL PRESSURE AND EMPLOYEES TURNOVER INTENTION IN FOOD PROCESSING COMPANIES IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThis study investigated the effect of organizational pressure on employees’ turnover intention in food processing companies in Anambra State, Nigeria. Anchored on the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) theory, the study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population comprised 1,213 employees across selected food processing firms, from which a sample of 301 respondents was drawn using Taro Yamane formula. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression to test the study’s hypotheses. The findings revealed that organizational pressure significantly influences employees’ turnover intention as expressed through job search behavior. Specifically, workload intensity exhibited a significant positive effect on employees’ job search behavior (β = .312, p = .003), indicating that increased workload heightens employees’ desire to seek alternative employment. Time pressure also showed a significant positive influence (β = .288, p = .008), suggesting that persistent deadlines and urgency in task completion contribute to turnover intention. Additionally, role ambiguity had a significant positive effect (β = .197, p = .021), signifying that unclear job expectations foster job search tendencies. Similarly, role conflict significantly predicted job search behavior (β = .156, p = .043), demonstrating that incompatible job demands and conflicting instructions increase employees’ likelihood of leaving the organization. The study concludes that organizational pressures which manifest through high workload intensity, time pressure, role ambiguity, and role conflict, substantially heighten employees’ turnover intention in food processing companies within the state. The study therefore recommends among others that organizations should reduce excessive workload intensity in order to reduce the physical and mental strain on employees, thereby lowering their likelihood of engaging in job search behavior
TRANSNATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL FRANCHISE HOTELS IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
No full textEmployee engagement is a critical driver of organizational success, especially in the hospitality industry, where service quality depends on employee commitment, focus, and adaptability. Many international franchise hotels in Nigeria, however, face challenges in sustaining high levels of engagement due to gaps in leadership practices and limited cultural integration. This study examined the impact of transnational leadership on employee engagement in international franchise hotels in Anambra State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: assess the effect of cultural intelligence, evaluate the influence of global mindset, determine the impact of cross-cultural communication, and examine the effect of change leadership on employee cognitive engagement. A survey research design was adopted, with structured questionnaires administered to 80 employees across three international franchise hotels. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that cultural intelligence (B = 0.281, p = 0.033), global mindset (B = 0.250, p = 0.009), cross-cultural communication (B = 0.450, p = 0.001), and change leadership (B = 0.950, p = 0.000) all have significant positive effects on employee cognitive engagement. The study concludes that the dimensions of transnational leadership substantially enhance employee engagement in franchise hotels. It recommends that hotel management invest in cultural intelligence development, cultivate a global mindset, strengthen cross-cultural communication, and implement change-oriented leadership practices to sustain high levels of employee engagement and drive organizational performance
