1,720,972 research outputs found
Comparison between two Algorithms of 32kb/s adpcm using qam signal at 16.8kb/s
No full textThis paper studies the comparison between two algorithms of 32kb/s ADPCM systems. The first algorithm uses 4-bit quantizer with sampling rate of 8000 sample/sec, and the second algorithm uses 5-bit quantizer with sampling rate of 6400 sample/sec. The comparison is done using QAM signal at data rate of 16.8kb/s. Two models of QAM signals are used, the first model operates at symbol rate of 2400 baud with each symbol is represented by 7-bit, while, the second model operates at symbol rate of 2800 baud with each symbol is represented by 6-bit. The
contribution of this paper is that sending the second model of QAM signal over ADPCM with 5-bit quantizer. Simulation results show that the performance of ADPCM with 5-bit quantizer is
better than 4-bit quantizer for both models of QAM signals. Also, the performance of ADPCM using second model is better than the first model. Furthermore, the performance with circular constellation is better than rectangular one
Conventional energy efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks
Full text linkWireless sensor network is a significant piece of wireless communication. It is a gathering of an enormous number of sensor nodes that are set in remote spots. The sensors have ability to do a typical undertaking. So energy exhaustion plays a significant job in keeping up a stable network. To build the system lifetime, a different energy effective algorithm is required which expands the network lifetime and makes the network more energy productive. For the augmenting, the lifetime of the network diverse routing technique has been utilized which help in expanding the lifetime of the network. This article portrays the diverse routing protocol which helps in energy efficient routing in a wireless sensor network
Comparison between Two Algorithms of 32kb/s ADPCM using QAM Signal at 16.8kb/s
Full text linkThis paper studies the comparison between two algorithms of 32kb/s ADPCM systems. The first algorithm uses 4-bit quantizer with sampling rate of 8000 sample/sec, and the second algorithm uses 5-bit quantizer with sampling rate of 6400 sample/sec. The comparison is done using QAM signal at data rate of 16.8kb/s. Two models of QAM signals are used, the first model operates at symbol rate of 2400 baud with each symbol is represented by 7-bit, while, the second model operates at symbol rate of 2800 baud with each symbol is represented by 6-bit. The contribution of this paper is that sending the second model of QAM signal over ADPCM with 5-bit quantizer. Simulation results show that the performance of ADPCM with 5-bit quantizer is better than 4-bit quantizer for both models of QAM signals. Also, the performance of ADPCM using second model is better than the first model. Furthermore, the performance with circular constellation is better than rectangular on
Modified algorithm of 16 kb/s ADPCM
No full textAbstractThis paper presents a new modified algorithm of 16 kb/s ADPCM. The modification is related to the adaptive predictor rather than the adaptive quantiser. The purpose of this modification is to reduce the nonlinear distortion introduced by ADPCM when a high data rate signal passes through it. The performances of standard and modified algorithms are studied using a QAM signal at a data rate of 9.6 kb/s. The simulation results show that the performance of modified ADPCM is better than the standard ADPCM
Pseudohexadecimal near maximum likelihood detector
No full textAbstractThis paper introduces two newly developed near-maximum likelihood detectors, named pseudohexadecimal and modified pseudohexadecimal near-maximum likelihood detectors. These two detectors are tested against a pseudoquaternary near-maximum likelihood detector using data transmission at 9.6 kb/s over a telephone channel. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the pseudohexadecimal detector is better than the performance of the modified pseudohexadecimal detector, and the latter is better than the pseudoquaternary detector
On the Design of Smart Home System
Full text linkSmart Home (SH) technology, comprising smart devices in the home context. SH technology has demonstrated new and good contribution to increase safety and reliability, at the same time; it might have its own influence to change our living habit. Use of mobile phones is changing with the development of technology; it can be used for different purposes. With the help of a network, mobile phone can be used to implement the smart home by controlling the devices. The objectives of this paper are to implement a smart home by controlling electronic devices at home remotely and to get an alert on intrusion or movement around the restricted premises. The mobile phone is using the short message service (SMS) service available and the alerts are also received as an SMS mentioning the activity occurring around the premises
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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