1,945 research outputs found
A Possibility in Algorithmic Fairness: Can Calibration and Equal Error Rates Be Reconciled?
No full textDecision makers increasingly rely on algorithmic risk scores to determine access to binary treatments including bail, loans, and medical interventions. In these settings, we reconcile two fairness criteria that were previously shown to be in conflict: calibration and error rate equality. In particular, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of calibrated scores that yield classifications achieving equal error rates at any given group-blind threshold. We then present an algorithm that searches for the most accurate score subject to both calibration and minimal error rate disparity. Applied to the COMPAS criminal risk assessment tool, we show that our method can eliminate error disparities while maintaining calibration. In a separate application to credit lending, we compare our procedure to the omission of sensitive features and show that it raises both profit and the probability that creditworthy individuals receive loans
DS_10.1177_0022034519885089 – Supplemental material for Expression of BSP-GFPtpz Transgene during Osteogenesis and Reparative Dentinogenesis
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1177_0022034519885089 for Expression of BSP-GFPtpz Transgene during Osteogenesis and Reparative Dentinogenesis by A. Vijaykumar, P. Dyrkacz, I. Vidovic-Zdrilic, P. Maye and M. Mina in Journal of Dental Research</p
DS_10.1177_0022034518769827 – Supplemental material for FGF2 Enhances Odontoblast Differentiation by αSMA<sup>+</sup> Progenitors In Vivo
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1177_0022034518769827 for FGF2 Enhances Odontoblast Differentiation by αSMA+ Progenitors In Vivo by I. Vidovic-Zdrilic, K.H. Vining, A. Vijaykumar, I. Kalajzic, D.J. Mooney, and M. Mina in Journal of Dental Research</p
Crisis Communication
No full textThis entry provides an overview of public health crises and public health crisis communication, grounded in crisis communication and literature around emerging infectious disease outbreaks (IDOs). It lays down the theoretical foundations for communication and crisis information management in times of public health risks and emergencies, heralded by two conceptual frameworks developed specifically to tackle IDOs and applicable to other health crises: Vijaykumar et al.’s risk amplification through media spread (RAMS) framework and Jin et al.’s infectious disease threat (IDT) appraisal model. It outlines key crisis communicative behaviors of individuals, including crisis information seeking and sharing (CISS) and crisis information vetting, summarizing empirical evidences in the context of IDOs. The rise of online misinformation as a critical concern in the communication management of IDOs and emerging interventions to combat this threat are further examined. Unique challenges and opportunities embedded in public health crisis communication (e.g., overcoming unintended effects of public health crisis communication) are identified for future research
DC-DC converter current source fed naturally commutated brushless DC motor drive
No full textThe aim of this work is to reduce the cost and size of a brushless dc motor (BLDC) drive as well as increase the reliability and ruggedness of that drive. Traditional BLDC drives use Voltage Source Inverters (VSI) that utilize hard switching, thereby generating switching losses and entail the use of large heatsinks. VSI needs a huge dc link capacitor that is inherently unreliable and is one of the most expensive components of a drive. Hence, a Current Source Inverter (CSI) is used to replace the hard switchings by natural turn-off, thereby eliminating the heatsinks as well as the large dc link capacitor. A controlled rectifier together with a large inductor act as the current source. The only disadvantage is the large value of the dc link inductor and the huge number of turns needed to achieve these values of the inductances lead to huge resistive losses.
Therefore, it is shown that it is possible to replace the controlled rectifier and the large inductor with a suitable dc-dc converter based current source switching at high frequencies and a much smaller value of the dc link inductor. Switching at high frequencies makes it possible to reduce the value of the dc link inductor without increasing the current ripple. Hence, it is possible to have the advantages of using a CSI as well as reduce the value of the dc link inductor without a corresponding increase in the heat sink and snubber requirements
Selection of fracture fluid for stimulating tight gas reservoirs
No full textEssentially all producing wells drilled in tight gas sands and shales are stimulated using
hydraulic fracture treatments. The development of optimal fracturing procedures,
therefore, has a large impact on the long-term economic viability of the wells. The
industry has been working on stimulation technology for more than 50 years, yet
practices that are currently used may not always be optimum. Using information from the
petroleum engineering literature, numerical and analytical simulators, surveys from
fracturing experts, and statistical analysis of production data, this research provides
guidelines for selection of the appropriate stimulation treatment fluid in most gas shale
and tight gas reservoirs. This study takes into account various parameters such as the type
of formation, the presence of natural fractures, reservoir properties, economics, and the
experience of experts we have surveyed. This work provides a guide to operators
concerning the selection of an appropriate type of fracture fluid for a specific set of
conditions for a tight gas reservoir
Unique profile of antimicrobial peptide expression in polymorphic light eruption lesions compared to healthy skin, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis
No full textPolymorphic light eruption (PLE) has been attributed to type IV, most likely delayed-type hypersensitivity response (adaptive immunity) but little is known on innate immunity, especially antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the disease. Abnormalities in AMP expression have been linked to pathological skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis
Active methylene compounds in a very effective approach to 3-substitutedisobenzofuranones through tandem aldol/lactonization reactions
No full textIn this article we describe a new accessible methodology for the synthesis of isobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones. In
this process we exploited an effective, economic, useful and environmentally benign K2CO3 catalyzed,
solvent-free one-pot tandemaldol-lactonization reaction between activemethylene compounds andmethyl
2-carboxy benzaldehyde. A particularly simple work-up and purification procedure are additional advantages
addressed to a general green chemistry approach to this important class of heterocyclic compounds
Defensing Confidentiality During Complete Packet Inspection On A Middlebox
No full textIn Internet to encrypt traffic, HTTPS provides secure and private data communication between clients and servers. Network operators often deploy middleboxes to perform deep packet inspection DPI to detect attacks using techniques ranging from simple keyword matching to more advanced machine learning and data mining analysis. But this approach cannot protect users' private information from a service provider who deploys middleboxes. SPABox, a middlebox based system that supports both keyword based and data analysis based DPI functions over encrypted traffic. SPABox preserves privacy by using a novel protocol with a limited connection setup overhead. In this paper to further improve the performance, we are working on the network performance requirements. K. Geetharani | K. Kowsalya | A. M. SenthilKumar | M. S. Vijaykumar | M. Saravanakumar "Defensing Confidentiality During Complete Packet Inspection On A Middlebox" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10725.pd
Multiscale simulations of anisotropic particles combining molecular dynamics and Green's function reaction dynamics
No full textThe modeling of complex reaction-diffusion processes in, for instance, cellular biochemical networks or self-assembling soft matter can be tremendously sped up by employing a multiscale algorithm which combines the mesoscopic Green’s Function Reaction Dynamics (GFRD) method with explicit stochastic Brownian, Langevin, or deterministic molecular dynamics to treat reactants at the microscopic scale [A. Vijaykumar, P. G. Bolhuis, and P. R. ten Wolde, J. Chem. Phys. 143, 214102 (2015)]. Here we extend this multiscale MD-GFRD approach to include the orientational dynamics that is crucial to describe the anisotropic interactions often prevalent in biomolecular systems. We present the novel algorithm focusing on Brownian dynamics only, although the methodology is generic. We illustrate the novel algorithm using a simple patchy particle model. After validation of the algorithm, we discuss its performance. The rotational Brownian dynamics MD-GFRD multiscale method will open up the possibility for large scale simulations of protein signalling networks
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