713 research outputs found
Who's afraid: Red, Yellow, and Blue - A three-biomarker model to capture neural heterogeneity in the anxious phenotype
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236417.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 30 september 2021Promotores : Fernandez, G., Schene, A.H. Co-promotor : Kohn, N.202 p
Neural mechanisms of negative learning bias. A transdiagnostic approach to mental health
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231206.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 16 april 2021Promotores : Schene, A.H., Cools, R. Co-promotores : Vassena, E., Vrijsen, J.N.185 p
A transdiagnostic, integrative approach to psychiatric heterogeneity: genetics as the starting point
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322707.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Mental health problems affect not only how people feel, but also their school, work, health, and relationships. This thesis shows that genes, environment, lifestyle, and social factors all work together to shape the risk for mental health conditions. We found that genetic risks for disorders like ADHD and depression influence not just symptoms, but also school success, physical health, and social well-being in both children and adults. Traditional diagnoses often don’t reflect real-life diversity: many people have overlapping or shifting problems, and genetic risks span across diagnoses. Sleep, family context, and lifestyle are at least as important as genes—especially for young people. Our findings highlight that mental health cannot be separated from other parts of life. This knowledge can help make mental health care and prevention more personal and effective for everyone.Radboud University, 06 oktober 2025Promotores : Franke, B., Schene, A.H. Co-promotores : Roth Mota, N., Sprooten, E.187 p
Gender differences in living with schizophrenia. A cross-sectional European multi-site study
No full textEffect of medication-related factors on adherence in people with schizophrenia: A European multi-centre study
No full textAim - To investigate the relation between medication-related factors and adherence in people with schizophrenia in outpatient treatment Methods - The sample comprised 409 outpatients (ICD- 10 diagnosis of schizophrenia) with clinician-rated instability in four European cities (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Verona. Italy, Leipzig, Germany; London, Great Britain) Adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire (patient perspective), and the Clinician Rating Scale (clinician perspective). Examined medication-related factors were type (atypical vs typical), application (oral vs. depot), daily dose frequency of antipsychotic medication (Medication History Scale), number of side effects (Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale), and patient attitudes toward medication (Drug Attitude Inventory) Multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors of adherence by medication-related factors Results - Adherence, as rated by patient and clinician, was predicted by patient attitude towards medication, but was unrelated to type of drug. formulation or side effects of antipsychotic medication A high daily dose frequency was associated with better adherence. but only when rated by the patient. Conclusions - In order to improve adherence there is a need to seriously consider and attempt to improve patient attitude toward medication. However, type of antipsychotic and other medication-related factors may not be as closely related to adherence as it has often been suggeste
Quality of life following adherence therapy for people disabled by schizophrenia and their carers
No full textA comparison of SF-6D and EQ-5D utility scores in a study of patients with schizophrenia
No full textEconomic evaluations of healthcare interventions increasingly measure outcomes using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The SF-6D and the EQ-5D are alternative ways of generating utility scores for use in QALY estimations, but it is unclear which is most sensitive to change in psychiatric symptom severity. There are also limited data on the sensitivity of these measures to changes in existing clinical indicators in long-term mental health conditions like schizophrenia. To: (i) assess the relationship between SF-6D and EQ-5D utility scores for patients with schizophrenia at two points in time, (ii) assess the relationship in the change scores of these two measures, (iii) measure the sensitivity of these measures to changes in an established measure of symptomatology. Patients with schizophrenia were recruited and the SF-36 and EQ-5D were administered at baseline and one-year follow-up and utility scores were computed and compared. Standardized response mean (SMR) scores were calculated for the SF-6D and EQ-5D and compared for patients who improved or deteriorated by at least 25% on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. EQ-5D ratings were available for 394 patients at baseline, 368 at follow-up and 358 at both time points. The respective figures for the SF-6D were 383, 367 and 345. Mean utility scores were very similar at baseline (EQ-5D 0.68, SF-6D 0.67) and follow-up (EQ-5D 0.71, SF-6D 0.68). Median scores were markedly higher for the EQ-5D (0.76 v 0.66 at baseline, 0.80 v 0.68 at follow-up). The SF-6D scores followed a normal distribution whilst the EQ-5D scores were negatively skewed with a clustering at 1.00. There were few differences in sensitivity to change between the EQ-5D and SF-6D. From an analytical perspective the SF-6D has advantages over the EQ-5D due to its normal distribution and lack of ceiling effect. However, both measures produce similar mean utility scores. Overall the SF-6D appears more suitable as a measure of utility in this patient group. Decisions made on the basis of cost-effectiveness results need to consider the method by which QALYs have been calculated. Further comparisons of the EQ-5D and SF-6D are require
Is the Defined Daily Dose system a reliable tool for standardizing antipsychotic dosages?
No full textThe present study was carried out to establish whether the Defined Daily Doses (DDDs) system could be reliably applied to standardize antipsychotic dosages. Initially, the relationship between antipsychotic doses expressed as DDDs, chlorpromazine equivalents (CPZEs) and percentages of the British National Formulary (BNF) maximum recommended daily dose were investigated by calculating Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Second, factors associated with antipsychotic dose, expressed as DDDs, CPZEs and percentages of the BNF maximum recommended daily dose, were investigated by means of linear regression analysis. The study sample consisted of 277 patients with schizophrenia. The relationship between antipsychotic daily doses expressed as multiples of DDDs and CPZEs revealed a significant correlation (Spearman's ρ=0.779, P<0.001). Similarly, the relationship between antipsychotic daily doses expressed as multiples of DDDs and percentages of the BNF maximum recommended daily dose revealed a significant correlation (Spearman's ρ=0.869, P<0.001). Linear regression analyses highlighted a high degree of coherence between antipsychotic doses expressed as DDDs, CPZEs and percentages of the BNF maximum recommended daily dose. In conclusion, this study found that the DDD system is a reliable tool for standardizing antipsychotic doses in drug utilization research. © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Medication adherence in schizophrenia: Exploring patients', carers' and professionals' views
No full textOne of the major clinical problems in the treatment of people with schizophrenia is suboptimal medication adherence. Most research focusing on determinants of nonadherence use quantitative research methods. These studies have some important limitations in exploring the decision-making process of patients concerning medication. In this study we explore factors influencing medication adherence behavior in people with schizophrenia using concept mapping. Concept mapping is a structured qualitative method and was performed in 4 European countries. Participants were 27 patients with schizophrenia, 29 carers, and 28 professionals of patients with schizophrenia. Five clinically relevant themes were identified that affect adherence: medication efficacy, external factors (such as patient support and therapeutic alliance), insight, side effects, and attitudes toward medication. Importance ratings of these factors differed significantly between professionals and carers and patients. Professionals, carers, and patients do not have a shared understanding of which factors are important in patients' medication adherence behavior. Adherence may be positively influenced if professionals focus on the positive aspects of medication, on enhancing insight, and on fostering a positive therapeutic relationship with patients and carers
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