1,116 research outputs found
Carta de Filippo Nicita a Pedro Dorado Montero
No full textCarta del italiano D. Filippo Nicita, a D. Pedro Dorado Montero, agradeciéndole una crítica de una obra suya aparecida en "La España Moderna"
Legal orderings and economic institutions
No full textThis book addresses the lively interaction between the disciplines of law and economics. The traditional boundaries of these two disciplines have somehow inhibited a full understanding of the functioning of and the evolution of economic and legal systems. It has often been the case that these boundaries have had to be reshaped, and sometimes abolished, before either one of the two disciplines could successfully clarify the real life problems arising from the complex institutions of contemporary societies. The contributions to this volume encompass some of the core controversial issues in law and economics arising from interactions between legal orderings and economic institutions. They include: the nature of institutional and legislative change and the emergence of strong institutional complementarity in legal positions, the relationship between private orderings and the role of the State in enforcing contracts and defining property rights, the nature and dynamics of endogenous enforcement and the analysis of governance models and corporate ethics. Part of the renowned Siena Studies in Political Economy series, this book will be an essential read for postgraduates and researchers in the fields of law and economics, and the economics of institutions. © 2007 Selection and editorial matter, Fabrizio Cafaggi, Antonio Nicita, and Ugo Pagano; individual chapters the contributors. All rights reserved
Smoking, health and ageing
No full textAbstract On March 19, 2008 a Symposium on Pathophysiology of Ageing and Age-Related diseases was held in Palermo, Italy. Here, the lecture of V. Nicita-Mauro on Smoking, health and ageing is summarized. Smoking represents an important ageing accelerator, both directly by triggering an inflammatory responses, and indirectly by favoring the occurrence of several diseases where smoking is a recognized risk factor. Hence, non-smokers can delay the appearance of diseases and of ageing process, so attaining longevity.</p
Essential Facility Access in Europe: Building a Test for Antitrust Policy
No full textThis paper investigates the evolution of competition policy decisions in the US and, particularly, in the EU, concerning mandatory access to an essential facility held by a dominant firm. Based on some recent and controversial EU antitrust decisions, we outline a comprehensive test for identifying an essential facility and consequently imposing a mandatory access obligation on dominant firms
Towards the Economics of Comparative Law: the ‘Doing Business’ Debate
No full textThe centrality of institutional determinants for economic performance has recently flourished in the economic policy debate. ‘Doing Business’ is a project launched in 2004 by the World Bank with the aim of providing objective measures of business regulation and enforcement across the world. Several legal and economic scholars have questioned the reliability of Doing Business indicators, the methodology and the theoretical background. We discuss the main critics raised and the potential of the World Bank project towards the economic analysis of comparative law
Trade Policy, Trade Costs, and Developing Country Trade
No full textThis paper briefly reviews new indices of trade restrictiveness and trade facilitation that have been developed at the World Bank. The paper also compares the trade impact of different types of trade restrictions applied at the border with the effects of domestic policies that affect trade costs. Based on a gravity regression framework, the analysis suggests that tariffs and non-tariff measures continue to be a significant source of trade restrictiveness for low-income countries despite preferential access programs. This is because the value of trade preferences is quite limited: a new measure of the relative preference margin developed in the paper reveals that this is very low for most country-pairs. Most countries with very good (duty-free) access to a market generally have competitors that have the same degree of access. The empirical analysis suggests that measures to improve logistics performance and facilitate trade are likely to have the greatest positive effects in expanding developing country trade, increasing the trade impacts of lowering remaining border barriers by a factor of two or more.Tariffs; nontariff measures; trade facilitation; logistics; economic development; Doha Round
Lost in transaction. Il Nobel a Olive Williamson e il problema del governo delle relazioni economiche
No full textGroup attitude and hybrid sanctions: Micro-econometric evidence from traffic law
No full textIn many legal domains hybrid sanctions – i.e. the joint use of both monetary and
non-monetary sanctions – are usually applied. We suggest that one possible rationale
behind this form of sanction is targeting group-specific deterrence. For some groups of
agents, hybrid sanctions act indeed as a self-selection mechanism such that deterrence is
obtained only after a critical threshold of infractions is reached. We apply our model to
traffic law infractions and further test it, performing a micro-econometric analysis on a
unique dataset of a representative sample of 50,000 Italian drivers, over six years (2003–
2009), after the introduction of a penalty points system. Our findings empirically confirm
our theoretical predictions. When repeated infractions are at stake, well-designed hybrid
sanctions, such as the penalty point system designed for traffic law enforcement, may
indeed increase overall deterrence. Our results shed new light on the role of the combined
monetary and non-monetary sanctions to perform general and specific deterrence
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