8 research outputs found
Optimization of Excess Magnesium Addition and Heating Rate on Silicon Dioxide and Silicon Extraction Based Rice Husk
No full textIndonesia is an agricultural country that produces rice sufficiently large. According to Central Agency on Statistics (BPS 2013) data, in 2012 rice production in Indonesia amounted to 69.05 million tonnes of milled rice, an increase of 3.29 million tonnes (5.00%) compared to 2011. Each tonne of rice containing 72% rice, 5% -8% bran and 20% - 22% husk (Muthadhi 2007). Seeing these data would appear a lot of agricultural waste,one of them is rice husk waste . Waste destruction process naturally progresses slowly (Nugraha and Setiawati 2006). Rice husk generated from most of the countries that produce rice just burned and disposed of as waste (Azadi et al. 2010). Rice husk, a waste product of the rice industry is rich in silica. (Kalapathy et al. 2000). Utilization of rice husk stove developed by IPB from 2007, produces another form of waste (Irzaman et al 2007). Rice husk charcoal from rice husk stove IPB, can be used to produce silica. The Silica resulting from the incineration process can be used as a source of silicon (Rohaeti et al.2010). This research is aimed to optimize of the speed of temperature increase (0.5 0C/menit and 1.5 0C/menit) to obtain high-purity silicon dioxide and optimization of addition of excess magnesium by chemical reduction method by comparing the amount of magnesium and silica (49: 60) to obtain high-purity silicon . Silicon dioxide and silicon obtained will be analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and FTIR Spectroscopy. Preparation of silicon through three (3) phases, husk charcoal, silica / silicon dioxide and silicon. Making husk charcoal through several stages. At first the rice husk is dried with the aid of sunlight with the aim of accelerating the combustion process. Then the rice husks were weighed at 4000 grams, entered into a husk stove and continued with the combustion process (Ahmad 2012), rice husk and then weighed. In this process produced husk charcoal at 1370 grams (34.25%). Rice husk charcoal as much as 60 grams put in of porcelain bowls and burned in a furnace at a temperature of 400 °C initially for 2 hours, subsequent heating to a temperature of 950 °C for 1 hour with a temperature increase rate setting of 0.5 ° C / min and 1.5 °C / min. After the ash obtained by burning weighed, then washed rice husk ash by using hydrochloric acid (HCl) 3% technical (12 mL 3% HCl technical for 1 gram of rice husk ash), and then heated over a hotplate with a temperature setting of 200 °C and stirred with a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 240 rpm for 2 hours. Subsequently washed with hot distilled water (temperature around 100 °C) repeatedly until the free acid (tested with litmus paper), and then filtered through ash-free paper. Screening results (residues separated from the filter paper) included in the of porcelain bowls and then heated in a furnace at temperatures of 1000 °C for 1 hour with the temperature rise and 5 oC/menit 1 oC/menit remaining until the white silica. The samples were cooled in the furnace and weighed, then the results are tested EDX and FTIR Spectroscopy. The next process to obtain silicon, silica mixed with reducing agents, namely magnesium powder with a ratio 49:60. Once mixed, the sample is heated in a furnace for 1 hour at a temperature of 650 oC. Once heated, the mixture obtained is weighed, then washed with 75 mL of 3% HCl technical. Then heated on a hotplate with a temperature setting of 200 °C and stirred with a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 240 rpm for 2 hours. Then the samples were washed again with 3% HCl technical 300 mL, 1 hour, 240 rpm (Hikmawati 2010). Samples were filtered and washed with hot distilled water (temperature around 100 °C) repeatedly so that the free acid, and then dried in a furnace at 110 °C for 12 hours (Hikmawati 2010, Ahmad 2012 and Otto 2013). The results of EDX analysis, produces silicon dioxide with a purity of 99.15% (for a heating rate of 0.5 ° C / min) and 78.96% (for a heating rate of 1.5 ° C / min). Chemical reduction of silica with magnesium excess magnesium and silica in the ratio 49: 60 has resulted in silicon with a purity of 44.03%. Characterization of silicon dioxide using FTIR spectroscopy showed siloxane functional groups. Peaks of FTIR spectra showed specific peaks associated with silicon dioxide at wave number 1110 cm-1 to 467 cm-1
Alkali activation of vein gold tailing wastes for manufacturing mortars
No full textLos residuos mineros (RM) generan grandes problemas ambientales debido a la alta y progresiva explotación de minerales y su consecuente disposición. La activación alcalina es un método ampliamente utilizado para la fabricación de materiales de construcción, usando los residuos como materiales cementantes suplementarios. En esta investigación se generaron morteros a partir de RM activados alcalinamente. Se estudiaron residuos de la explotación de minería aurífera de veta, activadas mediante una mezcla de solución NaOH y Na2SiO3. Se fabricaron dos tipos de morteros, uno utilizando el residuo con granulometría original y el otro con el residuo molido, para evaluar la influencia del tamaño de partícula. Además, cada tipo de mortero fue fraguado a 24 y 80 ºC. El análisis de las fases presentes en los morteros se llevó a cabo mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX) y el análisis de la morfología de las superficies de fractura después del ensayo de compresión se llevó a cabo mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). Los resultados mostraron que la resistencia a la compresión es superior en los morteros preparados con los residuos molidos, frente a los morteros con los residuos de granulometría original. En adición, el incremento de la temperatura de fraguado no presentó influencia en la propiedad evaluada.The mine tailings cause several environmental impacts, due to high and progressive mineral exploitation and waste management. Alkaline activation to manufacture building materials using waste as supplementary cementitious materials has been a widely used method. In this article, mortars with alkali-activated mine tailings has been studied. Vein gold tailing wastes, were activated by a mixture of NaOH and Na2SiO3 solution. Two types of mortars were analyzed to assess influence of particle size were manufactured, the first by using original granulometry tailing and the second with milled residue. In addition, each type of mortar was set at 24 and 80 °C. Crystalline phases in mortars were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the morphology of the fracture surfaces after the compression test was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the compressive strength of the specimens produced from milled residue was higher value in comparison with original granulometry specimens. In addition, setting temperature increase did not have an influence on the property evaluated
Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas y simulación térmica de concreto tradicional y modificado con fibra de coco
No full textLa utilización de la fibra de coco como sustituto del agregado fino en la preparación de concretos es una forma efectiva para una práctica sostenible de construcción de concreto y actúa como un sumidero de carbono, específicamente de residuos de biomasa. En el presente estudio, se diseñaron mezclas de concreto tradicional y modificado, a partir de las mezclas diseñadas, se prepararon mezclas y especímenes de concreto y se evaluó el asentamiento, la densidad y la resistencia a la compresión. Se encontró que la adición de fibras de coco está relacionada con el aumento del asentamiento, así como en una disminución del 79.4 % la resistencia. Los resultados de simulación de la conductividad térmica, se encontró que su conductividad térmica del concreto modificado con fibras de coco disminuye con relación al concreto tradicional. Los materiales preparados presentan resistencias mecánicas menores a las requeridas para concretos estructurales, sin embargo, se espera que el uso de este tipo de residuos permita la fabricación de concretos con otras aplicaciones. Se espera que la utilización de fibras de coco permita generar una estrategia eficiente para la utilización de este residuo en pro del mejoramiento del medio [email protected]@campusucc.edu.c
Proceedings of the Second International Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet: ICCESP 2024
Get PDFThis proceeding contains articles of the various research ideas of the academic community and practitioners accepted at the Second International Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet (ICCESP 2024). The main aim of the conference is to bring together leading academicians, researchers, technocrats, practitioners, and students and share their experience and research output on all aspects of Civil Engineering. ICCESP 2024 is being Organized by Habilete Learning Solutions, Kollam in Collaboration with Marian Engineering College, Trivandrum, Kerala; American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE); and ASCE India Section Southern Region.
Conference Title: Second International Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable PlanetConference Acronym: ICCESP 2024Conference Theme: Sustainable PlanetConference Date: 06–08 December 2024Conference Location: Marian Engineering College, Kazhakuttom, IndiaConference Organizer: Habilete Learning Solutions, Kollam, Kerala, IndiaCollaborators: Marian Engineering College, Trivandrum, Kerala; American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE); and ASCE India Section Southern Region
Life cycle analysis and economic evaluation of cement and concrete mixes with rice husk ash: application to the Colombian context Análisis del ciclo de vida y evaluación económica de cemento y mezclas de hormigón con ceniza de cascarilla de arroz: aplicación al contexto colombiano
Get PDFRice husk residues are generated within the rice industry. In this research, the environmental impact of the use of rice husk ash is evaluated as a replacement for cement in the production of concrete in the city of Ibagué (Colombia). The environmental criteria of cement and concrete production alternatives were evaluated through life cycle analysis methodology, using SimaPro 9.3.3 software and the Recipe 2016 Midpoint (H) evaluation method. The economic cost of each of these production alternatives was included. To carry out the study, surveys and interviews had to be undertaken with rice-producing plants, aggregates, cement and concrete plants in Tolima. It was corroborated that rice husk ash (RHA) generated during the rice husk (RH) gasification process for electricity and heat production was beneficial from an environmental and economic perspective when it was used in cement and concrete in the city of Ibague (Colombia).Postprint (author's final draft
