734 research outputs found
Technical Progress and Obsolescence of Equipment in the USSR
No full text>p>The fulfillment of the Seven-Year Plan of Soviet national economic development (1959-1965) will mark an important step forward in building the material and technical base for a communist society. This requires high rates of technical progress in all branches of the national economy, something that inevitably leads to the obsolescence of the instruments of labor.>/p>>p>Both under capitalism and socialism obsolescence of machinery and equipment is due to technical progress. But under socialism, because of socialist production relations, this obsolescence is of a totally different nature and has fundamentally different social and economic consequences than under the capitalist system. This stems from the specific features of technical progress in a socialist society.>/p>
Potential automorphy of certain non self-dual 3-dimensional Galois representations
No full textIn a series of papers, van Geemen and Top have defined a family of surfaces
indexed by a nonzero integer parameter , and a compatible family of
3-dimensional Galois representations over \Q(i) attached to each surface. In
this note we use recent advancements in potential automorphy and automorphy
lifting to show that these compatible families are potentially automophic for
all values of , and hence that their L-functions have analytic continuation
and a functional equation
Who’s the Leader: Dorsalized signaling pathway interactions of BMP, RA, and MAPK affecting neurogenesis within the retina.
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/e7f9fe9b-ebd8-4e13-a3e4-3d8f5a26404c/thumb/128.jpgEye development is highly conserved among vertebrates including between zebrafish and humans. Within zebrafish, the neurons that form the optic nerve are generated across the retina, beginning in the ventral-nasal region and fanning out toward the temporal region of the retina. The dorsal retina is one of the last locations in which neurons are generated but it is currently unclear how this specific spatiotemporal pattern of neurogenesis is regulated. When compared to wild-type zebrafish, gdf6a (-/-) embryos, which carry a missense mutation within the bmp13 gene, show earlier neurogenesis in the dorsal retina as well as a range of ocular anomalies, including small and misshapen eyes. In wild-type zebrafish, three signaling pathways — BMP (Bone Morphogenic Protein), MAPK (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase), and RA (Retinoic Acid) — are active in the developing dorsal retina. To test how these signaling pathways and their interactions can influence neuron formation, I performed pharmacological manipulations, gene expression analyses, and microscopy of living and fixed embryos. Specifically, I analyzed the precise timing of the BMP, MAPK, and RA pathways within the retina, and elucidated the relationship between MAPK and RA activity within the dorsal retina, providing evidence that the MAPK pathway may activate RA and RA, in turn, RA inhibits MAPK. Results suggest that there are two critical periods of transition during retinal development: the transition from optic vesicle to optic cup morphology between 17-24 hpf, and the transition from dorsal MAPK activity presence to dorsal RA activity between 24-30 hpf. Inhibition of the MAPK led to significant decreases in aldh1a2 expression, an upstream target of RA, suggesting that RA may be being activated by MAPK. Inhibition of the RA pathway within both wild-type and gdf6a (-/-) embryos led to significant increases in dusp6 expression, suggesting RA may inhibit MAPK signaling. It is unclear whether MAPK or FGF receptor activation has differential effects on proliferation though inhibition of either signal appears to increase the quantity of proliferating cells in the dorsal retina, but targeting MAPK expression appears to be a more responsive target, suggesting that outside signaling pathways may interact with MAPK each other not at the FGFR level
Leaky Forms: A Study of Email and Password Exfiltration Before Form Submission
No full textWe thank Alexei Miagkov, Arvind Narayanan, Bart Jacobs, Claudia Diaz, David Roefs, Dorine Gebbink, Galina Bulbul, Gwendal Le Grand, Konrad Dzwinel, Pete Snyder, Sergey Galich, Steve Englehardt, Vincent Toubiana, our shepherd Alexandros Kapravelos, SecWeb and USENIX Security reviewers for their valuable comments and contributions. The idea for measuring email exfiltration before form submission is initially developed with Steve Englehardt and Arvind Narayanan during an earlier study [41]. Asuman Senol was funded by the Cyber-Defence (CYD) Campus of armasuisse Science and Technology. Gunes Acar was initially supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). The study was supported by CyberSecurity Research Flanders with reference number VR20192203
Endogenous regulation of a therapeutic transgene restores homeostasis in arthritic joints
No full textThe treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases is complicated by their unpredictable, relapsing clinical course. Here, we describe a new strategy in which an inflammation-regulated therapeutic transgene is introduced into the joints to prevent recurrence of arthritis. To this end, we designed a recombinant adenoviral vector containing a two-component, inflammation-inducible promoter controlling the expression of human IL-10 (hIL-10) cDNA. When tested in vitro, this system had a low-level basal activity and was activated four to five orders of magnitude by various inflammatory stimuli, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and LPS. When introduced in joints of rats with recurrent streptococcal cell wall–induced arthritis, the IL-10 transgene was induced in parallel with disease recurrence and effectively prevented the influx of inflammatory cells and the associated swelling of the joints. Levels of inflammation-inducible hIL-10 protein within the joints correlated closely with the severity of recurrence. An endogenously regulated therapeutic transgene can thus establish negative feedback and restore homeostasis in vivo while minimizing host exposure to the recombinant drug
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