1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Patheogenesis of immune cells in progressive kidney disease
Full text link炎症性疾患では、白血球などの免疫担当細胞が活性化され、炎症促進/免疫抑制バランスに異常を来すことが知られている。糖尿病性腎症では免疫担当細胞に加えて、腎固有細胞も活性化されるが、その免疫バランスに関しては明らかではない。そこで本検討では糖尿病性腎症における腎固有細胞の免疫バランスについて検証を行った。高糖刺激した腎固有細胞では、炎症促進系に働く分子のmRNA発現が亢進している一方、免疫抑制系分子のmRNA発現が低下していた。これらの結果は、糖尿病性腎症において、腎固有細胞でも免疫バランスが破たんし、このことが慢性炎症の遷延化から疾患の進展に寄与しているものと推測された。High glucose (HG) stimulates various kinds of leukocytes, resulting in an abberant the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory immune balance. However, it is unclear if renal resident cells showed an abberant immune balance in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Therefore, we hypothesized that the aberrant immune balance of renal resident cells contributes to the pathogenesis of DN. To explore this possibility, we performed genome-wide transcriptome profiling in mesangial cells and tubular epithelial cells (TECs), which were stimulated by HG and detected the expression of inflammation associated genes. Pro-inflammatory/Th1 gene expression was upregulated, but Th2 related gene expression was downregulated in mesangial cells. In TECs, HG stimulation increased pro-inflammatory/Th1/Th2 gene expression. The data taken together indicate that HG shifts the immune balance toward pro-inflammatory/Th1 phenotype in renal resident cells, which might initiate and/or prolong inflammation.研究課題/領域番号:24591192, 研究期間(年度):2012-04-01 - 2015-03-31出典：研究課題「腎疾患の腎局所及び全身免疫応答における骨髄由来免疫抑制性細胞の意義」課題番号24591192
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-24591192/24591192seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院research repor
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The role of Dendritic cells for the autoimmune kidney injury
Full text linkヒト全身性エリテマトーシス類似の病態を呈するMRL-Fas^マウスを用いて自己免疫性腎障害における樹状細胞(DCs)とp38MAPKの関与を検討した. われわれの結果よりDCsはp38MAPK活性化を介して自己免疫性臓器障害の進展に関与することが示唆された. 樹状細胞の制御は自己免疫性臓器障害の新たな治療標的として有用であると考えられた。研究課題/領域番号:19790578, 研究期間(年度):2007-2008出典：「自己免疫性腎疾患における樹状細胞と細胞内シグナル伝達の関与」研究成果報告書 課題番号19790578
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19790578/19790578seika/)を加工して作成research repor
The association of gene mutation with clinical characyter in MRSA infection
Full text linkMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common pathogenic bacterium that causes nosocomial and community-acquired infections. MRSA infection can cause severe illness not only in immunocompromised patients but also in healthy people. Therefore, the understanding the pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutic option are of important. We have focused on the association between bacterial gene and clinical phenotype on MRSA infection. We revealed that the bacterial genotype affects the clinical characteristics of MRSA infection. Moreover, The frequency of gene mutations on resistant gene loci were gradually decreased along with the increased sensitivity of beta-lactam antibiotics. Then, we found that D-Serine inhibits the attachment and biofilm formation of MRSA by reducing the expression of the related genes. These results highlight the association of gene mutation with phenotype of infection.メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌（MRSA）は、1970年代に出現した多剤耐性菌であるが、未だ克服されていない。本課題では、遺伝子情報に着目し、感染症に及ぼす影響について検討した。MRSAの網羅的遺伝子解析を行い、その変異と、感染症の臨床病態を評価した。その結果、接着・バイオフィルム関連の遺伝子領域に変異を持つ株は、有意に血流感染症を増加させること、接着・バイオフィルム関連の遺伝子発現の制御物質は、新規の感染予防薬となり得ることを明らかにした。さらに、最近増加している市中感染株の薬剤耐性と遺伝子変異の関与を報告した。これらの結果は、細菌の遺伝子情報が感染症の病態に深く関与していることを示していた。研究課題/領域番号:18K08426, 研究期間(年度):2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31出典：研究課題「MRSAの網羅的遺伝子情報を基としたバイオフィルム形成過程の病態解明」課題番号18K08426
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18K08426/18K08426seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院感染制御部research repor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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