1,721,000 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Differentiation of liver cancer stem cells
Full text link近年肝癌組織においても幹細胞様の性格を有する肝癌幹細胞の存在が明らかになり、癌治療の重要なターゲットと考えられている。本研究では、正常胎児肝において肝芽細胞を肝細胞へと分化誘導するサイトカインとして知られるOncostatin M(OSM)が肝がん幹細胞の分化誘導に応用可能であることを同定した。OSMは肝癌幹細胞の抗癌剤抵抗性を改善することから、癌治療における有力な標的分子であると考えられた。Recent evidence suggests that tumor cells possess stem cell features (cancer stem cells) to self-renew and give rise to relatively differentiated cells through asymmetric division, thereby forming heterogeneous populations. Cancer stem cells are considered to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which might be associated with the recurrence of the tumor after treatment. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine known to activate the hepatocytic differentiation program in hepatoblasts in an OSMR-specific manner. We identified that OSMR is expressed in a subset of liver cancer stem cells and OSM induces hepatocytic differentiation of these cells. OSM-mediated hepatocytic differentiation effectively suppressed HCC growth when combined with conventional chemotherapy, suggesting the utility of OSM for the treatment of liver cancer stem cells.研究課題/領域番号:20599005, 研究期間(年度):2008–2010出典：研究課題「肝発生分化メカニズムに基づいた肝癌幹細胞特異的治療法の開発」課題番号20599005
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20599005/20599005seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院research repor
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Regulation of liver cancer stem cells by cirrhotic liver microenvironment
Full text link肝細胞癌の再発、転移など、難治性に関わる重要な細胞集団として癌幹細胞が知られている。本研究ではEpCAM陽性癌幹細胞における可塑性について、特にがん幹細胞の維持制御機構と微小環境を構成する細胞との関連について検討を行った。線維芽細胞はTGF-betaを分泌しEpCAM陽性癌幹細胞を増加させ、そのメカニズムとしてKDM2Bの発現誘導によるH3K36メチル基のエピジェネティックメモリー制御が考えられた。また癌微小環境を反映すると考えられる６種の血清サイトカインを同定、分子標的薬ソラフェニブの感受性、予後延長効果に関わる可能性を見出した。Recent evidences suggest that hepatocellular carcinoma possesses cancer stem cells that play a pivotal role on local recurrence and distant organ metastasis after radical treatment. In this study, we found that fibroblasts secrets TGF-beta and induce the stemness in EpCAM+ hepatocellular carcinoma. This effect was mediated at least in part through the activation of H3K36 demethylase KDM2B to modify epigenetic memories and induce the population of EpCAM+ cancer stem cells. We further identified the six cytokines, potentially reflecting the activation of microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma, to predict the survival outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma patients who received sorafenib treatment.研究課題/領域番号:26460994, 研究期間(年度):2014-04-01 - 2017-03-31出典：「肝硬変微小環境による肝がん幹細胞発生維持制御機構の解明」研究成果報告書 課題番号26460994
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26460994/26460994seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院総合診療部research repor
Identification of circulating stromal/cancer cell population detected in hepatocellular carcinoma
Full text link肝癌は世界の悪性腫瘍による死因の第２位を占め、新たな診断治療法の開発が強く求められている。肝癌の悪性度を決定する要因として、申請者はこれまでに癌の発生、維持、薬剤抵抗性、遠隔転移に必須の役割を果たしていると考えられる肝癌幹細胞を同定し、その多様性が肝癌の悪性形質に深く関わることを報告してきた。本研究では肝癌組織における間質細胞の多様性に注目、特に肝癌患者の血液中に存在する細胞集団に着目、健常人、慢性肝炎、肝硬変患者では存在せず、肝癌患者においてのみ出現する細胞集団を1細胞トランスクリプトーム解析により同定した。本研究成果により、新たな肝癌の診断、治療において重要な標的分子候補が導出された。Hepatocellular carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In this study, we performed the immunohistochemistry and flow cytometer analysis to identify the cellular heterogeneity of tumor as well as stromal cells. We further performed the single cell transcriptome analysis using peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. We identified that tumor stromal cells expressing PD1 or CCR6 as well as tumor cells expressing CCL20 were mostly detected at the periphery, not the center of the tumor. We further identified the circulating cell population specifically detected in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Interestingly, these cell population contained both tumor cells and stromal cells potentially regulating immune system. This study provides important molecular basis of circulating cells potentially be utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.研究課題/領域番号:18H02792, 研究期間(年度):2018-04-01 - 2021-03-31出典：「癌幹細胞により制御される肝癌間質細胞社会の解明」研究成果報告書 課題番号18H02792
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18H02792/18H02792seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院総合診療部research repor
Whole Exome Analysis of EpCAM-positive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Stem Cells
Full text link肝細胞癌の再発、転移など、難治性に関わる重要な細胞集団として癌幹細胞が知られている。本研究ではEpCAM陽性癌幹細胞における遺伝子変異を全エクソンレベルで網羅的に解析した。EpCAM陽性癌幹細胞を有する肝癌では癌抑制遺伝子であるTP53の変異が認められ、さらに個体特異的にARIDやCDKNなど癌の未分化性、細胞周期に関わる遺伝子に変異が認められ、肝癌の難治性を克服する上で重要な分子標的と考えられた。Recent evidences suggest that hepatocellular carcinoma possesses cancer stem cells that play a pivotal role on local recurrence and distant organ metastasis after radical treatment. In this study, we evaluated the genetic mutations observed in hepatocellular carcinoma containing EpCAM-positive cancer stem cells at whole exome level. We identified TP53, ARID, and CDKN mutations in EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells. These mutations may be responsible for the maintenance of EpCAM-positive cancer stem cells and therefore may be good targets for eradication of hepatocellular carcinoma.研究課題/領域番号:23590967, 研究期間(年度):2011–2013出典：研究課題「肝癌幹細胞発生に関わるゲノム異常の網羅的解析」課題番号23590967
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23590967/23590967seika/)を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院research repor
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