1,720,964 research outputs found

    Development of helical pi-conjugated polymers-coated fullerenes with high carrier transporting ability

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    らせん構造の「外部にp型主鎖」、「内部にn型フラーレン」を配置した、ホールと電子の両方のキャリアを輸送可能な「らせん状π共役高分子被覆型フラーレンからなる両極性半導体材料」の開発を行った。その結果、3, 3’-ビフェニリレンをジエチニレンで連結したπ共役高分子が、光学活性なゲスト分子との非共有結合相互作用を介して疎溶媒効果によって一方向巻きのらせん構造へと折りたたみ、一旦誘起されたらせん構造は、ゲスト分子を除去した後も自動的に記憶として保持されることを見出した。さらに、本ポリマーが形成するらせん構造の内側の空孔内にフラーレンが包接されることが分かった。A novel poly(biphenylylenediethynylene) derivative consisting of crown ether strapped 3,3'-biphenylylene bearing triethylene glycol-derived pendants and diethynylene units (poly-1) was synthesized. Poly-1 complexed with L-Ala folded into a preferred-handed helical conformation in tetrachloroethane(TCE)-acetonitrile (MeCN) mixed solvents (MeCN > 80vol%), showing an intense induced circular dichroism in the absorption region of its main chain. We found that the induced preferred-handed helical conformation in poly-1 was maintained very stably even after complete removal of L-Ala in TCE-MeCN mixed solvents (MeCN > 80vol%), while it was instantly transformed into a random conformation in TCE. It was found that fullerene was encapsulated in the inner cavity of the helical poly-1.研究課題/領域番号:26620098, 研究期間(年度):2014-04-01 - 2016-03-31出典:研究課題「高キャリア輸送能を有するらせん状π共役高分子被覆型フラーレンの創製」課題番号:26620098 (KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26620098/26620098seika/)を加工して作成金沢大学新学術創成研究機構ナノ生命科学研究所research repor

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Development of pi-conjugated helical polymers bearing both molecular recognition sites and dynamically axial chirality in the main chain

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    動的軸性キラルなビフェニルユニットと分子認識部位として作用するクラウンエーテルの両方を主鎖骨格に有するπ共役高分子を合成し、ビフェニルの動的軸性キラリティーをキラルな非共有結合相互作用を介して制御することにより、一方向巻きのらせん構造を有するπ共役らせん高分子の合成を行った。その結果、ビフェニルユニットに誘起されたキラリティーが記憶として保持されるため、溶媒の種類等の外部刺激に応答して一方向巻きのらせん構造とランダム構造に可逆的な変化が可能な「らせん構造の記憶」の現象を示すπ共役らせん高分子の創製に初めて成功した。Poly(biphenyleneethynylene-alt-phenyleneethynylene) derivatives bearing crown ether moieties as molecular recognition sites in the main chains were synthesized, and chirality induction in the obtained polymers upon complexation with optically active amino acids and amines and the stability of the induced helical conformation were investigated by using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in order to construct novel helical pi-conjugated polymers. The obtained polymers folded into a preferred-handed helical conformation in chloroform-acetonitrile (1/9) upon complexation with chiral guests. After replacement of the chiral guests with achiral guests, the induced macromolecular helicity could be maintained and the polymer showed a reversible conformational change between preferred-handed helix and random coil in response to change in solvents. This is the first example of macromolecular helicity memory capable of reversible conformational change.研究課題/領域番号:23550133, 研究期間(年度):2011-2013出典:「主鎖に分子認識部位と動的軸性キラリティーを有するπ共役らせん高分子の創製と応用」研究成果報告書 課題番号23550133 (KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23550133/23550133seika/)を加工して作成research repor

    Development and Application of Functional Micelles Bearing Helical Polymer Chains in the Core

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    末端にのみ光学活性基を導入した疎水性のポリイソシアナート鎖と親水性のポリエチレングリコール鎖からなる両親媒性ブロック共重合体の合成に成功し、これらが水中で球状ミセルを形成し、高分子鎖が密集したミセルのコア内部では、高分子鎖間の相互作用によりポリマー主鎖のらせん反転が起こりにくくなることによって不斉増幅現象が発現することを明らかにした。また、側鎖に光学活性基を有する疎水性の位置規則性ポリチオフェンと親水性のポリアクリル酸からなる両親媒性ブロック共重合体を合成し、これらが水中で自己組織的に球状ミセルを形成し、ミセルのコア内部でポリチオフェン鎖がキラルな超分子構造体を形成することも明らかにした。Amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a hydrophobic polyisocyanate chain with an optically active terminal group with a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) chain were successfully synthesized. It was demonstrated that the copolymers formed spherical micelles in aqueous solution and the helical sense excess of the polyisocyanate chain was amplified in the core of the micelles over that in THF due to the reduction in population of the helical reversals. Amphiphilic block copolymers consisting of a hydrophobic optically active polythiophene chain with a hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) chain were also synthesized and these copolymers were found to self-assemble into micelles in water and exhibit a characteristic ICD in the π-π^^* transition region due to the formation of supramolecular chiral aggregates in the core.出典:研究課題「コアにらせん高分子鎖を有する機能性ミセルの創成と応用」課題番号21750118 (KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21750118/21750118seika/)を加工して作成金沢大学新学術創成研究機構ナノ生命科学研究所research repor

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    らせん高分子と二核金属錯体との指向性配位によるキラル空間の創成と不斉触媒への展開

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    本研究は、らせん高分子に特徴的な協同効果による不斉増幅現象を活用し、微量キラル源からの効率的なキラルナノ空間の形成を目指す。さらに、外部刺激によるらせんの巻き方向の可逆的な制御が可能である特長を利用することにより、固体状態でキラリティー制御が可能なスイッチングキラルナノ空間を創成する。本年度は以下の研究成果が得られた。 1. らせん高分子集積キラルナノ空間の不斉反応への適用 昨年度、らせん構造を記憶として保持した側鎖にカルボキシル基を有するポリ(ジフェニルアセチレン)を、中心金属にロジウムを有する二核金属錯体と混合することにより、らせん高分子を多座配位子とした集積型らせん高分子錯体を合成することに成功し、本錯体を不斉シクロプロパン化反応の触媒として用いると、らせんキラリティーのみに由来する不斉選択性を発現することを見出している。本年度は、本錯体を触媒に用いた不斉反応について反応条件の最適化を行い、最大48%ee の不斉選択性が発現することを明らかにした。 2. キラルカチオンの配位によるポリアセチレンへのらせん誘起・記憶 側鎖に動的軸性キラルなビフェニル基を有するポリアセチレン (poly-1)が、溶液中だけでなく固体状態でもキラルゲストとの非共有結合相互作用を介して、一方向巻きらせん構造の誘起・記憶の現象を示すことを見出し、この特徴的な性質を利用して溶出順序を自在にスイッチできるキラルカラムの開発に世界で初めて成功している。しかし、poly-1に一方向巻きらせん構造を誘起するには、大過剰量のキラルゲストが必要であった。そこで、poly-1のビフェニル基上の2つのメトキシメトキシ基によって形成される擬クラウンエーテル構造に着目し、キラルアンモニウム塩をキラルゲストに用いることによって、触媒量(0.1当量)でもほぼ完全な一方向巻きらせん構造の誘起と記憶が可能であることを明らかにした。研究課題/領域番号:17H05361, 研究期間(年度):2017-04-01 – 2019-03-31出典:研究課題「らせん高分子と二核金属錯体との指向性配位によるキラル空間の創成と不斉触媒への展開」課題番号17H05361 (KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PUBLICLY-17H05361/)を加工して作成金沢大学ナノ生命科学研究所research repor

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

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