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骨粗鬆性脊椎骨折の力学解析: 椎体骨折はどのようにして生じるのか
Get PDF骨粗鬆症脊椎における骨折の発生機序をコンピュータシミュレーションにより生体力学的に検討した.すなわち,CT撮影した脊椎のデジタルデータから,コンピュータ上で3次元モデルを作成して有限要素解析を行った.女性4人を対象とし,全症例に対し二重エネルギーX線吸収測定法を用いてL1の骨密度を測定した.症例A, B, C, Dの若年成人平均値(young adult mean)は順に98%,75%,63%,46%であった.それぞれの症例に対してL1をCT撮影し,その画像データをもとにMechanical Finder^を用いて有限要素モデルを作成した.L1椎体下縁を完全拘束し,椎体上面から一様な垂直圧縮荷重を負荷し,荷重増分解析を行った.椎体の完全破断は症例A, B, C, Dそれぞれ1400N,1000N,600N,600Nで生じた.椎体に圧縮荷重を負荷すると骨密度に関係なく,全症例においてまず椎体前方で骨折が発生し,さらに大きな荷重が負荷されることにより骨折は椎体前方から側方へ拡がることが分かった.臨床的に前方楔状骨折が多いことが生体力学的に裏付けられた.椎体後方には椎弓根が存在し,椎体後方を支える構造をとるため,相対的に椎体前方の構造が後方に比べて弱くなるので,結果的に椎体前方に応力が集中すると考えた.また,骨粗鬆症のない症例A, Bでは,骨折は椎体後壁にまで及ばなかったが、骨粗鬆症の症例C, Dでは,椎体内の海綿骨での応力強度比が上昇せず,椎体後壁に応力強度比の過度の上昇を認め,椎体後壁にまで骨折が及んだ,これは骨密度が低いと海綿骨の支持性が弱く,荷重を皮質骨のみで受けようとするため,椎体後方の皮質骨にまで応力が集中し,椎体後壁に骨折が生じるものと考えた.骨粗鬆症脊椎骨折では椎体後方の損傷を念頭におき,神経症状の出現に留意する必要がある.研究課題/領域番号:17790995, 研究期間(年度):2005 – 2006出典：「骨粗鬆性脊椎骨折の力学解析-椎体骨折はどのようにして生じるのか-」研究成果報告書 課題番号17790995
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17790995/)を加工して作成金沢大学附属病院research repor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effects of Radiation on Spinal Dura Mater and Surrounding Tissue in Mice
Get PDF本研究により、マウス脊椎への放射線照射後に硬膜外腔の繊維化（fibrosis）が誘発されることが確認され、fibrosis発生の中心的役割を果たすとされるサイトカイン、TGF-β1の過剰発現も認められた。また、髄膜の透過性に強く関与するくも膜バリア細胞層が放射線照射後に菲薄化することが確認された。これらの放射線障害は、照射後の脊椎手術における合併症発生（硬膜損傷や髄液漏）の一因になり得る。This study confirms that epidural fibrosis is induced in the late stages after high-dose irradiation in mice, and that overexpression of TGF-β1 occurs in a manner similar to radiation-induced fibrosis in other tissue. Additionally, thinning of the ABC was observed in the late stages after irradiation. Thus, consideration should be given to the possibility that these phenomena can occur as radiation-induced injuries of the spine.研究課題/領域番号:26462233, 研究期間(年度):2014-04-01 - 2017-03-31出典：「放射線照射が硬膜に及ぼす影響: 照射後髄液漏の原因究明」研究成果報告書 課題番号26462233
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26462233/26462233seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系research repor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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