1,720,967 research outputs found
統合失調症者の地域生活における自己効力感に関する研究
Full text link対象者は男性71名、女性27名の合計98名であり、平均年齢は43.0歳であった。SECL(精神障害者の地域生活に対する自己効力感尺度)総得点の平均値は68.6点であった。SECL総得点と属性(年齢、性別、同居の有無、入院回数、入院期間、発症年齢、通所の有無)の間に有意な相関は認められなかった。またSECLと一般性自己効力感(GSES)には有意な相関はみられなかったが、自尊感情、QOLには中程度の正の相関がみられた。
SECLで最も得点が高かった下位尺度は「治療に関する行動得点」(20.2点)であり、最も低かった下位尺度は「対人関係得点」(17.2点)であった。最も得点が高かった項目は「約束どおり病院へ通う」(4.6点)、「処方されたくすりをきちんとのむ」(4.4点)であり、低かった項目は「自分から人とつき合ったり、友人をつくる」(3.3点)、「必要なときに公的な援助サービス(役所・保健所など)を利用する」(3.5点)、「くすりの副作用があらわれたとき、自分で気づく」(3.5点)であった。
スタッフの評価による生活技能プロフィール(LSP)とSECL、QOLの間にそれぞれ中程度の正の相関がみられた。SECL下位尺度とLSP下位尺度の間では、11の項目間で有意な正の相関はみられたが、負の相関はみられなかった。よって統合失調症者の主観評価とスタッフによる生活技能の客観評価には大きなずれはみられず、現実検討能力は維持できていると言える。
以上より、統合失調症者の地域生活における自己効力感を高めるためには、自尊感情やQOLの向上に焦点を合わせた介入が必要であることが示唆された。さらに、対人関係や公的な援助サービスの利用等について、自信を持って自らが積極的に行動できるような働きかけを行うことが重要であると考えられる。研究課題/領域番号:17791672, 研究期間(年度):2005 – 2007出典：「統合失調症者の地域生活における自己効力感に関する研究」研究成果報告書 課題番号17791672
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17791672/)を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系research repor
Narrative approach to patients with depression with a history of the suicide attempt
Full text link自殺未遂が原因で入院となったうつ病あるいは双極性障害患者11名を対象に、ナラティヴ・アプローチを活用した非構造化面接を行い、その内容を質的帰納的に分析した。その結果、自殺に至るまでの感情および状況として【常在する自殺念慮】【強い孤独感】【長年にわたる家族への我慢】【価値のない自分】【生への絶望感】【自殺の衝動】の6カテゴリー、自殺企図後の感情および状況として【死への執着】【自殺の肯定】【医療者への隠された本音】【抑うつ状態の持続】【家族からの疎外感】【先がみえない不安】【自殺念慮の緩和】【再生への意欲の芽生え】の8カテゴリーが抽出された。Participants were 11 people with depression or bipolar disorder were hospitalized due to their attempted suicide. Unstructured interviews based on narrative approach were conducted, and qualitative method was used to analyze. As a result, six categories,[suicidal ideation that always exist][strong sense of loneliness][endurance over family for long years][valueless self][despair to life][impulse of suicide]were extracted as emotions and conditions they had before their suicide attempt. There were eight categories extracted as emotions and conditions they had after their suicide attempt, and they were [obsession with death][affirmation of suicide][real intention hidden to the medical professions][continuation of depression][sense of alienation from the family][anxiety of future that cannot be seen][evaluation of the interview][sprouting desire to live again].研究課題/領域番号:23792701, 研究期間(年度):2011-2012出典：研究課題「自殺企図歴のあるうつ病患者へのナラティブアプローチ」課題番号23792701
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23792701/23792701seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Structure of suicidal ideation and difficult experiences among community-dwelling persons with schizophrenia
Full text link本研究の目的は、地域で生活する統合失調症をもつ人が自殺念慮を含む困難を抱えたとき、どのような主観的体験をし、それらにどのように対処したかを明らかにすることである。半構造化インタビューより得られたデータをKJ法を用いて構造化した結果、【発症への当惑】【死につながる孤独感】【無力感と死への希求】【偏見へのおびえ】【危うい関係】【危うい日常】【心の拠りどころ】【克服の意志】【あきらめない希望】【病気とともに生きている】が抽出された。この結果は、看護師が統合失調症をもつ人の困難な経験を共有し、彼らの視点でリカバリープロセスに寄り添って支援を行う必要があることを示唆している。This descriptive study is a qualitative inductive investigation aimed at understanding the difficulties of people with schizophrenia. We explored the subjective experiences of nine community-dwelling people with schizophrenia by conducting semi-structured interviews asking them about past difficulties, including suicidal ideation, and how they coped. The KJ method was used to structure the data. We identified 10 symbol marks: bewilderment by onset; helplessness and longing for death; solitude linked to death; precarious daily life; precarious relationships; fear of being stigmatized; pillars of emotional support; will to overcome; hope to never give up; and living with the illness.
The results suggest that nurses need to share their difficult experiences interacting with people with schizophrenia and support them through the recovery process from their own perspective.研究課題/領域番号:17K12450, 研究期間(年度):2017-04-01 - 2021-03-31出典：「地域生活を送る統合失調症をもつ人の自殺念慮の体験とその対処方法に関する研究」研究成果報告書 課題番号17K12450
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17K12450/17K12450seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
A nursing approach thata leads to "Developing motivation for life" for persons with depression who attempted suicide
Full text link自殺企図を行ったうつ病あるいは双極性障害をもつ者の希死念慮を緩和していく過程における語りの変化と研究者の関わりを明らかにすることを目的として、ナラティヴ・アプローチの原則に基づいた非構造化面接を行った。その結果、【死への執着】【自殺前と変わらない孤独感】【先がみえない不安】【現実に直面することによる自信喪失】【生きることに気もちが向く】【生への意欲の芽生え】の6つのカテゴリーが抽出された。
参加者は生と死の間を揺れ動きながらも前に進んでいること、一度は自ら死を選ぶほどの絶望の淵に立たされた人であっても、わずかながらの希望をもち将来に向かって歩き始めていることが明らかになった。This study examined to clarify changes after talking to alleviate suicidal ideation in persons with depression or bipolar disorder who have attempted suicide, and to clarify the role of the researcher in this process. Data was collected through unstructured interviews. The following six categories were extracted as a result of analyzing the narratives of depressed individuals who attempted suicide: [Obsession with death], [Loneliness the same as before the suicide attempt], [Anxiety about an uncertain future], [Losing self-confidence by confronting reality], [Feeling inclined to live], and [Developing motivation for life].
The results of this study clearly show that after a suicide attempt patients with depression were moving forward yet still vacillating between life and death. Even those who were hopeless and desperate enough to choose their own death had taken definite steps toward the future.研究課題/領域番号:25670993, 研究期間(年度):2013-04-01 - 2017-03-31出典：「自殺企図後のうつ病者を「生への意欲」につなげる看護アプローチ」研究成果報告書 課題番号25670993
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-25670993/25670993seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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