1,721,037 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Role of MCP-1/CCR2 in renal fibrosis
Full text link細胞の遊走・活性化能を有するケモカインmonocyte chemoattractant protin-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2およびその受容体CCR2に焦点をあて,進行性腎間質線維化機構化への関与ならびに治療標的分子としての可能性について検討した.
(1)MCP-1/CCR2のヒト間質線維化への関与
ヒト炎症性腎疾患,糖尿病性腎症ならびに膜性腎症例においてMCP-1/CCR2は主として間質に陽性であった.尿中MCP-1値は尿細管萎縮,間質線維化ならびに浸潤マクロファージと正の相関を示し,進行性間質病変にはたすMCP-1の関与が推測された.このことからMCP-1/CCR2は病因を問わず尿細管間質障害に病態特異的に関与し,共通の進展因子である可能性が示された.これはMCP-1/CCR2が標的分子として治療戦略上重要であることを示唆する.
(2)MCP-1/CCR2を治療標的分子とした間質線維化治療の基礎的検討
コントロールマウスに一側尿管結紮術モデルを作成し4,7,14日目にと殺した結果,進行性の間質線維化に加えて,尿細管萎縮ならびにF4/80陽性マクロファージ浸潤が確認された.この過程において,間質内I型コラーゲンはタンパクならびにmRNA発現がいずれも亢進していた.加えて線維化に関与するTGF-β発現も亢進していた.7NDによる遺伝子治療,CCR2欠損マウスならびにpropagermanium投与によりMCP-1/CCR2のシグナル伝達を阻害した.その結果,進行性間質線維化の改善とともに,I型コラーゲン,TGF-β発現は低下した.さらにF4/80陽性マクロファージを主体とする間質内細胞浸潤はいずれのMCP-1/CCR2阻害においても有意に抑制された.さらに主として間質に発現が増強するMCP-1は,MCP-1/CCR2抑制によりその発現が減少した.以上,腎間質線維化に至る尿細管・間質障害の進展過程において,腎疾患の病因を問わない共通進展因子としてのMCP-1/CCR2の意義ならびに治療標的分子としての可能性が示された.Studies of chemokines and their cognate receptors have shed light on the detailed molecular mechanisms of leukocyte trafficking and activation in various inflammatory diseases including renal ones.Chemokine receptors expressed on renal resident cells might be involved in proliferation, proteinuria and fibrogenesis.Novel biological functions of chemokines would expand their universe beyond chemotaxis and activation of inflammatory cells in renal diseases. Importantly, MCP-1 and its cognate receptor CCR2 are now considered to contribute to progressive renal fibrosis, which is a hallmark of progressive renal diseases despite their etiologies, including diabetic nephropathy.The selective intervention of MCP-1-CCR2 via the administration of anti-MCP-1 neutralizing antibodies, CCR2 antagonists and the MCP-1 mutant ameliorated progressive renal fibrosis by resulting in decrease in the deposit of type I collagen and in reduced expression of TGF-p. This MCP-1-CCR2-dependent loop for progressive renal fibrosis was confirmed in CCR2 gene targeted mice.These findings suggest that the therapeutic strategy of blocking MCP-1-CCR2 may prove beneficial for progressive renal fibrosis.研究課題/領域番号:14571019, 研究期間(年度):2002-2003出典：「ケモカイン受容体を介した腎間質線維化機構とその制御」研究成果報告書 課題番号14571019
(KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）)
本文データは著者版報告書より作成research repor
Role of fibrocytes, a newly identified tone marrow-derived cells, in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis
Full text link腎線維化は進行性腎臓病の共通進展経路であり、その機序解明と治療戦略構築は重要な課題である。本研究において、新規の骨髄由来白血球系細胞、fibrocyteに着目し腎線維化における関与を検討した。1)fibrocyteの腎間質線維化機序への関与とその治療標的としての可能性:
腎線維化におけるfibrocyteの意義をマウス一側尿管結紮モデル(UUO)を用いて検討した。CD45/I型コラーゲン共陽性fibrocyteは皮髄境界領域を中心に浸潤し線維化進展に伴い増加した。CCL21/CCR7阻害にて,CD45/I型コラーゲン二重陽性fibrocyte浸潤の減少とともに間質線維化の改善を認めた。2)各種ヒト腎臓病例におけるfibrocyteの意義:各種腎臓病115例において、fibrocyteは間質を中心に浸潤し、腎機能と負相関、線維化と正相関した。3)腎線維化におけるレニン・アンジオテンシン系(RAS)とfibrocyteの関連:UUOにおいて、浸潤fibrocyte数、腎線維化面積、腎内Co1ImRNA発現はangiotensinII(AII)受容体type2欠損マウス(AT2k/o)において対照マウスに比し高値であり、AT1阻害薬投与でいずれも減少した。骨髄中のfibrocytes数は、AT2k/oにおいて対照に比し高値であり、AT1阻害薬投与投与でいずれも減少した。(まとめ)fibrocyteはCCL21/CCR7シグナリングによる腎浸潤および活性化を介して腎線維化に関与する。さらにRASは骨髄・腎におけるfibrocyte増殖・活性化調節を介して腎線維化に関与することが示唆された。RAS阻害薬の腎はじめ臓器線維化抑制効果の少なくとも一部は、fibrocyteの制御を介している可能性が示された。Fibrocytes are supposed to be a circulating connective tissue cell progenitor that consists of a novel population of peripheral blood cells. This distinct population of blood-borne cells shares markers of leukocytes as well as mesenchymal cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that fibrosis is characteristic of progressive chronic kidney diseases of any etiologies, resulting in kidney failure. We have uncovered that CCR7-positive fibrocytes migrate into the kidney in response to secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) and contribute to kidney fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice. In addition, the blockade of CCL21/CCR7 signaling by anti-CCL21 antibodies reduced kidney fibrosis, which was confirmed by a decrease in fibrosis in CCR7-null mice with concomitant reduction in macrophage recruitment along with reduced renal transcripts of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2). In addition, angiotensin receptor type 1 /type 2 signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis by at least two mechanisms: (1) by regulating the number of fibrocytes in bone marrow, and (2) by direct activation of fibrocytes via these two receptors. These findings suggest that fibrocytes dependent on CCL21/CCR7 signaling pathways and renin-angiotensin system contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis, thereby providing that regulating fibrocytes may provide a novel therapeutic benefit for kidney fibrosis.研究課題/領域番号:18590887, 研究期間(年度):2006-2007出典：「骨髄由来細胞を介した新規の腎線維化機序の解析」研究成果報告書 課題番号18590887
(KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）)
本文データは著者版報告書より作成research repor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Possible involvement of CD45+/collagen I+ dual positive cells in renal fibrosis and cardiorenal syndrome
Full text linkCD45/I型コラーゲン二重陽性細胞に着目し、腎間質線維化ならびに心線維化を中心とした心腎連関への関与を検討した。この線維化を基盤とする心腎連関モデルの作成により、CD45/I型コラーゲン二重陽性細胞の心ならびに腎の線維化への関与が示唆された。また、臨床的に線維化を反映する臨床検査診断法の確立への期待は強い。今回、CD45/I型コラーゲン二重陽性細胞の測定系が樹立され、今後、臨床上の有用性を検討していきたい。CD45^Collagen I^+ dual positive cells migrate into fibrotic kidney dependent on chemokine system, which may promote and escalate chronic inflammatory processes and possible interaction with resident stromal cells, thereby perpetuating renal fibrosis. In addition, our present data suggest the possible involvement of CD45^+/Collagen I^+ dual positive cells in cardiac fibrosis, closely related to renal lesions. Furthermore, the detection of CD45^+/Collagen I^+ dual positive cells in circulation has been established in this study.出典：研究課題「心腎連関機序: 新規骨髄由来細胞の関与とその臨床評価システムの構築」課題番号20590952
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20590952/20590952seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系research repor
Comparison of outcomes and their related risk factors observed in Asian patients with those in Japanese diabetic nephropathey patients
Full text linkアジアの糖尿病性腎症の予後調査、予後関連因子解析、国際比較を目的とした。本邦の糖尿病性腎症の予後関連因子、予後判定のためのスコアリングを確立した（Wada, et al. Clin Exp Nephrol 2014）。これを用いて、アジアコホート間で比較調査を行った。日本腎臓学会、Asian Forum of CKD Initiativeと連携し、糖尿病性腎症のアジア共同研究体制を構築した。台湾2大学のコホートで予後評価を行った。予後関連因子としてのアルブミン尿の重要性、本邦の予後推定スコアリングの有効性を示した。アジアの他コホートを用いた国際調査も進行している。This study was aimed to compare outcomes and their related risk factors in patients with diabetic nephropathy among Asian countries based on our Japanese database in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Our study strongly showed that the presence of macroalbuminuria increased the adjusted hazard ratios for kidney event (Wada, et al. Clin Exp Nephrol 2014). Diabetic nephropathy score, based on the prognostic factors, well predicted incidence rates per 1000 patient/year for kidney event, cardiovascular events and death. Then, we have established international collaborative research team on diabetic nephropathy among Asian countries. The results of advanced diabetic patients from Taiwanese diabetic cohorts confirmed that albuminuria was of importance for kidney prognosis. In addition, these showed that related prognostic risk factors from our Japanese database were closely relevant to those of Asian diabetic nephropathy patients.研究課題/領域番号:24406028, 研究期間(年度):2012-04-01 - 2015-03-31出典：研究課題「アジア系人種における糖尿病性腎症の予後調査と予後規定因子の国際比較研究」課題番号24406028
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-24406028/24406028seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系research repor
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