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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Establishment of a health management support system to be used in disaster situations for patients receiving home-based care and their families
Get PDF全国の地域包括支援センターと居宅介護支援事業所を対象とし、926事業所を利用している在宅介護家族の災害時の健康管理支援体制に関する実態と課題を明らかにした。A市内の訪問サービスと通所サービスの全ての事業所を対象とし、72事業所の利用者の個別災害時健康管理支援の計画と、災害時の連携と役割について分析した。以上の結果より、要支援者と要介護者の災害の備えを進めていくためには、行政、在宅関連施設、および地域住民とともに進めていく必要性が示唆された。
学生も含めた在宅医療職の防災ネットワークをつくるため、在宅介護家族の災害時健康管理支援に関する共同学習会を3回行った。さらに地域住民に防災健康教育を行った。Among 926 Community General Support Centers and Home Care Support Offices in Japan, we investigated the current status and issues concerning health management support systems to be used in disaster situations for home-based patients and their families. We focused on 72 facilities providing home-visit care and day care services, and analyzed individual health management support programs to be used in disaster situations, as well as cooperation and roles required during a disaster. The results showed that cooperation among the government, home-based care facilities, and community residents is necessary for disaster preparedness for individuals requiring support or care.
We held three joint workshops on health management support to be provided in disaster situations for patients and their families to build a disaster prevention network for home care workers and students. We also provided community residents with disaster prevention and health care education.研究課題/領域番号:24390504, 研究期間(年度):2013-04-01 - 2016-03-31出典：研究課題「在宅介護家族の災害時健康管理支援システムの構築」課題番号24390504
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-24390504/24390504seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
Development of care activities with light physical load in the home health care environment
Get PDFおむつ交換等の際に身体負荷の少ない在宅介護動作を明らかにするため,学生27名の介護中の下半身主動作筋活動量,心拍数,血圧,疲労感を計測した。介護環境と技術による負荷の違いを明らかにするため,布団とベッド,自己流と技術習得後の介護時を比較した。腰痛予防ベルトの効果を解明するため,ベルト装着の有無を比較した。
腰部筋活動量はベッドの方が多かった。技術習得後の方が筋活動量は少なかった。心拍数と血圧は布団の方が高かった。疲労感に違いは見られなかった。ベルト装着による腰部筋活動量の減少は見られなかった。This study examined home health care activities with light physical load on the body when taking care of elderly family members. Surface electromyograms of main muscles in the lower back, heart rate, blood pressure and fatigue status were examined in 27 students performing home care activities such as diaper changing. We compared the impact of care activities applied to elderly subjects on a futon mat with those on a bed, and the impact of using self-taught caring techniques with that of using trained caring techniques. These comparisons were to determine the influence of care environment and care technique. We also compared the impact of the care activities in the presence and absence of wearing a lumbago prevention belt.
The movements of the lower back muscles were greater when taking care of elderly on a bed. These movements were lessened after acquisition of caring techniques. Heart rate and blood pressure were higher when taking care of the elderly on futon mat. Fatigue status was not significantly different under any of the tested conditions. No decreases in muscle movements of the lower back were identified when wearing the lumbago prevention belt.出典：研究課題「在宅介護における身体負荷の少ない介護動作の開発」課題番号19390566
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19390566/19390566seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Physical and mental effects of nighttime home-care on care-providing family members
Get PDF目的
在宅における夜間介護が家族の血圧動態と疲労感に及ぼす影響を明らかにする。
方法
睡眠中断時の血圧動態の基礎研究を行った上で、了解を得た家族介護者80名の血圧と疲労感を分析した。方法は、24時間血圧日内変動測定(携帯用血圧モニタシステム:米国SpaceLabs社製ABP90217)、24時間活動量測定(Actigraph:米国A.M.I社製MicroMini型)より睡眠・覚醒判定、主婦用蓄積的疲労徴候インデックス調査、自記式行動調査、面接調査を行った。分析は、降圧剤内服の有無別に性と年齢を考慮して夜間介護者(夜間群)と日中介護者(日中群)間の血圧と疲労感を比較した。さらに睡眠状況と血圧の関係を分析した。
結果
1.非内服者の2群の比較:夜間群29名(女22名、62.0±10.0歳、就床7.4±1.2時間,覚醒2.2±1.5回、夜間実睡眠6.1±1.2時間、熟睡感無し55.2%)、日中群27名(女25名、63.3±11.1歳、就床6.5±1.6時間、覚醒0.6±0.7回、夜間実睡眠5.9±1.4時間、熟睡感無し18.5%)であり、夜間の就床時間、覚醒回教、熟睡感に差がみられた。収縮血圧の夜間降下値は、夜間群21.4±、12.9mmHg、日中群22.0±10.5mmHg、拡張血圧は夜間群14.9±8.1mmHg、日中群16.5±7.9mmHgであり、差はみられなかった。高血圧要治療者として夜間群8名と日中群9名を確認した。
2.非内服女性の2群の比較:血圧に違いはみられなかった。
3.内服者24名の2群の比較:血圧に違いはみられなかった。
4.女性の疲労感の2群の比較:夜間群の方が訴え率は低かった。
5.睡眠状況と血圧:夜間の実睡眠時間と覚醒回数に血圧との関係がみられた。
結論
夜間介護による血圧と疲労感への影響は明らかにならなかったが、睡眠状況による影響が示唆された。Objective : This study investigated effects of nighttime home-care on the blood pressure and sense of fatigue of care-providing family members.
Methods : After a basic study of changes in the blood pressure with sleep interruptions, 80 care-providing family members were investigated using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, sleep-awake judgments by an Actigraph, the Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Index-Housewife questionnaire, and a self-recording of activities. These were compared between nighttime care-providers(nighttime group) and daytime care-providers(daytime group) separately in those who were receiving depressor medication(medicated group) and those who were not(non-medicated group) according to the gender and age. The relationship between the state of sleep and blood pressure was also analyzed.
Results : 1.Comparison in non-medicated subjects : The non-medicated subjects were 29 nighttime care-providers(22 females, age 62.0±10.0 years) and 27 daytime care-providers(25 females, age 63.3±11.1 years). Differences were observed in the time spent in bed, frequency of awakening, and percentage of subjects who complained of not having slept well. No difference was observed in the blood pressure. Hypertension that needed treatment was observed in 8 in the nighttime group and 9 in the daytime group. 2.Comparison in non-medicated females : No difference was observed in the blood pressure. 3.Comparison in 24 medicated subjects : No difference was observed in the blood pressure. 4.Comparison of the sense of fatigue in females : The sense of fatigue was weaker in the nighttime group. 5.State of sleep and blood pressure : The actual time of sleep and frequency of awakening were related to the blood pressure.
Conclusions : No effect of nighttime care on the blood pressure or the sense of fatigue was found, but effects of the state of sleep were suggested.研究課題/領域番号:12672264, 研究期間(年度):2000-2003出典：「在宅における夜間介護が介護家族の心身に及ぼす影響」研究成果報告書 課題番号12672264
(KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）)
本文データは著者版報告書より作成research repor
A multi-approach longitudinal study on nighttime care at home and changes in blood pressure and fatigue in family caregivers
Get PDF本研究は,夜間介護が家族介護者の血圧動態と疲労に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的として,100名の家族介護者の24時間睡眠状況,24時間血圧日内変動,および疲労感の実態を明らかにして,これらの関係性を分析した。また,影響要因を明らかにするため,要介護者の24時間睡眠状況と同一者の追跡調査を行った。
その結果,高齢の家族介護者は,降圧剤内服の有無にかかわらず血圧管理が重要であることが明らかになった。特に,女性介護者の降圧剤の非内服者で血圧値が高い者と降圧剤の内服者において,睡眠状況と血圧動態・疲労感との関係性が示唆され,適切な睡眠の確保が必要であると考える。
家族介護者と要介護者の24時間の睡眠状況を同時に測定した結果,家族介護者の睡眠は要介護者の睡眠の影響が大きいことが示唆された。したがって,要介護者が適切な睡眠を確保できるように睡眠環境を整えていくことが大切であると考える。
家族介護者の3年後は,日中の仮眠時間と24時間の睡眠時間が長くなっていた。特に,3年後に介護していなかった者においては疲労感が軽減していた。これらのことから,疲労感の軽減は,加齢のため睡眠時間を長くとるようにしたことに加え,介護役割がなくなったことによる影響が考えられる。
夜間介護で最も多いおむつ交換の介護動作時の身体負荷を明らかにする方法を確立するため,筋電計を用いたパイロットスタディを行った。本研究方法により,介護動作と動作時の血圧動態を測定することが可能であることが示唆された。
今後,さらに各事例の詳細な分析と縦断調査を継続するとともに,介護動作時の身体への負荷と介護環境から受ける影響について調査し,要介護者だけでなく,家族介護者の心身の健康を維持できる在宅での介護方法を明らかにしていきたい。To clarify the influences of nighttime care on blood pressure and fatigue in family caregivers, we evaluated the 24-hour sleep status, diurnal changes in blood pressure, and chronic fatigue in 100 family caregivers, and analyzed their association. To clarify influential factors, the 24-hour sleep status in caregivers was evaluated, and a follow-up survey was performed.
The results of our study showed the importance of blood pressure control in aged family caregivers irrespective of the use of antihypertensive drugs. In particular, in female caregivers with high blood pressure either using or not using antihypertensive drugs, there were associations between the sleep status and changes in blood pressure/ fatigue, suggesting the necessity for adequate sleep.
The sleep status of family caregivers and that of people with care needs were evaluated by simultaneous measurement. The sleep status in the family caregivers was markedly affected by that of people with care needs. Therefore, the slee p environment should be improved so that people with care needs can get adequate sleep.
After 3 years, the sleep time during the daytime and that during the 24-hour period increased in the family caregivers. In particular, fatigue decreased in the family caregivers no longer giving care after 3 years. These results suggest that the decrease in fatigue in the caregivers is due to their efforts to sleep more because of aging and the disappearance of their care role.
To establish a method of clarifying the load of care motion on the body during a change of diapers, a pilot study using an electromyography was performed. The results suggested that the measurement of changes in blood pressure during care motions is possible by the method used in this study.
In the future, we will continue to perform detailed analysis of each case and a longitudinal survey, investigate the load of care motions on the body and the influences of the care environment, and clarify care methods at home that allow the maintenance of the physical and psychological health of not only people with care needs but also their caregivers.研究課題/領域番号:16592197, 研究期間(年度):2004-2006出典：「在宅における夜間介護と家族の血圧動態と疲労に関する多角的および縦断的研究」研究成果報告書 課題番号16592197
(KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）)
本文データは著者版報告書より作成research repor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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