1,721,370 research outputs found
Validierung des Schüttelverfahrens DIN 19527 für organische Schadstoffe
No full textDie im Jahre 1999 in Kraft getretene Bundes-Bodenschutz- und Altlastenverordnung (BBodSchV) befindet sich gegenwärtig in der Phase der Novellierung. Darüber hinaus ist die Einführung einer Ersatzbaustoffverordnung zur Verwertung mineralischer Abfälle vorgesehen. Beide Verordnungen erfordern für eine Gefahrenbeurteilung Prüfwerte, die auf der Grundlage validierter Elutionsverfahren hergeleitet sind. Im DIN-Normenausschuss NA 119-01-02-05 UA „Elutionsverfahren“ wurden Anfang 2009 zwei Normen zur Elution von Feststoffen verabschiedet. DIN 19528 beinhaltet ein Säulenverfahren zur grundlegenden Charakterisierung und für die Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung sowohl für anorganische Stoffe als auch für organische Stoffe (nur polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe - PAK) und DIN 19529 ein Schüttelverfahren für anorganische Stoffe mit einem Wasser- Feststoffverhältnis von 2 l/kg. Beide Normen wurden auf der Grundlage von Ringversuchen validiert. Die Diskussion zur Erarbeitung eines Schüttelverfahrens für organische Stoffe verlief zunächst äußerst konträr. Auf Initiative von Kördel wurde zur Erarbeitung von E DIN 19527 (Schüttelverfahren für organische Stoffe mit einem Wasser-/Feststoffverhältnis von 2 l/kg) ein Ringversuch organisiert, bei dem zwar unterschiedliche Bodenarten Berücksichtigung fanden, die organischen Schadstoffe aber auf PAK beschränkt blieben. In einem Forschungsvorhaben zur Bewertung der Robustheit von E DIN 19527 zeigte sich, dass eine einfache Übertragung der Ergebnisse mit PAK-belasteten Böden auf andere Schadstoffgruppen nicht ohne Weiteres möglich ist.
Für beide o. g. Verordnungen war es somit erforderlich, das Schüttelverfahren auch für weitere prioritäre organische Schadstoffgruppen wie Mineralölkohlenwasserstoffe (MKW), polychlorierte Biphenyle (PCB) und Phenole in Böden und Bodenmaterialien zu validieren.
In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse von Ringversuchen zur Validierung von DIN 19527 vorgestellt, bei denen zwei unterschiedliche mit prioritären organischen Schadstoffen kontaminierte Böden/Bodenmaterialien eingesetzt wurden
Susceptibility to Malignant Hyperthermia.
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19527.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)In this thesis the author studied the diagnostic procedures for susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH), with special emphasis upon refining the biological diagnostic test and improving protocols and guidelines for investigation of MH susceptibility. MH is a pharmacogenetic disease of skeletal muscle which is mainly of concern during and following anaesthesia. Abnormalities in the calcium release channel of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum, the ryanodine receptor, have been implicated as the central factor in the cause of the MH syndrome. The in vitro muscle contracture test (IVCT) is the standard test to establish an individual's risk of susceptibility to MH. The diagnostic sensitivity of 99.0% and the accompanying specificity of 93.6% of the standard halothane-caffeine IVCT have been determined in a joint European study. Sevoflurane, a potent inhalational anaesthetic agent that is structurally similar to halothane, has been able to trigger an abnormal contracture in human muscle in vitro. The IVCT is invasive, time consuming and it is a technically demanding test that requires expertise. Cultured skeletal muscle cells, obtained by percutaneous needle biopsies may well be applied in diagnostic tests for MH susceptibility since the dose-dependant Ca2+ response in cultured muscle cells of MH-susceptible individuals is significantly different from that of control individuals after exposure to halothane. Because MH displays a high level of locus heterogeneity, it is not feasible to diagnose MH susceptibility, and, more specifically, to exclude MH risk, on the basis of a simple genetic test alone. Clinical practitioners and geneticists of the European MH Group have agreed on guidelines for the detection of MH susceptibility using molecular genetic techniques. Evaluation of the diagnostic procedure in 4 European MH investigation units helped to gain an insight into the need for further standardisation and quality assurance for the diagnosis of MH.KUN Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, 11 november 2004Promotor : Sengers, R.C.A. Co-promotor : Gielen, M.J.M.136 p
Evaluierung von Elutionsmethoden - Durchführung von Robustheitsuntersuchungen zur Validierung von E DIN 19527 für ausgewählte Böden und Bodenmaterialien mit prioritären organischen Schadstoffen
No full textZiel des Vorhabens ist es, die Robustheit des Schüttelverfahrens nach E DIN 19527 mit einem Wasser-/Feststoffverhältnis von 2 l/kg für unterschiedliche Bodenarten und Bodenmaterialien zu überprüfen. Gleichzeitig soll bei diesen Untersuchungen das Stoffspektrum auf weitere prioritäre organische Kontaminanten erweitert werden. Dies stellt die Voraussetzung für die Durchführung von Ringversuchen zur Validierung der Norm DIN 19527 dar
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Assessing regional climate models (RCMs) ensemble-driven reference evapotranspiration over Spain
Get PDFThe present work applies a novel methodology of combining multiple Regional Climate Models (RCMs) (or ensemble) that are based on the seasonal and annual variability of temperatures over Spain, which allows for the quantification and reduction of uncertainty in the projections of temperature based-potential evapotranspiration. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is one of the most important variables in water budgets. Therefore, the uncertainties in the identification of reliable trends of reference evapotranspiration should be taken into account for water planning and hydrological modeling under climate change scenarios. From the results over Spain, the RCMs ensemble reproduces well the yearly and seasonal temperature observed dataset for the time reference period 1961–1990. An increase in the ensemble-driven ETo for time period 2021–2050 over Spain is expected, which is motivated by an increase in maximum and minimum temperature, with the consequent negative impacts on water availability.The authors acknowledge the financial support of Fundación Séneca grant number 19527/PI/14, Agency of Science and Technology of Murcia Region in the framework of PCTIRM 2011–2014, Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia (Spain)
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