1,721,396 research outputs found
Oscillatory neuronal synchronization in primary visual cortex as a correlate of stimulus selection
No full textContains fulltext :
17342.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Numerical Simulation as a Tool for Approval of Motorcyclist Protection Systems (MPS) : Literature Review, Market Overview, and Recommendations for Continued Work on CEN/TS 17342
No full textDenna rapport utgör en förstudie där vi utvärderar möjligheten att använda numerisk simulering som ett komplement till fysisk krockprovning enligt CEN/TS 17342. Litteraturstudien visar att simulering med programvaran LS-Dyna kan uppnå god överensstämmelse med fysiska krockprov, både vad gäller skadeparametrar (huvudskador och nackkompression) och kinematik. Provmetoden är dock känslig för variationer i initiala förhållanden, särskilt huvudets höjd vid islag, vilket påverkar repeterbarheten. Marknadsöversikten visar att de flesta MPS-produkter (Motorcyclist Protection System) är utvecklade för balkräcken och att det saknas lösningar för vajer- och betongräcken. Inga kommersiellt tillgängliga produkter kunde hittas som fokuserar på olyckor där motorcyklisten fortfarande sitter kvar på motorcykeln vid kollision med ett vägräcke. I denna rapport inkluderas funktionalitet hos sådana överglidningsprodukter i begreppet MPS. Ett stort hinder för utveckling är kravet på upprepad provning av hela vägräckessystemet enligt EN 1317–2 när MPS monteras. Rapporten föreslår åtgärder för att främja utveckling och implementering av MPS i Sverige: Utveckling av validerade simuleringsmodeller för svenska vägräckestyper, med kvantitativ validering mot skadeindex enligt CEN/TS 17342. Förenklade provningsmetoder, såsom pendelprov eller kvasistatisk styvhetsprovning. Utveckling av fristående MPS-lösningar som inte inkräktar på vägräckets funktion och därmed inte kräver omprövning enligt EN 1317–2. Stöd till CEN/TC 226/WG1 genom svenska tekniska studier och förslag till revidering av CEN/TS 17342. Nationellt pilotprojekt för ett utvecklat MPS överåkningsskydd, med fokus på att hantera olyckor där motorcyklister glider ovanpå eller över räcket, i avsaknad av internationell standard. Genom att öppna upp för simulering som en metod vid godkännande av MPS ges branschen nya möjligheter att ta fram innovativa skyddssystem. Detta möjliggör kortare utvecklingstider och lägre kostnader vilket i förlängningen bidrar till en säkrare vägmiljö för motorcyklister. Under 2017–2021 omkom i genomsnitt 3,4 motorcyklister per år, i kollisioner med ett vägräcke. Det finns en dokumenterad potential att rädda liv genom förbättrad säkerhetsfunktion hos vägräcken.This report presents a feasibility study evaluating the potential of using numerical simulation as a complement to crash testing according to CEN/TS 17342. The literature review demonstrates that simulation can achieve good agreement with crash tests, both in terms of injury metrics (head injuries and neck compression) and kinematics. However, the test method is sensitive to initial conditions, particularly the height of the head at impact, which affects repeatability. The market overview reveals that most MPS (Motorcyclist Protection System) products are developed for steel barriers, and that solutions for other types of barriers are lacking. No commercially available products were found that address accidents where the motorcyclist remains seated on the motorcycle during a collision with a guardrail. In this report, such on-top of barrier functionality products are included in the definition of MPS. A major obstacle is the requirement for repeated testing of the entire guardrail system according to CEN/EN 1317–2 when MPS is installed. The report proposes measures to promote the development and implementation of MPS in Sweden: Development of simulation models for MPS on Swedish guardrail types, with quantitative validation. Simplified test methods, such as pendulum tests or quasi-static testing. Development of guidelines for standalone MPS that do not interfere with the guardrail’s EN 1317-2 performance. Support the revision of CEN/TS 17342 through technical studies. A national pilot project for an MPS override protection system, focusing on accidents where motorcyclists slide on top of or over the barrier, in the absence of an international standard. Simulation as a method for MPS approval gives the industry new opportunities to develop protection systems. Shorter development times and lower costs will contribute to a safer road environment for motorcyclists. Between 2017 and 2021, an average of 3.4 motorcyclists per year died in collisions with guardrails. There is documented potential to save lives through improved implementation of MPS.TRV TS 17342 förstudie/TRV TS 17342 pre-stud
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Risky Behaviours Among Young People Living with HIV Attending Care and Treatment Clinics in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: Implications for Prevention with a Positive Approach.
No full textIntroduction: Prevention with a positive approach has been advocated as one of the main strategies to reduce new instances of HIV infection. Risky sexual behaviours among people living with HIV/AIDS are the cornerstone for this approach. Understanding the extent to which infected individuals practice risky behaviours is fundamental in designing appropriate population-specific interventions. With the HIV infection transmission rates remaining high among young people in sub-Saharan Africa, continued prevention among them remains a priority. This study therefore seeks to describe the magnitude and determinants of risky sexual behaviours among young people living with HIV. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and July 2010 in selected Care and Treatment Clinics (CTCs) in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 282 HIV-positive patients aged 15-24 were interviewed about their sexual behaviours using a questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of unprotected sex was 40.0% among young males and 37.5% among young females (p<0.001). Multiple sexual partnerships were reported by 10.6% of males and 15.9% of females (p<0.005). More than 50% of the participants did not know about the HIV status of their sexual partners. A large proportion of participants had minimal knowledge of transmission (46.7% males vs. 60.4% females) and prevention (65.3% males vs. 73.4% females) of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Independent predictors of condom use included non-use of alcohol [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 0.40 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.17-0.84] and younger age (15-19 years) (AOR, 2.76, 95% CI: 1.05-7.27). Being on antiretroviral therapy (AOR, 0.38, 95% CI: 0.17-0.85) and not knowing partners' HIV sero-status (AOR, 2.62, 95% CI: 1.14-5.10) predicted the practice of multiple sexual partnership. Conclusions: Unprotected sex and multiple sexual partnerships were prevalent among young people living with HIV. Less knowledge on STI and lack of HIV disclosure increased the vulnerability and risk for HIV transmission among young people. Specific intervention measures addressing alcohol consumption, risky sexual behaviours, and STI transmission and prevention knowledge should be integrated in the routine HIV/AIDS care and treatment offered to this age group
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
