1,721,795 research outputs found
Tissue metallothionein, apoptosis and cell proliferation responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr fed elevated dietary cadmium
No full textContains fulltext :
14067.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access
The contribution of ISO 14067 to the evolution of global greenhouse gas standards—A review
No full textDue to the increasing recognition of global climate change, the building and construction industry is under pressure to reduce carbon emissions. A central issue in striving towards reduced carbon emissions is the need for a practicable and meaningful yardstick for assessing and communicating greenhouse gas (GHG) results. ISO 14067 was published by the International Organization for Standardization in May 2013. By providing specific requirements in the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, the standard clarifies the GHG assessment in the aspects of choosing system boundaries and simulating use and end-of-life phases when quantifying carbon footprint of products (CFPs). More importantly, the standard, for the first time, provides step-to-step guidance and standardized template for communicating CFPs in the form of CFP external communication report, CFP performance tracking report, CFP declaration and CFP label. ISO 14067 therefore makes a valuable contribution to GHG quantification and transparent communication and comparison of CFPs. In addition, as cradle-to-grave should be used as the system boundary if use and end-of-life phases can be simulated, ISO 14067 will hopefully promote the development and implementation of simulation technologies, with Building Information Modelling (BIM) in particular, in the building and construction industry
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
CO2 footprint for distribution oil immersed transformers according to ISO 14067:2018
No full textIn the last few decades, climate change and the global warming have emerged as important environmental issues. The cause of
global warming is the increase of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). There are several greenhouse gases responsible for global
warming: water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, nitrous oxides, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and others. They are mostly
the result of the fossil fuels' combustion in cars, buildings, factories, and power plants. The gas responsible for the most of the
global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2). This increase in the greenhouse gas emissions leads to a greater interest of the
consumers, board management and stakeholders in the environmental impact of their activities, products and services.
The verification of the Carbon Footprint of distribution oil immersed transformer, presented in this paper, was recognized as an
opportunity for the company to understand its own environmental impact and to identify inefficiencies and opportunities within
its business.
Carbon Footprint of a Product (CFP) is a rather new term closely related to the greenhouse gas emissions. The CFP is
considered as a total of the greenhouse emissions generated during the life cycle of a product – that is, from raw material
acquisition or generation from natural resources to a final disposal. It is described within the standard ISO 14067:2018 Carbon
footprint of products – Requirements and guidelines for quantification [1]. This standard belongs to the environmental series ISO
14000 and enables the organization to demonstrate its environmental responsibility.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), as well as the Carbon Footprint of products together with environmental impact of the product, are
shown in this paper in accordance with standard ISO 14067:2018. The LCA is a method for the quantification of the
environmental impacts of individual products. It takes into account a complete life cycle, starting from a raw material production,
until the product’s final disposal or materials’ recycling in accordance with ISO 14040 [2] and ISO 14044 [3]. Greenhouse gases
are expressed in mass-based CO2 equivalents (CO2e), which is the unit of measurement in the ISO 14067:2018 standard. The
functional unit in ISO 14067:2018 can be either a product or a service. In this paper, the functional unit was the product – oil
immersed distribution transformer, in four product variations. The LCA scope used in the preparation of this study was "cradle to
gate" – it covers the CFP from the acquisition of the raw materials ("cradle") up to dispatch from the factory ("gate").
The objectives of product life cycle considerations in Končar D&ST Inc. are to reduce the use of natural resources and emissions
to the environment, as well as to improve social performance at different stages of the product life cycle.
By linking the economic and ecological dimension of the production, different aspects during realization of product in all phases
of the life cycle come together. In this way company achieves cleaner products and processes, competitive advantage in the market
and improved platform that will meet the needs of the changing business climate.
Lifecycle thinking is based on the principles of reducing environmental impacts at the beginning of product creation, giving a
wider picture of material and energy flow and ultimately environmental pollution prevention. These principles are organized in
Končar D&ST Inc. internally by planning and introducing cleaner manufacturing processes, environmental protection
management and eco-design.
Incorporating ISO 14067:2018 into company business is recognized as an opportunity for transparent communication to
interested parties, incorporating CO2 emissions into annual reports and as a baseline information for a first step towards
managing carbon emissions
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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