1,721,853 research outputs found
High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of the (12110) and (10000) two-fold symmetric d-Al-Ni-Co quasicrystalline surfaces
Get PDFThe d-Al-Ni-Co quasicrystal exhibits two crystallographically inequivalent twofold symmetric planes: the {10000} and {12110} surface planes. In particular the twofold symmetric surfaces are very interesting since they are spanned by perpendicular periodic and aperiodic axes. We investigated the (12110) surface of two different compositions d-Al70Ni15Co15 and d-Al72.9Ni10.4Co16.7 and the (10000) d-Al72.9Ni10.4Co16.7 surface by means of low-temperature (5 K) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in ultrahigh vacuum. All three surfaces are characterized with atomic resolution and display large and flat terraces with a columnar structure along the periodic axis. Both compositions of the (12110) d-Al-Ni-Co STM investigations revealed that the surface is faceted into {12110} and {10000} facets with a 1: 1 area ratio. The (12110) facets represent the bulk periodicity of 0.4 nm within the prominent columnar structure which is attributed to a stacking of Al dimers. The sequence of the columnar structure along the aperiodic axis as well as the step heights between the (12110) surfaces could be attributed to the pentagonal tiling edge length of the bulk model. Furthermore, the (12110) surface is identified as one of the densest planes in the bulk model possessing a slightly lower Al concentration as the nominal bulk composition. However, a difference in the fine structure within the columns is observed between the two investigated compositions. The (10000) facet presents an identical surface structure as the unfaceted (10000) surface of the quasicrystal. At the (10000) surface two terraces with different surface structures are identified and compared to the bulk model. One of them shows a bias voltage depending structure. In contrast to the bulk model the minimal observed periodicity on the (10000) surface is doubled to 0.8 nm. On the other hand the aperiodic step height sequence and the order of the columnar motifs along the aperiodic axis are in agreement with the bulk model. The height distribution analysis of the (10000) surfaces exhibits that the surface topmost layer consists of planes which are less dense than the (12110) surface planes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A decision support tool for response to global change in marine systems : the IMBER-ADApT Framework
Get PDFAuthor Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Fish and Fisheries 17 (2016): 1183–1193, doi:10.1111/faf.12110.Global change is occurring now, often with consequences far beyond those anticipated. Although there is a wide range of assessment approaches available to address specific aspects of global change, there is currently no framework to identify what governance responses have worked and where, what has facilitated change, and what preventative options are possible. To respond to this need, we present an integrated assessment framework that builds on knowledge learned from past experience of responses to global change, to enable decision makers, researchers, managers and local stakeholders to: (1) make decisions efficiently; (2) triage and improve their responses; and (3) evaluate where to most effectively allocate resources to reduce vulnerability and enhance resilience of coastal peoples. This integrated assessment framework, IMBER-ADApT is intended to enable and enhance decision making through the development a typology of case studies providing lessons on how the natural, social and governance systems respond to the challenges of global change. The typology is developed from a database of case studies detailing the systems affected by change, responses to change and, critically, an appraisal of these responses, generating knowledge-based solutions that can be applied to other comparable situations. Fisheries, which suffer from multiple pressures, are the current focus of the proposed framework, but it could be applied to a wide range of global change issues. IMBER-ADApT has the potential to contribute to timely, cost-effective policy and governing decision making and responses. It offers cross-scale learning to help ameliorate, and eventually prevent, loss of livelihoods, food sources and habitat
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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