1,721,973 research outputs found
ISO 12006-2 and IFC – prerequisites for coordination of standards for classification and interoperability [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThere are two major candidates for Core Ontologies for the construction and facilities management sector, the ISO 12006-2 Framework for classification of information, and the Industry Foundation Classes, IFC. ISO 12006-2 has been developed to harmonize different national and regional classification systems. It is applied world wide in the development of classification systems for everyday use in the construction industry. The IFCs are intended to enable effective information sharing within the AEC/FM industry, but are still mainly at a prototype stage of development. The standards have similar objectives but show fundamental differences in semantics and structure. This work compares the standards and points out similarities and differences, firstly in order to understand their structure, and secondly to initiate a discussion about the need and the possibility to co-ordinate them. An integration of IFC with ISO 12006-2 would facilitate and speed up the application in everyday practise of object-based information management. According to the documentation, the starting point of IFC was to reject classification, and therefore integration with ISO 12006-2 would require a major shift of approach. Development of a common meta model, a generic domain model, and a coordinated domain framework are con-sidered necessary tasks
ISO 12006-2 and IFC – prerequisites for coordination of standards for classification and interoperability
No full textThere are two major candidates for Core Ontologies for the construction and facilities management sector, the ISO 12006-2 Framework for classification of information, and the Industry Foundation Classes, IFC. ISO 12006-2 has been developed to harmonize different national and regional classification systems. It is applied world wide in the development of classification systems for everyday use in the construction industry. The IFCs are intended to enable effective information sharing within the AEC/FM industry, but are still mainly at a prototype stage of development. The standards have similar objectives but show fundamental differences in semantics and structure. This work compares the standards and points out similarities and differences, firstly in order to understand their structure, and secondly to initiate a discussion about the need and the possibility to co-ordinate them. An integration of IFC with ISO 12006-2 would facilitate and speed up the application in everyday practise of object-based information management. According to the documentation, the starting point of IFC was to reject classification, and therefore integration with ISO 12006-2 would require a major shift of approach. Development of a common meta model, a generic domain model, and a coordinated domain framework are con-sidered necessary tasks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Beyond the glass ceiling: The glass cliff and its lessons for organizational policy
No full textJournal ArticleCopyright © 2014 The Society for the Psychological Study of Social IssuesThis is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Bruckmüller, S., Ryan, M. K., Rink, F. and Haslam, S. A. (2014), Beyond the Glass Ceiling: The Glass Cliff and Its Lessons for Organizational Policy. Social Issues and Policy Review, 8: 202–232. doi: 10.1111/sipr.12006, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sipr.12006/abstract .It has been almost 30 years since the metaphor of the "glass ceiling" was coined to describe the often subtle, but very real, barriers that women face as they try to climb the organizational hierarchy. Here we review evidence for a relatively new form of gender discrimination-captured by the metaphor of the glass cliff-that women face when they obtain positions of leadership. Such positions often prove to be more risky and precarious than those of their male counterparts. We summarize evidence demonstrating the existence of glass cliffs in business and politics as well as experimental work that identifies a number of factors contributing to the phenomenon. We then discuss implications for policy and practice, highlighting the importance of understanding women's and men's experiences in the workplace rather than treating gender diversity as merely "a numbers game." © 2014 The Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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