1,720,992 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Study of the recognition in care managers who handling elderly abuse
Full text link【目的】介護支援専門員が高齢者虐待事例のケアマネジメント初期において,認識するケアマネジメントの困難さとその要因を明らかにする。
【方法】質的帰納的因子探索型の記述的研究方法を用いた。対象は高齢者虐待事例を担当経験のある,居宅介護支援事業所勤務の介護支援専門員である。職種による困難さを考慮し介護職を対象とした。研究者が非構造化面接を実施し,逐語録をデータとして分析に用'いた。分析では虐待の状況や対応の困難さ,考え方などに焦点を当て,データをコード化し,類似するデータの概念を検討しながらカテゴリー化した。介護者・要介護者と介護支援専門員の関係に焦点をあて,継続比較分析を行った。金沢大学医学系研究科医の倫理委員会の承認を得た。
【結果】介護支援専門員21名から,ケアマネジメントに関する困難さ,虐待家族への介入に関する困難さが抽出された。ケアマネジメントの困難さに関しては,‘被害者がおかれた悲惨な状況を放置できない',‘介護保険のサービスを使うことだけがこの人たちへできる援助'と,‘虐待者である介護者に契約を解除する権限がある'という認識があった。また,‘介入すると虐待が悪化する心配がある',‘被害者より加害者への対応を優先せざるをえない',‘虐待者である介護者が要介護者のニーズを決定'があり,帰結は,‘介護者が受け入れるケアプランを作成せざるをえない'であった。以上から"虐待者である介護者による潜在的なケアマネジメントの支配"という中核カテゴリーが抽出された。虐待家族への介入に関しては,介護者である‘虐待者と対時することが怖い',‘虐待者との間に心理的な壁が存在する'という認識があった。また,‘虐待者である介護者との関係を維持しなければならない'役割の一方で,介護支援専門員の介入で‘家族関係に波風を立てたくない'と認識していた。そして,‘虐待の根底にある家族関係への介入には至れない',‘虐待家族にも家族の絆はあると信じたい'という認識があった。以上から,"介護支援専門員の理念ではたちうち出来ない虐待者への無力感"という中核カテゴリーが抽出された。The purpose of this study is to analyze the difficulties perceived by care managers who confront elderly abuse inflicted by family members. The research was executed according to the grounded theory approach. Participants were care managers who had handled elderly abuse cases. They (n=21) were all female, and had a mean of 4.3 ± 0.7 years of experience as a care manager.
The cognitions kind of two difficulties was extracted from the data. One of difficulty about care management were as follows: the terrible situation of the people abused cannot be ignored; the long-term care insurance service is the only support for these people; the abusive caregiver has the authority to cancel the contract; there is concern that intervention might increase the abuse; prioritizing how to deal with the abuser rather than the abused is unavoidable; the abusive caregiver decides the needs of the individual requiring care; and the only option is to create a care plan that is acceptable to the caregiver. Th e core category that was ultimately extracted was "tacit control of care management by the abusive caregiver".
One of difficulty about intervention to abusive families were as follows: fear of confronting the abuser, unwelcome atmosphere to care manager's visit, having to continue the relationship with an abusive caregiver, unwillingness to upset the family relationship, inability to intervene in a family relationship that is the root cause of abuse, and wanting to believe in family bonds even in an abusive family. The core category that was ultimately extracted was the feeling of powerlessness in being unable to take on the abuser due to the principle of respect for caregivers' decisions.
It is evident from this study that care managers recognize that the contract that forms the basis of care management in cases of abuse is a factor contributing to the difficulties they experience. It was suggest the need to establish a system that supports care managers in order to promote appropriate care management.研究課題/領域番号:17592292, 研究期間(年度):2005-2006出典：「高齢者虐待事例への介護支援専門員の初期の支援に対する認識に関する研究」研究成果報告書 課題番号17592292
(KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）)
本文データは著者版報告書より作成research repor
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Winter activity program to prevent long term care for elderly in snowy regions
Full text link本研究では,高齢者の心身の状況を季節別に評価し冬期の課題を抽出するとともに,予防プログラムを検討した。冬期における高齢者の平均活動量には,年齢,認知機能,介護予防評価,日中の平均室温,BMIが,平均歩数には年齢,介護予防評価,BMIが有意に関連した。冬期の間に左の足指力は有意に低下した。冬期に比べ秋期の平均歩数は有意に多かった。降雪地域の冬期の活動量維持プログラムとして,認知機能の維持と足の機能保持を取り入れることへの示唆が得られた。In this study we evaluated physical and mental conditions of the elderly in winter, after previously looking at them in autumn, identifying issues and devising a possible long term care prevent program. Parameters evaluated for the elderly included were the average amount of activity, age, cognitive function, care prevention evaluation, average room temperature during the day, and BMI. There was a significant correlation between BMI and physical activity as measured by the number of steps taken per day. Power in the left leg decreased significantly during winter. The average number of steps in autumn was significantly higher than winter. There are implications that a program is needed to maintain the amount of activity in snowy winter regions, to retain leg function and the maintenance of cognitive function.研究課題/領域番号:22592539, 研究期間(年度):2010-2012出典：研究課題「地域性を考慮した冬期の介護予防プログラム構築に関する研究」課題番号22592539
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22592539/22592539seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
An attempt at formulating criteria for determining elder neglect at home usable to health care professionals
Full text link本研究では、多職種が使用可能な介入に役立つネグレクトの判断基準を作成することを目的として、専門職の協力を得て判断基準案を作成した。986施設の高齢者虐待事例に直接かかわる専門職各1名に質問紙を用いて重要度を調査した。因子分析によってネグレクトとして第一因子28 項目を抽出した。さらに高齢者に関わる専門家の意見を取り入れてネグレクト判断基準の簡易版を作成した。研究課題/領域番号:19592559, 研究期間(年度):2007-2009出典：研究課題「多職種が使用可能な高齢者虐待・ネグレクトの判断基準の作成に関する研究」課題番号19592559
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19592559/19592559seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
Development and evaluation of a walking function support program aimed at improving physical and mental functions of eldely people residing in a snowy area
Full text link65歳以上の住民を対象としたセルフケアによるフットケアプログラムを作成し、介入6か月後の身心の変化を評価した。予備調査では、足底の形態(足型)は、対照群で介入後に改善した者はおらず、標準足型の者の割合が有意に低下した（ｐ＜0.01）。過去6か月間の転倒歴は、介入群の１名は介入後０名に減少し、対照群は1名から介入後４名に増加した。3年目以降の調査は介入群のみとし、介入6か月後と1年後を評価した。足の手入れは平均週2回以上であった。ＢＭＩは1年後有意に低下し（Ｐ＜0.05）、ファンクショナルリーチは継続に伴い改善がみられた。バランスの安定感や接地感覚は、ほぼ全員があると評価した。We created a foot care program for elderly who were physically independent, and assessed physical and mental function after 6 months for both the control group and intervention group. Beginning at the end of 2013. In the intervention group, after 6 months there was significant improvement in foot form. In the control group, there was no significant improvement (p<0.01). There were no falls in the intervention group, however there were four falls in the control group
A survey was conducted with only the intervention group, and subjects were evaluated 6 months, and one year after intervention. The average frequency of foot care was more than twice a week. BMI decreased significantly after 1 year (p<0.05). Functional reach improved with continuation of self-care. Evaluation showed that almost all subjects had a sense of stability and balance, and feeling of contact in feet.研究課題/領域番号:25293471, 研究期間(年度):2013-04-01 - 2017-03-31出典：「降雪地域の高齢者の心身機能向上を目的とした歩行機能サポートプログラムの構築と評価」研究成果報告書 課題番号25293471
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-25293471/25293471seika/）を加工して作成金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系research repor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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