1,720,985 research outputs found
Analyses of function of ASC and PYNOD in skin
Full text linkPYNOD(NLRP10)は、我々が発見した新規の細胞内分子であるが、現在までのところ、個体レベルでの機能は全く不明である。我々はPYNODの生理的機能に迫るためPYNOD欠損マウスの樹立に成功した。PYNOD欠損マウスから調整したケラチノサイトではUVB刺激によるTNF.の産生が低下していた。さらにUVB照射後の表皮におけるTNF.の産生についてもPYNOD欠損マウスで減弱していた。またUVB照射後の血清中のIFN.の値がPYNOD欠損マウスで高値を示すことを発見した。以上の結果から、PYNODは皮膚においてUVB刺激後におこるTNF.の産生に関して重要な分子であることが明らかとなり、局所でおこる炎症反応において重要な分子と考えられる。PYNOD(Nlrp10) is one of the NLR family member we recently identified, however, the physiological function of PYNOD is still totally unclear. To investigate physiological/pathological function of PYNOD, we succeeded to establish PYNOD deficient mice. We found that keratinocytes from PYNOD deficient mice show lower potential to produce TNFαafter UVB treatment than that of wild-type mice. We further found TNFαproduction in skin after UVB treatment also decreased in PYNOD deficient mice. Moreover, we discovered IFNγproduction in serum after UVB treatment is higher in PYNOD deficient mice. These results suggest that PYNOD plays important roles to produce TNFαproduction after UVB treatment in skin and contributes local inflammatory responses.研究課題/領域番号:21590329, 研究期間(年度):2008-2011出典：研究課題「皮膚におけるASCおよびPYNODの機能の解明」課題番号21590329
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21590329/21590329seika/）を加工して作成research repor
Analyses of novel molecular mechanism for regulating gene expression of anti-inflammatory NLR family member PYNOD
Full text link細胞膜のTLR蛋白群および細胞質のNLR蛋白群は、病原微生物センサーである。申請者らは、自ら同定したNLR蛋白、PYNODが炎症抑制活性を持つことを見出した。さらに胃がんマウスモデルの病変部でPYNODの発現が、著明に上昇していることを発見した。炎症～発がん過程でPYNODの発現が上昇し、抗炎症作用の一端を担っているものと推測される。しかし他のマウス疾患モデルの腸炎や大腸がんではPYNODの発現増強が認められなかった。一方ヒト胃がん患者サンプルで、papillary type adenocarcinomaの組織型を含むサンプルにおいてPYNODの発現が上昇していることを見いだした。Many members of the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD) and leucine-rich-repeat (LRR)-containing protein (NLR) family play important roles in pathogen recognition and inflammation. We identified PYNOD/NLRP10, one of the member of this family that lacks LRR, and found that PYNOD inhibit inflammatory signal mediated by caspase-1 and ASC. To further investigate physiological function of PYNOD, we have established PYNOD-deficient mice. PYNOD-deficient mice exhibited no obvious gross abnormalities, no evidence of autoimmunity and spontaneous tumor formation, and normal innate immune responses.
However, we have found that PYNOD is highly expressed in stomach of gastric cancer mouse model (Gan mice), in which inflammatory COX-2/PGE2 pathway and Wnt signaling are activated simultaneously in gastric mucosa. Furthermore, we also detected high PYNOD expression in tumor region containing papillary type adenocarcinoma from gastric cancer patients.研究課題/領域番号:24590374, 研究期間(年度):2012-04-01 – 2015-03-31出典：研究課題「抗炎症NLRファミリー分子PYNODの発現制御機構の解析」課題番号24590374
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/report/KAKENHI-PROJECT-24590374/24590374seika/）を加工して作成research repor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
胃がんおよび大腸がんの発症における細胞質病原体センサー蛋白の役割の解明
Full text link胃がんや大腸がんは、その発症において感染細菌や常在細菌と宿主の相互作用が重要である。一方、NLR蛋白は、細胞膜のTLR蛋白と同様に、病原微生物を認識し、炎症応答を惹起する細胞質センサーである。我々は、自ら発見したNLR蛋白のPYNODが炎症応答を阻害することを示してきた。すなわち、PYNODは抑制型のNLR蛋白であり、胃がんや大腸がんの発症にも影響を与える可能性がある。PYNODの生理的、病理的役割を明らかにするために、PYNOD欠損マウスを樹立し、解析を行ってきた。PYNOD欠損マウスから調整したマクロファージについて自然免疫系の反応性を調べたところ、炎症性サイトカインの産生は正常であった。また、高濃度のLPS投与によるエンドトキシンショック誘導実験についても、野性型と比較して生存率や血清中のサイトカイン濃度について、明らかな差は認められなかった。しかしT細胞依存性遅延型過敏性応答のマウスモデルであるトリニトロクロロベンゼン(TNCB)接触過敏性応答を検討したところ、PYNOD欠損マウスの獲得免疫応答が野性型と比較し著しく低下していることが判明した。
胃がんの発生においては、Wntシグナル亢進およびプロスタグランディンE2 産生が重要と考えられている。これら双方のシグナルを活性化したマウスモデルでは高頻度に胃がんの発生が認められる。我々はこのモデルにおいてPYNODの発現が著明に上昇していることを発見し、このマウスとPYNOD欠損マウスおよびPYNODトランスジェニックマウスとの交配を行い、さらなる遺伝子改変マウスを作製したが、現在もなお解析の途中段階にある。
さらに、ヒト胃がん患者のサンプルについてヒトPYNODの発現を定量PCRで検討したところ、papillary型の胃がんについて、約50％の症例でPYNODの発現が、腫瘍部位で上昇しているという結果を得た。研究課題/領域番号:23114505, 研究期間(年度):2011-04-01 – 2013-03-31出典：研究課題「胃がんおよび大腸がんの発症における細胞質病原体センサー蛋白の役割の解明」課題番号23114505
（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））
（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PUBLICLY-23114505/）を加工して作成金沢大学がん進展制御研究所research repor
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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