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Il processo di epurazione di Sabato Visco. Storia e documenti
No full textQuesto volume ricostruisce il procedimento di epurazione al quale fu sottoposto Sabato Visco nel periodo immediatamente successivo alla liberazione di Roma nel 1944, attraverso l’analisi storica e la presentazione di documenti e testi inediti relativi alla vicenda professionale ed esistenziale del fisiologo.
Visco, professore ordinario di Fisiologia generale all’Università di Roma, comparve quale firmatario del Manifesto della razza del 1938 e fu a capo dell’Ufficio Razza del Ministero della Cultura Popolare dal 1939 al 1941, oltre a rivestire numerose cariche accademiche e di natura politica durante il regime.
La vicenda della sua epurazione, che terminò con il reintegro del fisiologo in tutte le posizioni precedentemente occupate, rappresenta un caso di particolare rilevanza, utile a fornire un contributo alla valutazione dell’andamento generale del processo di epurazione in Italia e all’analisi della percezione che le principali forze antifasciste ebbero della persecuzione razzista e antisemita del fascismo italiano, oltre che dell’eredità lasciata da questa parte della nostra storia al dopoguerra in un settore particolarmente vitale quale quello dell’insegnamento e della ricerca universitaria.
Il volume è costituito da un lungo saggio introduttivo (che rappresenta un aggiornamento di un lavoro precedente con un intero paragrafo nuovo e originale) e da un'appendice di oltre trenta documenti inediti e originali provenienti da vari archivi pubblici e privati
Contribution of large-scale forest inventories to biodiversity assessment and monitoring
No full textL'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore www.elsevier.comStatistically-designed inventories and biodiversity monitoring programs are gaining relevance for biological
conservation and natural resources management. Mandated periodic surveys provide unique opportunities
to identify and satisfy natural resources management information needs. However, this is not an
end in itself but rather is the beginning of a process that should lead to sound decision-making in biodiversity
conservation. Forest inventories are currently evolving towards multipurpose resource surveys
and are broadening their scope in several directions: (i) expansion of the target population to include
non-traditional attributes such as trees outside the forest and urban forests; (ii) forest carbon pools
and carbon sequestration estimation; (iii) assessment of forest health; and (iv) inclusion of additional
variables such as biodiversity attributes that are not directly related to timber assessment and wood harvesting.
There is an on-going debate regarding the role of forest inventories in biodiversity assessment and
monitoring. This paper presents a review on the topic that aims at providing updated knowledge on
the current contribution of forest inventories to the assessment and monitoring of forest biodiversity
conditions on a large scale. Specific objectives are fourfold: (i) to highlight the types of forest biodiversity
indicators that can be estimated from data collected in the framework of standard forest inventories and
the implications of different sampling methods on the estimation of the indicators; (ii) to outline current
possibilities for harmonized estimation of biodiversity indicators in Europe from National Forest Inventory
data; (iii) to show the added value for forest biodiversity monitoring of framing biodiversity indicators
into ecologically meaningful forest type units; and (iv) to examine the potential of forest inventory
sample data for estimating landscape biodiversity metric
Modelli d'impianto, forme di allevamento e criteri di potatura per la nuova olivicoltura
No full textRealizzato nell'ambito del progetto "Ricerca ed Innovazione per l’Olivicoltura Meridionale", finanziato dal MiPAAFThe olive growing has usually been practiced in shallow and low fertile soils due to the frugality and rusticity of this tree. Low planting density orchards, based on large-sized, free-shaped canopy trees were traditionally developed to stand such peculiar agronomical conditions; this represented the only sustainable orchard model on which, for centuries, has been developed the Italian olive oil industry. In recent times, the promotion of the Mediterranean diet as an healthy eating plan, based on the use of flavorful extravergin olive oil, largely contributed to increase worldwide interest on this peculiar ingredient of Mediterranean cooking style. In order to promptly satisfy the increased oil demand in the international market, new planting models have been projected and tested for the new olive oil industry, keeping sustainable the cost of production. Among those, at the beginning of the 2000’, Super High Density (SHD) hedgerow (1500-2500 trees/ha) resulted to fit, more than others, the above mentioned requirements for the developing olive oil industry in new growing countries. traditional olive orchards is low, alternate and production costs are too high, new orchards Unfortunately, few cultivars are suitable to SHD hedgerow system and these foreign cultivars do not fit the Italian olive oil industry, traditionally based on many local cultivars, producing olive oils of unique flavors and taste. Since the productivity of models should be adopted to make the Italian olive industry economically sound. Therefore, more attention has to be deserved to orchard efficiency, early bearing, constant production, high oil accumulation in the fruit and to the feasibility of the harvest mechanization. Particularly, it is important to consider the olive orchard light use efficiency (light to dry matter), carbon acquisition and distribution to the fruits (harvest index) when choosing new plantation systems. Furthermore, harvest mechanization efficiency has to be increased and tree damages have to be reduced in order to avoid excessive cost of production. Since harvester machines mainly work on the basis of two models,
“discontinuous”/“continuous”, planting density, tree space, training system and pruning criteria should be adapted to fit the harvesters requirements
Alternative animal protein sources for aquaculture: a preliminary study on nutritional traits of Mediterranean brocade (Spodoptera littoralis, Boisduval) larvae
No full textIn formulating diets for farmed aquatic species, the main ingredi- ent used is fish meal (FM). Due to the growth that aquaculture is experiencing throughout the world, the increasing demand of feeds is resulting in a FM price increase that represents an eco- nomic limit for fish farming. The need to seek protein sources alternative to FM is a matter of great interest. Among others, the use of insect larvae as feed for fish represents an interesting alter- native. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional traits of mediterranean brocade larvae (Spodoptera littoralis Bois.) in view of their possible use as feedstuffs for rainbow trout. A sample of mediterranean brocade larvae (MBL) (VI instar) and one of pupae (MBP) were assayed for fat (EE), ash (ASH) and crude pro- tein (CP) contents by conventional methods. Amino-acidic profile was obtained by HPLC on sample hydrolysates. Relative digestibil- ity of protein (RDP) was estimated by the Lazo (1988) method. Data, expressed on DM basis, were compared with those of a com- mercial feed (CF). The fat content of MBL was lower than that recorded for CF (9.4% vs 13.6%) while MBP showed a very high value (30.3% DM). Ashes in MBL (7.7%) and MBP (6.7%) were lower than in the CF (10.9%). The CP content of MBL (44.3%) was slightly higher than the CF (40.0%) but lower than in MBP (59.1%). The RDP of MBL and MBP were about a half of the value observed in CF (27.2%). Both MBL and MBP showed a lower per- centage of essential amino acids (AA) (35.8%, 36.8%) compared to CF (39.4%) even if the AA profiles were in line with the require- ments found in literature for rainbow trout. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that preimaginal stages of S. littoralis may be of interest in fish feeding, though more exhaustive studies have to be performed to fully assess their use as alternative for fish meal
Il mercato editoriale e la sfida della rete: disintermediazione o opportunità?
No full textI cambiamenti che il mercato editoriale sta attraversando con il passaggio al digitale della distribuzione e, in alcuni casi, dei supporti stessi per la lettura, rappresentano una sfida ma anche una opportunità. Tratto specifico di questa rivoluzione non è la disintermediazione, ma un rafforzamento del ruolo della mediazione informativa (compresa quella editoriale), realizzata però in forme nuove. The digital revolution is characterized by radical changes in the publishing sector: not just publishing but distribution and reading itself (with e-books and e-books readers) are moving towards the digital world. The changes in the editorial chain are both a challenge and an opportunity. Their main feature is not disintermediation, but a new role for information literacy and for all the skills connected to information handling and selection, including the editorial mediation done by publishers
Characterizing the molecular and morphophysiological diversity of Italian red clover
No full textL’articolo è disponibile sul sito dell’editore http://www.springerlink.com/Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is the
third major forage species in Europe, but there is limited information on the biodiversity and the genetic structure of landraces and natural populations which evolved in this region. The objective of this
study was producing such information for Italian germplasm on the ground of molecular and morphophysiological diversity. The study included 16 Italian natural populations from a wide range of environments, four landraces representing the four traditional commercial ecotypes, and two varieties. Eight morphophysiological traits were assessed in a replicated trial under field conditions, whereas two AFLPs primer combinations with 140 polymorphic markers were recorded on a random sample of 13 genotypes per population. Ordination and classification results based on morphophysiological data clearly kept track of the type of germplasm (i.e. landrace or natural population) and its geographic origin, unlike results based on molecular markers. Euclidean distances
among populations based on morphophysiological traits were not correlated with Nei’s genetic distances
based on molecular markers according to Mantel’s test. Geographical distances among landrace or natural population material was correlated with distances based on morphophysiological traits but not with those based on molecular markers. The
average within-population variation stimated via molecular markers was about 2.6-fold higher than that among populations, preventing an acceptable discrimination among most populations. On average, natural populations tended to have within-population
variation similar to varieties and somewhat lower than landraces. Our results have implications for collection, conservation, exploitation and registration in a sui generis system of red clover genetic
resources
Stabilità e capacità produttiva di linee inbred di frumento contenenti geni o cromosomi di D. villosum
No full textHigh yielding and good bread-making quality varieties are needed to improve common wheat cultivation in North and Central Italy. We evaluated advanced wheat intragression breeding lines (IBL), obtained from wheat Dasypyrum villosum (Dv)hybridization and backcross to the wheat parent, in order to achieve introgression of small portions of the Dv genome into the wheat nuclear genome. The IBLs were included in three
sets of field trials (A, B, and C), each arranged according to a randomized block design, in three locations.
The agronomic performance of the IL over the tested environments evidenced three main results: A) the IL 41-03, 8-1, and Mut 3-04, are ready to enter the registration process
for releasing new high yielding and good quality wheat varieties; B) the IL CS V58,
CS V59, CS V60 showed early heading, and the IBL CS V32 and CS V63 showed resistance to foliar diseases; the grain yield and phenotypic stability of all of them were as
good or superior to the wheat parent “Chinese Spring”, which suggest that they will be useful donors of genes for heading earliness (CS V60 was at least 8 days earlier than both “Chinese Spring” and the earliest check) and disease resistance in future wheat breeding programs; C) An IBL derived from the T. turgidum var durum cv “Modoc” Dv (M V)amphiplod is early heading, with tenacious glumes, and high protein content suitable as a new “farro” for low – input farming systems
