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A ticket to where? Dwindling snow cover impacts the winter tourism sector as a consequence of climate change
No full textClimate change affects human activities, including tourism across various sectors and time frames. The winter
tourism industry, dependent on low temperatures, faces significant impacts. This paper reviews the implications of climate change on winter tourism, emphasising challenges for activities like skiing and snowboarding, which rely on consistent snowfall and low temperatures. As the climate changes, these once taken-for-granted conditions are no longer as commonplace. Through a comprehensive review supported by up-to-date satellite imagery, this paper presents evidence suggesting that the reliability of winter snow is decreasing, with findings revealing a progressive reduction in snow levels associated with temperature and precipitation changes in some regions. The analysis underscores the need for concerted efforts by stakeholders who must recognize the reality of diminishing snow availability and work towards understanding the specific changes in snow patterns. This should involve multi-risk and multi-instrument assessments, including ongoing satellite data monitoring to track snow cover changes. The practical implications for sports activities and the tourism industry reliant on snow involve addressing challenges by diversifying offerings. This includes developing alternative winter tourism activities less dependent on snow, such as winter hiking, nature walks, or cultural experiences.Published120554OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazioneJCR Journa
High-resolution susceptibility mapping of seismically induced landslides on Ischia island: the 2017 earthquake case study
No full textIschia island represents the westernmost portion of the Phlegraean Volcanic District (Campania Region, Italy) and is characterized by the presence of Mt. Epomeo, a giant centrally located resurgent volcanic horst. This horst is controlled by fault systems and magmatic dynamics able to generate recurrent seismicity. Such seismicity, associated with the presence of volcanic terrains with different degrees of erodibility, makes Ischia highly subjected to several ground instability phenomena such as landslides. This multidisciplinary study aimed to map the seismically induced landslide susceptibility of the island, taking into account the Md 4.0 earthquake that occurred on August 21, 2017, as a reference seismic event. Eight parameters were isolated as relevant predisposing factors for landslide occurrence and combined, through GIS elaborations, to compute a numerical index (SNAP index) that quantified the seismically induced landslide susceptibility for each 5 × 5 m area. The resulting map, through five classes of susceptibility, highlights that the highest exposed areas are mainly localized along the N-NW flanks of Mt. Epomeo, involving mainly the municipality of Casamicciola Terme. Moreover, the map is discussed considering the spatial 574PublishedJCR Journa
Shape effects on wave propagation in a 2D domain using the finite element method
No full textSeismic wave propagation is influenced by any discontinuity in the mechanical
properties of the propagation medium such as alluvial basins, fault zones and
cavities. There are several interesting results in the literature concerning both
the 3D and the 2D simplified cases. Many of the currently available results refer
to the wave propagation in a vertical section of the 3D domain. On the contrary
just few works account for the shape effects of the geological structures on a
horizontal slice of the earth surface or on the surface itself, where the earthquake
has a devastating effect on buildings and infrastructures. Therefore, in this paper
we delve into the impact of a curved interface on wave propagation within a
horizontal plane, revealing its role akin to an optical diopter, either focusing or
defocusing seismic energy.Published311–331OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremotoJCR Journa
La << Medusa>> che non fa male!
No full textCome monitorare e studiare le parti
sottomarine di un’area vulcanica?
Dal 2016 nel Golfo di Pozzuoli c’è
MEDUSA, l’infrastruttura multidisciplinare
marina di monitoraggio vulcanico e di
ricerca dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano...PublishedNapoli - Piazza Dant
I vulcani sussurrano...
No full textI vulcani sussurrano...e anche nel silenzio...si svelano, quando...il geologo racconta...PublishedNapoli - Piazza Dant
Interaction of accretion mechanisms and deep fluids in continental orogenesis
No full textMountain-building often involves the subduction of continental margins during the convergence of tectonic
plates. Rheological heterogeneities and structural inheritance in the subducting lithosphere are
main factors controlling the evolution of the process and deformation partitioning in orogenic wedges.
Here, we present tomographic evidence of a main along-strike change in the structure of the
Apennines belt, where frontal accretion diminishes laterally, as well as plate bending, and the contribution
of underplating to crustal thickening becomes evident. We hypothesize that the diverse mechanisms
of mountain formation can be attributed to rheological heterogeneity in the crust and interactions with
fluids liberated during the subduction process. The development of shallow decollements versus underplating
is favored by differing amounts and styles of deep fluid liberation from the subducting crust.Published266-281JCR Journa
Investigating the impact of urban development on the activation of a paleolandslide. A case study from Pissouri, Cyprus
No full textThe present study investigates the reactivation of a paleolandslide due to the expansion of a community in an area covered by plastic Pliocene marls in the southwestern part of Cyprus. The landslide, which takes place in an area with gently sloping ground and relatively shallow water table, affects more than 100 residential buildings. In the context of the study, building damages and ground surface ruptures were mapped through field work campaigns. Remote sensing data from InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) analysis were evaluated in conjunction with available geological, geotechnical and hydrogeological data. Subsequently, the landslide was backanalyzed using the finite element method to examine possible failure mechanism scenarios and shed light on the influence of potential triggering factors. The results indicate that the paleolandslide has been almost fully reactivated, with the main cause of the reactivation being the rising of the phreatic water table due to long-term discharges of wastewater through the absorption pits of the residential developments. The water table rise was further amplified by rainwater infiltration during rainy years. According to the backanalysis results, the slip surface follows the bedding planes of weak marl horizons with residual friction angle of the order of 10°.PublishedJCR Journa
A stacked machine learning model for the vertical total electron content forecasting
No full textWe design four Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models, namely a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), an Extreme Learning Machine network (ELM) and an ensemble model based on stacking (STACKED) to forecast the ionospheric vertical Total Electron Content (vTEC) from 1 to 24 hours in advance on a single station at mid latitude. The time series used, spanning from January 2006 to December 2018, includes vTEC, provided by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver at Tsukuba (TSKB), Japan (36.06 o N, 140.05 o E) and suitable external drivers selected among several helio-geophysical parameters. The selection of appropriate external drivers is made by rating their relevance on the vTEC at forecasting timescales (from 1 to 24 hours). The process, based on eleven machine learning models, highlights that the most important external drivers are: the 10.7 cm Solar Flux (F10.7), the magnitude B T of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), and the Auroral Electrojet (AE) index. The forecasting performance of the four models (MLP, CNN, ELM, STACKED) is then analysed. The analysis relies on three statistical metrics to compare actual and forecasted vTEC: the coefficient of determination (R 2), the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Additionally, descriptive statistics are presented using box and whisker plots. The four ANN models show a quite satisfactory capability to forecast vTEC when applied to the test dataset which represents 10% of the available data from 2006 to 2018. Furthermore, by conducting a Wilcoxon signed rank test, it is shown that statistically significant improvements are achieved by the STACKED model with regard to MLP, CNN and ELM. On average, by analysing the forecasted (from 1 to 24 hours in advance) vs the actual vTEC, the STACKED model achieves R 2PublishedJCR Journa
One hundred lava flows of Mt. Etna, Italy: July 2019–December 2023 update
No full textIntegration of multi-sensor, multi-platform remotely sensed data is an effective methodology for monitoring active volcanoes as it ensures a constant data flow, which is needed for repeated eruptive events in brief intervals. It allows broad observation of the eruptive scenario and quantification of the erupted products. We integrated remote sensing data, through GIS software, to map the lava flows of Etna, one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Between July 2019 and December 2023, Etna gave rise to seventy-five eruptive events, mainly from the summit craters, emplacing one hundred lava flows. We updated Etna’s 1999-2019 map, with the most recent eruptive products, mapping ninety-three lava flows out of the one hundred-five. For cartographic simplicity, summit flows are grouped by year or eruptive cycle, while flank flows are distinguished by date. To better display the products and highlight the mapping process, we added twenty-one detailed maps to the main map.PublishedOSV1: Verso la previsione dei fenomeni vulcanici pericolosiJCR Journa
Le reti di montoraggio dei vulcani napoletani
No full textL'area vulcanica napoletana e le reti di monitoraggio...PublishedNapoli - Piazza Dant