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The Challenges of Implementing Anti-Money Laundering Regulation: An Empirical Analysis
Full text linkFor over three decades, money laundering has been an area of concern for policymakers and law enforcement, with significant efforts undertaken at national and international levels to combat it. Recently, laundering of criminal proceeds using real property has attracted increased attention amongst policymakers. Various efforts are now being undertaken to tackle money laundering in the UK property market, but there are still significant difficulties in its practical implementation. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews with estate agents and compliance officials, this study identifies critical aspects of AML compliance that are particularly problematic for those involved in it. In so doing, this article delivers a new perspective, by analysing data gathered with the first empirical study on the implementation of AML obligations in practice (in the UK property market) since the introduction of the 2017 Money Laundering Regulations
William Morris' Medieval Manuscript Collection and the Trade in Illuminated Manuscripts c. 1891-1914
Full text linkThe response of the European Union to human mobility in the context of climate change
Full text linkHuman mobility in the context of climate change is a complex issue, which has been addressed through different approaches, frameworks, and proposed solutions. This research differs from previous studies. It attempts to demonstrate the importance of taking a holistic approach. To do so, it focuses on analysing the European Union’s response to the issue and the factors that have influenced it. The research finds that the EU’s response to human mobility in the context of climate change has been patchy, under-developed and generally inadequate. Although the EU has shown some interest in the topic, the climate-migration nexus is mostly mentioned in relation to policies aimed at tackling the root causes of migration and avoiding displacement and irregular migration. Very little has been done to facilitate more regular migration pathways as a way to provide options to those living in areas severely affected by climate impacts, and nothing has been put in place to ensure effective protection in Europe of people displaced in relation to climate
change. The EU case study shows the importance of responding to climate-related mobility in a comprehensive
manner and argues for more advocacy and policy-oriented research to bring elements of climate justice back into the discussion and to “re-politicise” the issue
Equalizing and Widening Access to Higher Education During a Pandemic: Lessons Learned from a Multi-University Perspective
Full text linkThe COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid and unprecedented shift of widening participation and outreach activities to online and remote delivery. The impact of this went beyond practitioners and the university sector; positive and negative implications are felt by stakeholders and the broader community. This shift online is discussed through the lens of a multi-university perspective, using four case studies from university outreach programs in one Australian state. The article provides a holistic view of the lessons learned and discoveries made, informing future program design and delivery. These programs include primary and secondary students, teachers, parents, guardians and carers, and work within a range of low socioeconomic and regional, rural and remote contexts. We argue that the fundamentally necessary shift online created a profound legacy and bears potential to increase accessibility (via diversity and scale), but, simultaneously, that care must be applied if substituting face-to-face engagement with that online. While this article primarily focuses on issues of value to practitioners, it also discusses important implications for academics, support staff, and university executive regarding the access and participation of underrepresented cohorts during times of mass change
Environment, Mobility, and International Law: A New Approach in the Americas
Full text linkThe role of international law in regulating international movement in the context of global environment change and hazards remains a topic of intense debate among both legal scholars and practitioners. Yet, as this article shows, we have largely reached the limits of what existing international law methods and approaches can tell us about the future of the law in this area. Instead, this article draws on a detailed regional case study to offer a distinct perspective to that ongoing debate about the role and future of international law. Against the backdrop of emerging patterns of mobility linked to devastating environmental disasters in the Americas, it derives a striking set of new legal insights from in-depth analysis of a developing body of comparative and international legal practice by countries from across this key region
Linked Open Data for Ancient Names and People
No full textThis chapter discusses the kinds of information that are recorded about persons and names from antiquity and other periods of pre-modern history, and the ways in which this information can usefully be modelled in Linked Open Data and integrated with the Linked Ancient World Data graph. It begins by introducing some key concepts, in particular the importance of understanding data ‘modelling,’ and limiting the scope of the discussion to fairly basic information about historical persons. The body of the paper summarises the main trends in recording and encoding prosopographical, onomastic and other personal data in previous and current scholarship, both traditional and digital. As an example of the use of Linked Open Data to encode person- and name-data, the recommendations of the SNAP:DRGN project are outlined, noting that these are designed only to represent a small set of disambiguation data to enable interoperability and cross-platform searching among projects, rather than the full richness of prosopographical and onomastic data. The chapter concludes by pointing out the limitations of the current model, and suggesting some areas for future work and development
Computational and neurocognitive approaches to the political brain: key insights and future avenues for political neuroscience
Full text linkAlthough the study of political behaviour has been traditionally restricted to the social sciences, new advances in political neuroscience and computational cognitive science highlight that the biological sciences can offer crucial insights into the roots of ideological thought and action. Echoing the dazzling diversity of human ideologies, this theme issue seeks to reflect the multiplicity of theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the nature of the political brain. Cutting-edge research along three thematic strands is presented, including (i) computational approaches that zoom in on fine-grained mechanisms underlying political behaviour, (ii) neurocognitive perspectives that harness neuroimaging and psychophysiological techniques to study ideological processes, and (iii) behavioural studies and policy-minded analyses of such understandings across cultures and across ideological domains. Synthesizing these findings together, the issue elucidates core questions regarding the nature of uncertainty in political cognition, the mechanisms of social influence and the cognitive structure of ideological beliefs. This offers key directions for future biologically grounded research as well as a guiding map for citizens, psychologists and policymakers traversing the uneven landscape of modern polarization, misinformation, intolerance and dogmatism
NGO strategies for sex and gender-based violence protection and accountability in long-term displacement settings: Reviewing women’s participation in humanitarian programmes in Dadaab refugee complex
Full text linkThis article addresses the intersection between non-governmental organisation (NGO) protection strategies for sex and gender-based violence in long-term displacement settings and recent discourse on humanitarian accountability practice. It comprises a desk-based review of two protection programmes operated by the International Rescue Committee (IRC) and Care International in the Dadaab refugee complex, Kenya, which provide new terrain for testing existing theories of humanitarian accountability and critically examining the relationships between NGOs’ accountability practices and their impact on the refugee communities they seek to engage.
The article analyses how these two protection programmes conceptualise participation from the refugee community in relation to sector-wide approaches to accountability to affected populations (AAP), and considers how gender mainstreaming informs the specific expectations and experiences of women as active participants in decision-making and the provision of services. It considers how participatory approaches to humanitarian programming are often adopted by NGOs to accommodate a diverging set of interests and objectives, aiming to optimise operational performance as well as promoting a gender-inclusive, rights-based approach to sex and gender-based violence prevention. It asks whether the strategies adopted by the IRC and Care International, respectively, are effective in combatting the discriminatory gender norms that cause refugee women to be more at risk of sex and gender-based violence, finding that participation-based strategies that view women’s participation primarily as a tool for enhancing operational performance risk perpetuating the structural inequalities that exist within the affected community and compounding the marginalisation faced by refugee women.
The article concludes that a more comprehensive system of gender mainstreaming must be adopted by NGOs across the humanitarian sector, to ensure that participatory approaches to protection from sex and gender based violence in long-term displacement settings prioritise gender equality as a substantive objective
Lo transfronterizo como futuro común. Hacia la co-gobernanza de las cuencas hidrográficas compartidas en Centroamérica
Full text linkThe Purchase of the Life of St Cuthbert for the Nation: Art, History and Politics c. 1903-1920
Full text linkThis essay examines the circumstances in with a twelfth-century illuminated manuscript containing an account of the Life of St Cuthbert was acquired by the British Museum