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Experiences of Finnish Defence Forces personnel on equality related to remote work : career development opportunities and remote work agreements
No full textThis study investigates equality issues related to remote work, career development, and remote work agreements within the Finnish Defence Forces. A total of 868 employees participated in the study. A quantitative approach was used, and t-tests (n = 868) were conducted to assess statistically significant differences in experiences of equality concerning personnel promotion opportunities, job rotation opportunities, and the ability to accept work regardless of location as well as suitable remote work agreements. The comparison groups were hybrid workers versus on-site workers, soldiers versus civilians, and men versus women. The study found that the personnel do not generally think that on-site workers have better promotion opportunities than hybrid workers. Remote work was seen as promoting equal job rotation opportunities among personnel. Remote workers agreed with this opinion more than on-site workers, and the difference in opinion between both groups was highly significant. The majority of respondents, particularly hybrid workers, agreed that equality would be better achieved through individual agreements on remote work. However, on-site women workers was the only group with the opinion that strictly limited remote workdays promoted equality better than individual agreements. Hybrid workers were less supportive of the current limits, and significant differences were found between them and on-site workers. This study highlights the need for more flexible, individualised remote work policies to enhance workplace equality. The findings can inform the development of management strategies and remote work practices in organisations. Future research could explore the international and organisational variation of these effects and provide deeper insights into employees’ perceptions of equality in remote work environments by integrating qualitative and quantitative methods.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Fine-Tuning LLM for Scenario Generation for ADAS Systems
No full textThe rapid advancement of autonomous vehicle technology has created an urgent need for scalable testing methodologies to ensure safety and reliability. Traditional manual scenario generation is time-consuming and resource-intensive. This research investigates Large Language Models (LLMs) for automated scenario generation, evaluating base model performance, prompt engineering, and fine-tuning techniques.
In addition to evaluation, the thesis develops a systematic methodology for fine-tuning LLMs tailored to scenario generation in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), providing a structured framework for future research and industrial adoption.
Experiments were conducted using three LLMs (CodeLlama-13B-instruct, Mistral-7Binstruct, and DeepSeek-Coder-6.7B-instruct) across seven scenarios of progressive complexity. Each model was tested under base, prompt-engineered, and fine-tuned configurations, with outputs validated through the Esmini simulator and assessed against multiple validity criteria, including executable code generation, scenario adherence, and geometric validity. OpenAI o3 was additionally evaluated in base and prompt engineering modes to benchmark broader LLM capabilities.
The results demonstrate that prompt engineering consistently outperformed both base and fine-tuned variants in all scenarios and models. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, fine-tuning delivered limited improvements, constrained by dataset size and computational resources. A strong inverse relationship was observed between scenario complexity and generation success rates.
Overall, findings indicate that prompt engineering is the most practical and effective enhancement strategy for LLM-based scenario generation in resource-constrained environments. At the same time, the proposed fine-tuning methodology establishes a foundation for scaling, refinement, and domain-specific adaptation in AI-assisted testing for autonomous vehicle development
Transfer learning for classification of colorectal cancer microscopy images
No full textThis thesis explores how transfer learning can be used in classifying digital colorectal cancer histological images. Previous research about classifying colorectal cancer images is presented and central machine learning methods used in computational pathology are outlined. To demonstrate how transfer learning can be used for classifying different tissues derived from colorectal cancer images, three pretrained models using a MobileNetV2 core are finetuned on colorectal cancer images. The models are then evaluated and compared. GoogleColab was used for defining and evaluating the models. Publicly available datasets of colorectal cancer images with nine tissue classes were used for the classification task
Proximity, Trust, and Support : A Configurational Analysis of EU Attitudes toward Ukrainian Refugees
No full textFollowing Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, support for Ukrainian refugees emerged at high levels across many European Union member states. The thesis examined how geographic and cultural proximity, as well as institutional trust, have been connected with public support for Ukrainian refugees within the EU. The study has been based on survey data from the Eurobarometer 97 (summer 2022) and employed fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to identify combinations of factors which have been collectively connected to exceptionally high levels of public support within EU countries.
The purpose of the study has been to explain why public support for welcoming Ukrainian refugees differs between EU countries. The study has been motivated by the clear positive consensus observed during the initial months of the war, which offered an opportunity to research which factors have enhanced higher public support during this humanitarian crisis.
The study has addressed the following research question: Which combinations of cultural and geographic proximity, as well as institutional trust, are sufficient for producing an exceptionally high level of public support for welcoming Ukrainian refugees across European Union countries?
The analysis has shown that high levels of public support require a combination of several factors. Greater support occurs through multiple cooperating factors, which vary across EU countries. Geographic proximity to Ukraine emerged as an enhancing factor of higher public support, while cultural proximity appeared to diminish public support. High support was also found in countries with less significant cultural ties to Ukraine. For example, Finland, Ireland and Portugal displayed high levels of support despite cultural divergence. Likewise, trust in the European Union was not found to be a prerequisite. Public support could also be found in nations where trust in the EU was weak.
The findings of this research have challenged previous assumptions, which have stated that cultural proximity or institutional trust are linked to higher support. By applying a configuration-based approach, the study has demonstrated how varying combinations of factors can be linked to public support in a European context. The thesis has contributed to research regarding public attitudes, refugee reception, and the political relevance of national proximity.Rysslands invasion av Ukraina i februari 2022 skapade en positiv respons bland EU medlemsländer för mottagande av flyktingar från Ukraina. Avhandlingen har studerat hur geografisk och kulturell proximitet samt institutionell tillit är sammankopplat med allmänhetens stöd för ukrainska flyktingar inom den Europeiska unionen. Studien har utnyttjat enkätdata från Eurobarometer 97 (sommaren 2022) och använt fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) för att identifiera kombinationer av faktorer som tillsammans har resulterat i den exceptionella nivån av offentligt stöd inom EU-länder.
Syftet med studien har varit att förklara skillnaderna i stödet för ukrainska flyktingar och varför stödet har varierat mellan EU-länder. Studien har motiverats av den tydliga enighet gällande offentligt stöd, som präglade de första månaderna efter att kriget inletts, vilket erbjöd en enastående möjlighet att förstå de drivande faktorerna bakom det offentliga stödet under denna humanitära kris.
Studien har behandlat följande forskningsfråga: Vilka kombinationer av kulturell och geografisk proximitet samt institutionell tillit har varit tillräckliga för att producera mycket höga nivåer av offentligt stöd för välkomnandet av ukrainska flyktingar inom Europeiska unionen?
Analysen har påvisat att förekomsten av det höga offentliga stödet kräver en kombination av faktorer. Stödet förekommer genom samverkande faktorer som varierar mellan länderna. Geografisk proximitet till Ukraina framkom som en bidragande faktor för högre stöd, medan kulturell proximitet kan tolkas med lägre stöd. Ofta förekom högt stöd i länder utan särskilda kulturella band till Ukraina. Till exempel Finland, Irland och Portugal påvisades ha en hög nivå av understöd för ukrainska folket, trots kulturell avvikelse. Även tillit till den Europeiska unionen visade sig vara en obetydlig förutsättning. Offentligt stöd förekom även i faktorkombinationer där EU-förtroendet var lågt.
Forskningens resultat har motbevisat tidigare antaganden att kulturell proximitet eller institutionell tillit skulle vara anknutet till högre offentligt stöd. Genom att tillämpa en inställningsbaserad metod har studien påvisat hur varierande faktorkombinationer kan vara relaterade med offentligt stöd i ett europeiskt sammanhang. Avhandlingen har bidragit till forskning gällande offentliga attityder, flyktingmottagande och det politiska värdet av nationers proximitet
Työllisyyskatsaus lokakuu 2025
No full textTyöllisyyskatsaus perustuu Työnvälitystilaston tietoihin. Työnvälitystilasto kerää tietoja työvoimaviranomaisille ilmoittautuneista työnhakijoista kuten työttömistä työnhakijoista, palveluista sekä ilmoitetuista avoimista työpaikoista. Tiedot kerätään työvoimaviranomaisten asiakaspalvelurekistereistä
When a Football Festival Becomes Sportswashing : Finnish Press Coverage of the 2018, 1978, and 1934 FIFA World Cups
No full textFenomenet sportswashing har etablerat sig och fått fäste inom idrottsvärlden under de senaste decennierna. Detta har resulterat i att fenomenet har fått uppmärksamhet både inom media och akademiska kretsar. Även om termen ”sportswashing” är relativt ny, så är fenomenet i sig inte nödvändigtvis nytt. Exempel på fall av sportswashing går också att hitta i historien, innan själva begreppet ”sportswashing” och teoribildningen kring det existerade. I avhandlingen kartläggs och analyseras olika fall av sportswashing i fotbolls-VM ur ett mediehistoriskt perspektiv.
Syftet med den här avhandlingen är att granska historiska fall av sportswashing i fotbolls-VM och hur finländsk media har förhållit sig till fallen. De VM-turneringar som valts ut för undersökningen är VM i Ryssland 2018, VM i Argentina 1978 och VM i Italien 1934. För att uppnå syftet utgår undersökningen från den centrala frågeställningen: ”Är det möjligt att applicera den nya termen ”sportswashing” på VM turneringar som spelats innan termen uppstod?”. Tidningar med varierande politisk profilering har analyserats för att få en omfattande inblick i hur finländsk media har behandlat sportswashing i fotbolls-VM. De mästerskap som har granskats har blivit utvalda eftersom samtliga kan kategoriseras som fall av sportswashing. Källmaterialet för undersökningen är arkiverade och digitaliserade tidningar som hämtats från Nationalbibliotekets databaser.
Det som syns i undersökningen är att finländska tidningar historiskt sett har varit relativt kritiskt inställda till sportswashing i och runt fotbolls-VM. Graden av kritik och retoriken den framförs med har dock varierat från de olika fallen och mellan de olika tidningarna, där tidningar med vänsterpolitisk bakgrund har varit mest kritiska
Landskapsområden i områdesanvändningen : Riktlinjer för att beakta landskapet
No full textRaportti on laadittu osana ympäristöministeriön rahoittamaa hanketta Maisema-alueet alueiden käytössä, joka toteutettiin Etelä-Pohjanmaan ELY-keskuksessa vuonna 2025. Hankkeessa on tarkasteltu maisema-alueita ja maisemaa osana alueidenkäyttöä.
Työssä on käyty läpi noin 50 Etelä-Pohjanmaan ELY-keskuksen toiminta-alueelle sijoittuvaa kuntatasoista kaavaa 2020-luvulta. Tarkastelussa on erityisesti kiinnitetty huomioita tuulivoimaosayleiskaavoihin ja maisemavaikutusten arviointiin niissä.
Kaavatarkasteluissa on selvitetty, miten valtakunnallisesti ja maakunnallisesti arvokkaat maisema-alueet huomioidaan kuntakaavoituksessa nykytilanteessa. Samalla on tunnistettu alueidenkäytössä ja maisemavaikutusten arvioinnissa esiintyviä yleisiä haasteita ja hyviä käytäntöjä. Suunnitteluvaiheessa tehtyjen maisemavaikutusten arviointien ja havainnekuvien paikkansapitävyyttä on tutkittu toteutuneissa hankkeissa. Hankkeessa on tehty maastokäyntejä toteutuneisiin kaavakohteisiin, ja vertailtu kokemusta suunnitteluvaiheessa tehtyyn havainnekuvaan samasta kohdasta sekä suunnitteluvaiheen maisemavaikutusten arviointiin.
Raportti sisältää käytännöllisiä esimerkkejä avuksi maisema-arvojen tunnistamiseen, maiseman huomioimiseen kaavassa ja maisemavaikutusten arviointiin.
Havainnot on suunnattu tueksi kaavoituksen valvontaan ja ohjaukseen erityisesti kuntiin sekä ELY-keskuksiin ja niiden työtä vuoden 2026 alusta jatkaviin Lupa- ja valvontavirastoon ja elinvoimakeskuksiin. Raportti on hyödyllinen apu myös asukkaille ja muille, jotka tarvitsevat tietoa maisemasta, maisema-alueista, maiseman arvoista ja maisemavaikutuksista.Saavutettavuusominaisuudet: navigointi mahdollista, kuvilla vaihtoehtoiset kuvaukset, taulukot saavutettavia, looginen lukemisjärjesty
The Seeker as Weaver. A Matrixial Approach to Feminist Futurity in the Artistic Praxis of Paulina Peavy
No full textThe essay considers the seeker as weaver and positions relationality as central to the experiences of many at the intersections of esotericism and modern art. It invokes the metaphor of weaving to envision a non-static, dislocated and liminal relational positioning by which the seeker weaves worlds: the visible and invisible, material and immaterial, self and other, public and private, and past, present, future. It refers to a relational approach within broader practices around art including art-making, curating and viewing and for which certain forms of art are intertwined with notions of futurity and the potential for societal and spiritual renewal. In doing so, it considers a possible feminine praxis of seekership that connects recent scholarship on seekership with notions of praxis and feminist theory with regards to the relational on the double axis of the social and psychic. It takes as its case study the American artist Paulina Peavy (1901–1999) whose feminist praxis of art-making and curating was guided towards collective change on both a social and spiritual level. Resisting the temptation to conceive of the artist as lone visionary, it establishes her networks (psychic and social) as productive spaces through which she navigated her praxis.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
“The Cabbage is a Rose” Feminist Eco-aesthetics from Surrealism to Contemporary Art
No full textThis essay revisits art as an alternative epistemology that probes the parameters of the real and the complicated entanglements between humans and non-humans from an eco-feminist perspective. It builds upon the work of Leonora Carrington and her deployment of the Surrealist marvellous fuelled by her engagement with occulture and explores, its ecological and feminist implications. It also comments on the multiple responses their legacy has engendered in the contemporary artistic scene, especially by artists such as Emma Talbot, who responds to the current sociopolitical and ecological crisis. The discussion is framed by an eco-feminist reconfiguration of aesthetics as feminist eco-aesthetics that can be used for shedding light on the various discursive strategies at work in artistic practices in which eco-occulture and the gender-political crossover. Premised upon reflections on the artwork by women Surrealists and insights drawn from eco-feminism, eco-criticism, feminist post-humanities and new materialism, feminist eco-aesthetics is defined as a set of radical visual strategies and modes of learning predicated upon multi-species interdependence, symbiotic being and ethics of care. This is a non-dualist aesthetics that offers artists a more efficient strategy to unsettle hierarchical images of the world and touch upon the socio-political oppression of women and of the entire web of interconnected non-human beings.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Lähdeluettelo/källförteckning
No full textOriginalversionen har publicerats på sidan
The original version has been published at
Alkuperäisversio on julkaistu sivulla
https://www.tritonia.fi/hcw/index.php?title=L%C3%A4hdeluettelo%2FK%C3%A4llf%C3%B6rtecking&teksti=lahdeluettelo&kuvavalikko=hideei tietoa saavutettavuudest