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Evropski protestanti o začetkih slovenskega slovstva v 19. stoletju
No full textPrispevek obravnava evropske protestante, ki so v tiskanih medijih (knjige in časopisje) 19. stoletja obnovili spomin na začetnike slovenske književnosti. To so: J. G. Meusel (1802), J. M. Schröckh (1806), H. Jansen (1808), J. Ch. Adelung (1809), J. S. Vater (1815), A. Chalmers (1816), P. Bayle (1820, 1823), J. Townley (1821), Th. H. Horne (1825), P. J. Šafarik (1826, 1869), T. A. L. Jakob-Robinson (1834, 1850), E. Olberg (1837), Ch. C. Timperley (1839), Th. Elze (1876), W. R. Morfill (1883), J. McClintock (1891), W. E. Möller (1894) in H. J. Eyster (1899).The article deals with the European Protestants who renewed the memory of the founders of Slovene literature in the print media (books and reviews) of the 19th century. They are: J. G. Meusel (1802), J. M. Schröckh (1806), H. Jansen (1808), J. Ch. Adelung (1809), J. S. Vater (1815), A. Chalmers (1816), P. Bayle (1820), J. Townley (1821), Th. Horne (1825), P. J. Šafarik (1826, 1864), T. A. L. Jakob-Robinson (1834, 1850), E. Olberg (1837), Ch. C. Timperley (1847), Th. Elze (1876), W. R Morfill (1883), J. McClintock (1891), W. E. Möller (1894), H. J. Eyster (1899)
Glasbeni tiski in rokopisi na literarna besedila Ivana Cankarja: povest Hlapec Jernej in njegova pravica
No full textPredstavljamo doslej manj raziskano področje uglasbitev literarnih besedil Ivana Cankarja. Zanima nas, koliko uglasbitev Cankarjevih besedil je doslej nastalo, kateri skladatelji so jih ustvarili ter kakšno je razmerje med uglasbitvami Cankarjeve poezije, proze in dramatike. V iskanju sožitja med besedilom in glasbo je bil v svoji uglasbitvi Cankarjeve povesti Hlapec Jernej in njegova pravica zelo uspešen slovenski skladatelj Karol Pahor. Uglasbitev Oče naš hlapca Jerneja za mešani zbor ter v priredbah za moški in mladinski zbor je dostopna v 13 tiskih in 8 rokopisih. Obravnavamo Pahorjevo uglasbitev te Cankarjeve povesti ter iščemo vzporednice in razhajanja med literarno in glasbeno umetnino na semantični in slogovni ravni.A seldom-researched area is presented: music based on Ivan Cankar\u27s literary works. The focus will be on how many musicalisations of Cankar\u27s texts have been produced, which composers created them and the relation between Cankar\u27s poetry, prose and plays that have been set to music. In his search for coexistence between text and music, the Slovene composer Karol Pahor was particularly successful in his musicalisation of The Bailiff Yerney and His Rights. His Oče naš hlapca Jerneja (Our Father by the Servant Jernej) for mixed choir and in adaptations for male and youth choir is available in 13 prints and 8 manuscripts. We deal with Pahor%s musicalisation and Cankar\u27s tales, searching for possible parallels and discrepancies between the literary and the musical works at the semantic and stylistic levels
Urbanistic study of evaluating initiatives, based on the indicators of living quality in the case of the Municipality of Škofljica
No full textMagistrska naloga obravnava problematiko kvalitete bivanja v Občini Škofljica, predvsem z vidika dodajanja novih stavbnih zemljišč, na podlagi pobud, ki so podane s strani lastnikov zemljišč. Pojem suburbanizacije in širitve mest na meji z večjimi mesti (primer Ljubljana) prinaša izzive in velike pritiske na mestna obrobja. V prvem delu naloge je obravnavana tematika suburbanizacije, širitve mest ter urbanih pojavov, kjer so opredeljeni tudi kazalniki kvalitete bivanja, ki bodo glavni faktor vrednotenja pobud v nadaljevanju magistrske naloge.
V drugem delu magistrske naloge obravnavamo pobude, ki stremijo k spremembi namembnosti, v večini po želji iz nestavbnih v stavbna zemljišča oz. širitvi zemljišč za možnost gradnje. Pobude se oštevilčijo in vrednotijo najprej po I. metodi, ki izvira na podlagi splošnih analiz okolja in predvideva absolutne in relativne omejitve v prostoru. Na podlagi I. metode se določijo in izločijo pobude z absolutnimi omejitvami. V II. metodi vrednotimo pobude, ki so po prvem krogu ostale brez omejitev na podlagi analiz ali pa so bile določene kot pobude z relativno omejitvijo. II. metoda vrednotenja je bolj kompleksna in se vrednoti v štirih različnih kartah, na katerih so določeni kriteriji kakovosti bivanja glede na specifike prostora. V tretjem delu se pobude, ki so po prvih dveh metodah označene kot pogojno sprejemljive glede na svojo vrsto oz. namen, razdelijo in se jim določi možnost nadaljnje obravnave z enim od dveh preveritvenih načrtov. Cilj je vpeljati metodo, ki bi pristojnim odločevalcem olajšala delo in ponudila nekakšen preliminaren pregled večine podanih pobud zaradi jasne opredelitve kriterijev, hkrati pa bi z metodo lahko razvili kakovosten prostor, ki bi prebivalcem omogočal kvalitetno bivanje in višje splošno zadovoljstvo z življenjem.The Master’s thesis deals with the issue of the quality of living in the Municipality of Škofljica, especially from perspective of adding new building land, based on initiatives submitted by citizens and potential investors. The concept of suburbanization and urban expansion on the border with major cities (for example, Ljubljana) brings challenges and great pressures on the urban periphery/city outskirts. The first part of the thesis, we discuss the topic of suburbanization, urban expansion, and urban phenomena, and define Quality of living indicators , which will be the main factor in the evaluation of initiatives in the continuation of the Master’s thesis.
In the second part of the master’s thesis, we discuss initiatives aimed repurposing, mostly from non-building to building land, or the expansion of land for the possibility of construction. Initiatives are first numbered and evaluated according to the first method, which is based on general analyses of the environment and assumed foresees absolute and relative limitations in space. Based on the first method, initiatives with absolute limits are identified and explained. The second method, evaluates initiatives that have remained after the first round without restrictions based on the analysis, or were determined as initiatives with relative restrictions. The second method is a little more complex and is evaluated in four different maps, on which criteria for the quality of living are determined according to the specifics of the space. In the third part, the initiatives, which according to the first two methods are marked as conditionally acceptable, according to their type are assigned single-choice evaluations out of two test plans. The goal is to introduce a method that would facilitate the work of competent decision-makers and offer a kind of preliminary review of the majority of the initiatives given due to a clear definition of the criteria, at the same time with the method we could develop a quality space that would enable the inhabitants a quality stay and higher overall life satisfaction
The design and testing of a 3D printed spiral Helmholtz suppressor for use with small calibre rifles
No full textPok strelnega orožja presega raven zvočnega tlaka 140 dB in posledično lahko poškoduje človeški sluh. Za dušenje poka se uporabljajo dušilci, ki raven zvoka znižajo za 20 dB in več. Klasični dušilci znižajo raven zvoka z mešanjem smodniških plinov in razbijanjem začetnega udarnega vala, spiralni Helmholtzevi dušilci (SHD), imenovani tudi spiralni Helmholtzevi resonatorji, pa to dosežejo z izkoriščanjem resonance plinov v ozki spiralni cevi, ki povzroči viskozne izgube. Tekom zaključne naloge smo oblikovali in natisnili več spiralnih Helmholtzevih dušilcev z različnimi resonančnimi frekvencami in njihovo dušenje poka testirali s pomočjo zvočnika. Izmerili smo njihove resonančne frekvence in jih primerjali z izračunanimi, te so povprečno odstopale za manj kot 7 %. Sestavili smo kaskadni SHD z resonančnimi frekvencami od 400 do 900 Hz v razmaku 25 Hz in ga testirali na malokalibrski puški. V primerjavi s pokom brez dušilca, je maksimalno raven zvočnega tlaka LCPKmax zmanjšal za do 20,7 dBc. Ravni LAFmax vseh frekvenčnih pasov od 6,3 Hz do 20 kHz pa je povprečno znižal za 9,7 dBa. Časovne meritve so pokazale, da komercialni in kaskadni SHD spremenita pok puške v časovni in frekvenčni domeni, tako, da ni več podoben Friedlanderjevemu valu, kar kaže, da sta oba razbila začetni udarni val.The sound pressure level of gunshots can exceed 140 dB and can consequently cause hearing damage. Sound suppressors can be used to lower the sound pressure level by 20 dB and more. Typical sound suppressor lower the sound level by mixing expanding gunpowder gases and by breaking up the initial muzzle blast, while spiral Helmholtz suppressors (SHS), also called spiral Helmholtz resonators, use the resonance of gases in a narrow spiral tube, which causes viscous losses. In our thesis we designed and 3D printed multiple spiral Helmholtz resonators with different resonance frequencies and measured their ability to dampen bangs with the use of a loudspeaker. We measured their resonance frequencies and compared them to the ones we calculated - these deviated, on average, by less than 7 %. We then assembled a cascade SHS with resonance frequencies between 400 and 900 Hz with a spacing of 25 Hz and tested it with a small calibre rifle. Compared to a rifle without any suppressor, it lowered the maximum sound pressure level LCPKmax by 20,7 dBc. The sound levels LAFmax of all frequency bands from 6,3 Hz up to 20 kHz were lowered, on average, by 9,7 dBa. Time domain
measurements showed that our commercial and cascade SHS suppressors changed the gunshot in both the time and frequency domain, such that its shape no longer conformed to the Fireldander wave, implying that both types of suppressors helped break up the initial muzzle blast
Dao 道 and Qi 器 in the Yijing 易经
No full textIn this paper, I will elucidate the basic structure of the correlative and complementary relationship between dao and qi in the Yijing. This relationship not only causes misinterpretations of the term “metaphysics” in the Sinophone world, but also has important—and very topical—implications for contemporary interpretations of the philosophical paradigms of technology in Chinese culture. In environmental studies, technology (including the basic human attitude toward it) is pivotal. In this article, I will focus on questions concerning cosmotechnology in China. In this context, I present a theory by the Hong Kong scholar Yuk Hui whose book on “Chinese cosmotechnics” has been immensely influential in Western academia working on philosophy of technology. In the conclusion, I will show how and why the structure of the relation between dao and qi is different from the relation between technê and arête in the ancient Greek philosophy, and why it can be seen as a different kind of an ecological standpoint
Modeliranje termomehanike kontinuiranega ulivanja jekla z brezmrežno numerično metodo
No full textThis work presents the development of a strong-from meshless radial basis function generated finite difference (RBF-FD) method for solving non-linear thermo-mechanical problems occurring in the continuous casting of steel. Augmented polyharmonic splines are employed as shape functions since they do not include the free-shape parameter as other well-known radial basis functions. Three different novel RBF-FD discretisation approaches (direct, composed, and hybrid) are introduced to tackle different levels of history-dependent material responses. Approaches are verified on various benchmarks where the direct approach is found to be unsuitable for solving non-linear problems. The composed approach successfully solves non-linear problems with a smooth distribution of material parameters. The hybrid approach is found to be the most suitable for solving elasto-plastic problems where material parameters are not continuously differentiable due to elastic-to-plastic transition. The developed hybrid approach, connected to the thermal RBF-FD model, is used to model thermo-mechanical response in the continuous casting of steel. A 2.5D travelling slice model is developed where susceptibility to hot tearing is analysed. Additionally, the thermo-mechanical model for modelling the cooling of steel bars on a cooling bed is developed. The developed models prove that the RBF-FD can be used to model a wide range of complex industrial processes, such as the continuous casting of steel billets and cooling of long products on a cooling bed.V tem delu je predstavljen razvoj brezmrežne metode končnih razlik generirane z radialnimi baznimi funkcijami (RBF-KR) v močni obliki za reševanje nelinearnih termo-mehanskih problemov, ki se pojavljajo pri kontinuirnemu ulivanju jekla. Kot oblikovne funkcije so uporabljeni poliharmonični zlepki augmentirani z monomi, ki ne vključujejo prostega oblikovnega parametra kot druge dobro znane radialne bazne funkcije. Uvedeni so trije različni novi postopki diskretizacije z RBF-KR (direktni, sestavljeni in hibridni) za obravnavo različnih ravni odzivov materiala, odvisnih od zgodovine obremenjevanja. Postopki so verificirani na različnih testnih primerih. Izkaže se, da direktni postopek ni primeren za reševanje nelinearnih problemov. Sestavljeni postopek je uspešen pri reševanju nelinearnih problemov z gladko porazdelitvijo snovnih parametrov. Hibridni postopek je najprimernejši za reševanje elasto-plastičnih problemov, pri katerih snovni parametri zaradi prehoda iz elastičnega v plastično področje niso zvezno odvedljivi. Razviti hibridni postopek je v povezavi s termičnim modelom z RBF-KR uporabljen za modeliranje termo-mehanskega odziva pri kontinuirnem ulivanju jekla. Razvit je 2,5D model potujoče rezine, v katerem je izvedena analiza dovzetnosti za vroče trganje. Poleg tega je razvit tudi termo-mehanski model za modeliranje ohlajanja jeklenih palic na hladilni klopi. Razviti modeli dokazujejo, da je RBF-KR mogoče uporabiti za modeliranje številnih kompleksnih industrijskih procesov, kot sta kontinuirano ulivanje jeklenih gredic in ohlajanje dolgih izdelkov na hladilni klopi
Study of phenolic compounds content in red wines and their solid dispersions in combination with α-cyclodextrin using HPLC analysis
No full textRdeče vino je že dolgo znano po svojih koristnih učinkih na zdravje, predvsem zaradi visoke vsebnosti fenolnih spojin, ki delujejo kot močni antioksidanti. Te spojine lahko pripomorejo k zmanjšanju tveganja za kardiovaskularne bolezni, imajo protivnetne lastnosti in lahko delujejo kot protirakave snovi. Vendar pa etanol, ki je prisoten v vinu, lahko škoduje zdravju, saj prekomerno uživanje alkohola povečuje tveganje za bolezni jeter, nekatere vrste raka in druge zdravstvene težave.
V magistrski nalogi smo določevali pet fenolnih spojin: galno kislino, kvercetin, resveratrol, kavno kislino in epikatehin. Te spojine smo analizirali tako v vzorcih vin in v trdnih disperzijah, ki smo jih izdelali s sušenjem vin v kombinaciji z α-ciklodekstrinom. Trdne disperzije smo izdelali z metodo sušenja z razprševanjem. V analizo smo vključili tako slovenska kot tudi tuja vina. Določitev fenolnih spojin smo izvedli z uporabo tekočinske kromatografije visoke ločljivosti (HPLC) z DAD detektorjem.
Rezultati so pokazali, da smo v skoraj vseh vzorcih zaznali vseh pet fenolnih spojin. Kot najboljši slovenski vini sta se izkazali vini Merlot proizvajalcev Vina Koper in Vipava, kot najboljše tuje vino pa Stobi: Pinot Noir. Nato smo primerjali potencialne izgube antioksidantov med vinom ter trdno disperzijo in dobili mešane rezultate. Razlike v koncentracijah fenolnih spojin so bile odvisne od različnih dejavnikov, kar je povzročilo tako povečanje kot zmanjšanje vsebnosti antioksidantov v nekaterih primerih. Večinoma je vsebnost antioksidantov padla za 20 %.Red wine has long been known for its health benefits, primarily due to its high content of phenolic compounds, which act as powerful antioxidants. These compounds can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, have anti-inflammatory properties, and may act as anticancer agents. However, ethanol, which is present in wine, can be detrimental to health, as excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of liver disease, certain types of cancer, and other health issues.
In this master\u27s thesis, we determined five phenolic compounds: gallic acid, quercetin, resveratrol, caffeine acid, and epicatechin. We analyzed these compounds in both wine samples and in solid dispersions that we made by drying wines in combination with α-cyclodextrin. The solid dispersions were produced using a spray drying method. Our analysis included both Slovenian and foreign wines. The determination of phenolic compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a DAD detector.
The results showed that we detected all five phenolic compounds in almost all samples. The best Slovenian wines were identified as Merlot from Vina Koper and Vipava producers, while the best foreign wine was Stobi: Pinot Noir. We then compared potential losses of antioxidants between the wine and the solid dispersions and obtained mixed results. Differences in the concentrations of phenolic compounds depended on various factors, resulting in both increases and decreases in antioxidant content in some cases. In general, the antioxidant content decreased by 20 %
Conformal prediction for assessing the reliability of value estimation
No full textV magistrskem delu raziščemo konformno napovedovanje vrednosti, pri čemer se osredotočimo na ocenjevanje zanesljivosti ocen vrednosti nepremičnin v Sloveniji, napovedanih s pomočjo neparametičnih metod strojnega učenja. Od tradicionalnih metod za kvantificiranje negotovosti se konformna napoved razlikuje v tem, da zagotavlja robustno statistično zanesljivost v končnih vzorcih na način, ki je neodvisen od porazdelitve vzorcev. Poleg tega so osnovni koncepti široko uporabni, enostavni za implementacijo in delujejo neodvisno od specifičnih modelov strojnega učenja. Na ta način konformna napoved omogoča kalibracijo modelov tako, da namesto točkovnih napovedi proizvaja intervale, ki so prilagojeni negotovosti modela in vnaprej določeni največji dovoljeni stopnji neuspeha. V delu opišemo in implementiramo različne metode konformne napovedi ter raziščemo njihovo učinkovitost pri določanju zanesljivosti ocen vrednosti nepremičnin, ki jih napovemo z uporabo naključnih gozdov. Ugotovimo, da lahko z opisanimi metodami proizvedemo učinkovite napovedne intervale z zagotovljeno stopnjo pokritosti. Ugotovimo tudi, da lahko s pomočjo napovednih intervalov pri nekaterih različicah konformnega napovedovanja kot izhod vrnemo tudi razred zaupanja za vsako napoved, ki ustreza smernicam relevantnih regulativnih teles.In this master’s thesis, we explore conformal prediction of values, focusing on assessing the reliability of property value estimates in Slovenia, predicted using nonparametric machine learning methods. Unlike traditional methods for quantifying uncertainty, conformal prediction offers robust statistical guarantees in finite samples in a distribution-free manner. Additionally, the basic concepts are broadly applicable, simple to implement and operate independently of specific machine learning models. In this way, instead of using models that provide point estimates, conformal prediction allows their calibration so that they produce intervals dependent on the model’s uncertainty and a predetermined maximum allowable miscoverage rate. In the thesis, we describe and implement various methods of conformal prediction and explore their effectiveness in determining the reliability of real estate value estimates, predicted by random forests. We find that the described methods can produce efficient prediction intervals with a guaranteed coverage rate. We also find that using prediction intervals, some versions of conformal prediction can return a confidence level for each prediction as output, which aligns with the guidelines of relevant regulatory authorities
Priznavanje vpliva, umik od ikone: Kafka v esejih Maura Covacicha in Giorgia Fontane
No full textEsej je kritična in refleksivna oblika pisanja, ni strogo strukturiran in temelji tako na avtorjevem znanju kot na njegovih morebitnih osebnih izkušnjah. Ima dolgo zgodovino in ostaja prisoten tudi danes, še posebej pa je bil priljubljen v 20. stoletju prav zaradi umika poznomodernega mišljenja od celovitega dojemanja realnosti. Članek najprej povzame teze nekaterih znanih literarnih teoretikov, kot sta Lukáks in Adorno, ter literarnih kritikov, kot je Italijan Berardinelli, ki so poskušali opredeliti značilnosti eseja, njegove številne namene in različne oblike. Ker gre za žanr, ki ni strogo kodificiran, se lahko posamezen esejist odloči, da bo pustil več ali manj prostora za subjektivnost, da bo razpravo oblikoval v hipotetični obliki ali pa jo zasnoval na preverjenih podatkihprav tako so lahko od primera do primera izpostavljeni različni nameni, včasih gno-seološki, drugič didaktični, pogosto pa tudi polemični. Članek s pomočjo primerjalne analize poudarja raznolikost namenov ter poetoloških in diskurzivnih pristopov dveh novejših esejističnih del o Kafki, ki sta ju napisala sodobna italijanska pisatelja Mauro Covacich in Giorgio Fontana. Covacichev esej (Kafka, 2024) je hkrati biografski in avtobiografski, pri čemer se njegova opažanja o Kafkovi poetiki povezujejo s psihološkimi procesi. Fontanov esej (Kafka. Un mondo di verità, 2024) pa je bolj analitičen in polemičen, saj si prizadeva ovreči skorajda že splošno sprejeta prepričanja o češkem pisatelju in je tako zlasti metodološko naravnan. Primerjava torej spodbuja razmislek o raznolikosti pristopov, ki jih lahko zavzame in jih dejansko zavzema žanr eseja.The essay, as a form of critical and reflective writing that is not rigidly structured, relies both on the author’s erudition and, where applicable, personal experiences. It has a long history and continues to be relevant, but it enjoyed particular prominence in the twentieth century due to its rejection of a totalising view of reality in late-modern thinking. The article first revisits the theses of prominent literary theorists, such as Lukács and Adorno, and literary critics, such as the Italian Berardinelli, who have sought to outline the characteristics of the essay, its manifold purposes, and its diverse modes of realisation. As a loosely codified genre, individual essayists choose to give more or less space to subjectivity, to frame their discourse hypothetically or anchor it in verified data, and to pursue aims that vary from case to case: sometimes epistemological, sometimes didactic, and often polemical. Through a comparative analysis, the article then highlights the diversity of aims and poetological and discur-sive approaches in two recent essays on Kafka by contemporary Italian writers, Mauro Covacich and Giorgio Fontana. Covacich (Kafka, 2024) adopts a simultaneously biographical and autobiographical approach, linking observations on Kafka’s poetics to psychological dynamics, while Fontana (Kafka. A World of Truth, 2024) is more analytical and polemical in intent: its author seeks to overturn near-commonplace views about the Czech writer, offering a lesson in methodology. The comparison thus prompts reflection on the variety of approaches that the essay genre can, and repeatedly does, accommodate