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Spreminjanje prevodne norme skozi obdobja: globalizacijski procesi od sedemdesetih let do danes
No full textPrevajanje kot proces soustvarjanja slovenskega jezika vpliva na jezikovno in prevodno normo, ki se hkrati z globalizacijskimi procesi spreminjata. Prevodi so časovno in kulturno determinirani in se oblikujejo tudi v odnosu do prevajalskih strategij in globalnih procesov, ki potekajo v družbi. V prispevku ob primerih kulturno specifičnih terminov, globalizmov in internacionalizmov podajamo pogled na spremembe v prevajanju literarnih besedil, ki so se uveljavljale v zadnjih petdesetih letih.Translation into Slovenian has an impact on language and translation norms, which are changing in line with processes of globalization. Translations are temporally and culturally determined, and they are also guided by translation strategies and global processes taking place in society. This article discusses examples of culturally specific terms, globalisms, and internationalisms to highlight changes in the translation of literary texts that have taken place over the last fifty years
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No full textResearch in sport management often defaults to cross‐sectional surveys analyzed with regression or structural equation modeling, even when questions and data environments call for temporal, experimental, ethnographic, or integrated designs. This paper addresses that misalignment by advancing method–question fit as the organizing principle for design in sport. We (a) synthesize how quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods are actually used in sport and where each is strongest(b) present a five‐step, sport‐specific decision framework (align question–theory, audit data/access, balance epistemology and feasibility, plan ethics by design, and integrate methods for innovation)and (c) consolidate guardrails for quality (psychometrics, model fit and invariance, qualitative trustworthiness, and mixed‐methods integration). Theoretically, we articulate a sport‐specific evidentiary logic, an integration blueprint joining variance and process explanations, and a reliability/transportability charter suited to proprietary data contexts. We conclude with practical implications for organizations and training, and a future research agenda emphasizing longitudinal, experimental, ethnographic, and mixed‐methods programs
Design and optimization of phospholipid vesicles for topical betamethasone dipropionate
No full textBetamethasone dipropionate is a topical corticosteroid widely used to treat common dermatoses and skin disorders. However, the poor skin penetration of traditional Betamethasone dipropionate formulations can impair therapeutic outcomes. In the present study, betamethasone dipropionate was formulated in phospholipid vesicles to maximize its benefits and minimize its side effects. Liposomes and transfersomes were developed using the direct sonication method and thoroughly characterized by light scattering, cryo-transmission electron microscopy (TEM), small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), rheological analysis and skin permeation studies. Human skin epithelial-like cells were used to study how the phospholipid vesicles affected cell proliferation and morphology. Both the liposomes and transfersomes were nanosized, spherical and predominantly unilamellar, but the transfersomes were smaller, more homogeneous and stable on storage due to the presence of Tween® 80. The latter was also responsible for a higher viscosity, which decreased at 32°C, the temperature of the skin surface, as determined by rheological analysis. Furthermore, tests of the formulations in skin cells showed the absence of cytotoxicity and increased skin permeation. Phospholipid vesicles represent a promising approach for betamethasone dipropionate delivery, as they are characterized by high stability and cytocompatibility. These properties may improve the therapeutic outcomes and minimize the side effects of betamethasone dipropionate, encouraging further investigation to confirm the effective and safe use of betamethasone dipropionate nanoformulations on the skin
Challenges for intergenerational learning in experimental workshops on essential oils and fragrant household products
No full textNeformalno medgeneracijsko učenje ima pomembno vlogo pri kakovostnem preživljanju časa razširjenih družin in prispevanju boljšega razumevanju kemijskih pojmov v povezavi z življenjskimi situacijami. Pri pregledu literature na področju kemijskega izobraževanja v slovenskem prostoru še nismo zasledili raziskave, ki bi vključevala medgeneracijsko sodelovanje, povezano z eksperimentalnim delom.
V teoretičnem delu magistrske naloge so v povezavi s področja strateških dokumentov izobraževanja predstavljeni mednarodni in nacionalni strateški okvirji z namenom okrepiti odzivnost na družbene potrebe in potrebe trga dela. V povezavi z agendo za trajnostni razvoj je opredeljeno kakovostno izobraževanje in predstavljeno formalno, neformalno in medgeneracijsko izobraževanje, posamično in v sinergiji. Sledi področje učenja in poučevanja naravoslovnih vsebin z vidika naravoslovne pismenosti, pomena eksperimentalnega dela kemijskega izobraževanja, na koncu pa so zajeti nekateri naravoslovni izobraževalni centri na mednarodni in nacionalni ravni.
V empiričnem delu je bila preučena medgeneracijska eksperimentalna delavnica z vidika izvedbe in usvajanja kemijskih pojmov. Pri izvedbi medgeneracijske eksperimentalne delavnice (v nadaljevanju MED) je sodelovalo skupno 29 učencev 8. in 9. razreda osnovne šole (v nadaljevanju OŠ) Mirana Jarca in 28 odraslih, od tega 12 pedagoških delavcev in 16 družinskih članov učencev. Vsi udeleženci so pred in po izvedbi MED o eteričnih oljih ter dišečih izdelkih za dom izpolnili vprašalnik. Z vprašalnikom sem želela ugotoviti izkušnje udeležencev z eksperimentalnimi delavnicami, ki vključujejo sodelovalno medgeneracijsko učenje in izkušnje s pridobivanjem in uporabo eteričnih olj ter dišečih izdelkov za dom, iz katerih razlogov so se odločili za sodelovanje ter ugotoviti njihova mnenja glede pričakovanj, kako v smislu dodane in uporabne vrednosti vrednotijo eksperimentalne delavnice, ki vključujejo sodelovalno medgeneracijsko učenje o eteričnih oljih ter dišečih izdelkih za dom. Poleg vprašalnikov so bili pri empirični raziskavi uporabljeni opazovalni listi, namenjeni raziskovanju medgeneracijskega sodelovanja izbranih udeležencev.
Iz rezultatov lahko razberemo, da ima zelo malo udeležencev izkušnje z izvedbo eksperimentalnih delavnic, ki vključujejo sodelovalno medgeneracijsko učenje, in malo izkušenj s pridobivanjem ter uporabo vsebine delavnice. Ugotovila sem, da so se udeleženci pilotske raziskave (PR) preizkusili z eksperimentalnimi veščinami predvsem zaradi vsebine MED, na udeležence empirične raziskave (ER) pa sta v enaki meri na sodelovanje vplivala tako vsebina kot oblika izvedbe delavnice. S pomočjo ocenjevalne lestvice od 1 do 5 sem spoznala, da udeleženci svoja znanja vsebinskega dela pred izvedbo pogosto ocenjujejo kot minimalna, po izvedbi pa kot dobra oziroma prav dobra. Preučila sem, da so udeleženci PR pridobili nova znanja o eteričnih oljih in dišečih izdelkih za dom, pripravili različne, preproste, predvsem pa lastne dišeče izdelke oziroma doživeli ali izkusili zanimivo, dišeče ter zabavno eksperimentalno delo. Spoznala sem, da so udeleženci ER pridobili poleg novega znanja o eteričnih oljih in aromatičnih izdelkih za dom pridobili nove izkušnje, spoznali otrokovo zanimanje in pristop do dela oziroma doživeli zanimivo, dišeče, zabavno, koristno in poučno eksperimentalno delo. Udeleženci so dodano vrednost MED opisali z vidika oblike izvedene delavnice, kot so medsebojno učenje, pridobivanje novih spoznanj in znanj. Pri tem je nekaj udeležencev PR mnenja o dodani vrednosti dalo v povezavi z vzpostavitvijo enakopravnejšega odnosa, v katerem vsi udeleženci istočasno spoznavajo vsebino delavnice, spoznavanja udeležencev v drugačnih situacijah, ne le pri pouku, in kot vpogled v odnos otroka do dela oziroma vključenosti v šolsko okolje. Ugotovila sem, da bodo udeleženci pridobljeno znanje in izkušnje MED uporabili za ustvarjanje in eksperimentiranje z družinskimi člani kot spodbudo za izdelavo podobnih izdelkov, daril, dišav ali novega eksperimentiranja. S pomočjo opazovanja in dokumentiranja izvedbe eksperimentalnega dela MED z vključitvijo družinskih članov sem raziskala dinamiko znotraj skupin z vidika medsebojnega sodelovanja osmih skupin ER in z vidika delitve vlog znotraj izbranih skupin. Na podlagi raziskave sem ugotovila, da v vseh osmih skupinah zaznamo interakcije znotraj skupin, ki pa se razlikujejo glede pogostosti in izbire udeležencev (iste oziroma različne generacije). V šestih skupinah med udeleženci ER na začetku vsake postaje potekajo interakcije medsebojnega sodelovanja v obliki pogovorov o izbiri, delitvi in postopkih dela (izjemi sta peta in šesta skupina), v nadaljevanju izvedbe potekajo interakcije generacijsko pri štirih (prva, druga, četrta in peta) skupinah, pri dveh (tretja in šesta) skupinah medgeneracijsko, pri preostalih dveh (sedma in osma) skupinah pa tako medgeneracijsko in generacijsko. Z vidika medsebojnega sodelovanja sem na podlagi opazovanja delitve vlog izbranih skupin, kjer so udeleženci zavzemali naslednje vloge: zbiralec, koordinator, načrtovalec, izvajalec in opazovalec, ugotovila, da med udeleženci v dveh (prva in četrta) skupinah zavzemajo aktivnejše vloge učenci, in sicer vlogo izvajalca, načrtovalca in koordinatorja, v peti skupini družinski članici zaradi neaktivnosti učenk preizkusita vse vloge in v sedmi skupini si aktivnejše vloge razdelita učenec in družinski član, babica.
Magistrsko delo je imelo zaradi izvedbe empiričnega dela v času zdravstvene krize covida-19 omejeno možnost izvedbe MED z vidika vključenosti različnih generacij in pridobitve dovolj velikega vzorca. V prihodnjih raziskavah bi bilo smiselno vključiti večji vzorec z udeleženci iz različnih krajev in dodatno izvesti intervjuje z vsemi udeleženci.Informal intergenerational learning plays an important role in enabling extended families to spend quality time together and in enhancing the understanding of chemical concepts in connection with everyday situations. A review of the literature in the field of chemical education in Slovenia revealed no existing research including intergenerational cooperation linked to experimental work.
In the theoretical part of the Master’s thesis, international and national strategic frameworks related to educational policy are presented, with the aim of strengthening responsiveness to social needs and labour-market demands. Within the context of the sustainable development agenda, the concept of quality education is outlined, followed by a presentation of formal, informal, and intergenerational education, both individually and in combination. This section is followed by a discussion of learning and teaching natural science content, with an emphasis on scientific literacy and the importance of experimental work in chemical education. The chapter concludes with an overview of selected natural science education centres at both the international and national levels.
The empirical part examines an intergenerational experimental workshop from the perspectives of its implementation and the assimilation of chemical concepts. A total of 29 students from the 8th and 9th grades of Miran Jarc Primary School (hereafter PrS) and 28 adults participated in the workshop, including 12 members of the teaching staff and 16 family members of the students. All participants completed a questionnaire before and after the workshop on essential oils and fragrant home products. The questionnaire aimed to determine participants’ prior experiences with experimental workshops involving collaborative intergenerational learning, their experiences with obtaining and using essential oils and fragrant home products, their reasons for participating, their expectations, and their views on the added value and usefulness of experimental workshops that incorporate intergenerational learning. In addition to questionnaires, observation sheets were used to explore intergenerational collaboration among selected participants.
The results show that very few participants had prior experience with hands-on workshops involving collaborative intergenerational learning, and limited experience with obtaining or using the workshop content. Participants in the pilot study (PS) primarily engaged in the experimental activities due to the content of the Intergenerational Experimental Workshop (hereafter IEW), whereas participants in the empirical study (ES) were equally motivated by the content and the format of the workshop. Using a rating scale from 1 to 5, I found that participants generally assessed their prior knowledge of the workshop content as minimal, but after completing the workshop, evaluated it as good or very good. The PS participants gained new knowledge about essential oils and fragrant home products, created various simple yet personalised scented items, and experienced the workshop as engaging, fragrant, and enjoyable. Similarly, the ES participants acquired new knowledge and experiences, observed the child\u27s interest and approach to the tasks, and described the workshop as interesting, fragrant, enjoyable, useful, and educational. Participants identified the added value of the IEW mainly in terms of its format, emphasising reciprocal learning and the acquisition of new insights and knowledge. Some PS participants additionally highlighted the establishment of a more equal relationship among participants, the opportunity to observe others in contexts outside regular lessons, and insight into the child’s engagement and approach to experimental work. Participants reported that they intended to apply the knowledge and experience gained through the IEW when creating and experimenting with family members at home, using it as motivation to produce similar items, gifts, or fragrances, or to engage in further experimentation. Through observation and documentation of the experimental component of the IEW, which included family members, I examined group dynamics of interpersonal collaboration across the eight ES groups, as well as role distribution within selected groups. The findings indicate that all eight groups exhibited internal interactions, although the frequency and selection of interacting participants (same- or different-generation) varied. In six groups, mutual collaborative interactions occurred at the start of each station in the form of discussions about task selection, role allocation, and work procedures (the fifth and sixth groups being exceptions). As the workshop progressed, four groups (first, second, fourth, and fifth) predominantly displayed same-generation interaction patterns, two groups (third and sixth) exhibited intergenerational interactions, and the remaining two groups (seventh and eighth) demonstrated both intergenerational and same-generation interactions.
Regarding cooperation, based on the observed distribution of roles in the selected groups collector, coordinator, planner, performer, and observer—I found that in two groups (the first and the fourth), students assumed the more active roles, namely performer, planner, and coordinator. In the fifth group, two family members took on all roles due to student inactivity, while in the seventh group, the active roles were shared between a student and a family member (the grandmother).
The Master’s thesis was limited in the implementation of the empirical part of the IEW due to the COVID-19 health crisis, particularly concerning the inclusion of different generations and the acquisition of a sufficiently large sample. Future research should include a larger sample of participants from various locations and additionally conduct interviews with all participants.
Keywords: Intergenerational Experimental Workshop (IEW), informal intergenerational learning, teaching and learning chemistry, importance of experimental work, essential oils and fragrant home products
Med jezikovno kulturo in kulturnim konservativizmom: leksikalni pari prevzeto – domače
No full textV prispevku obravnavamo vprašanje rabe prevzetih besed v slovenščini. Rabo ugotavljamo na podlagi korpusne analize na primeru leksikalnih parov prevzeto – domače, posebej pozorno z identifikacijo razlik in podobnosti na ravni vrednotenjskega pomena. Pri tem izhajamo iz predpostavk o aktualnih razmerjih med jezikovno(korekcijsko) paranormo, kot se udejanja tipično v lektorskih posegih, in dejansko, v korpusnih virih izpričano jezikovno rabo.This article deals with the use of borrowed words in Slovenian. Usage is determined on the basis of a corpus analysis using lexical pairs of loanwords versus native words, paying particular attention to identifying differences and similarities at the level of evaluative meaning. In doing so, assumptions are made about the actual relationships between the linguistic (corrective) paranorm, as typically realized in lexical interventions, and actual language use
Nicejski koncil (325)
No full textPričujoča slovenska izdaja vsebuje najpomembnejše pisne vire za nicejski koncil. Ni zamišljena kot celostna zgodovina arijanskega spora, še manj kot celovit prikaz teoloških razprav med 3. in 4. stoletjem ali izčrpen historiografski pregled obravnavanega obdobja z vidika cerkvene zgodovine. Gre za antologijo, cvetober zgodovinskih in teoloških virov, ki se zdijo najpomembnejši za razumevanje nicejskega koncila, da se bo slovenski bralec lahko z njimi prvič srečal neposredno. Vsakdo, ki se bo želel podrobneje seznaniti s problematikami, se bo moral napotiti h kritičnim izdajam v izvirnikih oziroma k drugim sodobnim prevodom
Smart energy management in home environment
No full textPoraba elektrike v gospodinjstvih se neprekinjeno povečuje, vrhovi porabe pa povzročajo višje stroške omrežnine in obremenjujejo distribucijsko omrežje. Diplomska naloga predstavlja celovit sistem za pametno upravljanje energije v domačem okolju z 8 kW sončno elektrarno in baterijskim hranilnikom. Sistem je implementiran s kombinacijo IoT (internet stvari) naprav, algoritma s pravili in odprtokodnih platform kot so Node-RED, Home Assistant, InfluxDB in drugimi. Glavne komponte so algoritem s pravili, lastno razvita polnilnica za električno vozilo z dinamičnim upravljanjem, aplikacija Solar Predictor za napovedovanje proizvodnje fotovoltaičnega sistema in aplikacija Local Net Proxy za varen dostop iz interneta. Sistem uspešno zmanjšuje vrhove porabe in optimizira polnjenje električnega vozila, kar dokazuje učinkovitost pristopa za domačo energetsko neodvisnost.Electricity consumption in households is constantly increasing, with peaks in consumption leading to higher network costs and placing a strain on the distribution network. This thesis presents a comprehensive system for smart energy management in the home environment with an 8 kW solar power plant and battery. The system is implemented with a combination of IoT (internet of things) devices, a rule-based algorithm, and open-source platforms such as Node-RED, Home Assistant, InfluxDB, and others. The main components are a rule-based algorithm, a self-developed electric vehicle charger with dynamic management, the Solar Predictor application for forecasting photovoltaic production, and the Local Net Proxy application for secure internet access. The system successfully reduces consumption peaks and optimizes electric vehicle charging, proving the effectiveness of the approach to home energy independence
Constitutional monarchy and long-run economic growth
No full textThis article examines the long-run relationship between constitutional monarchy and economic growth using a panel of 37 countries from 1870 to 2018. Exploiting the staggered timing of regime transitions as a source of quasi-experimental variation, we reassess whether monarchies promote prosperity or merely survive because of it. The results suggest that pre-existing economic development, rather than monarchical institutions themselves, explains the persistence of constitutional monarchy. The apparent growth advantage of monarchies is concentrated among wealthier pre-war states, where fiscal capacity and institutional maturity sustained stability. In poorer settings, constitutional monarchies failed to generate lasting growth and were eventually replaced by republican regimes, which subsequently outperformed them. These findings imply that prosperity sustains monarchy, not the reverse, and that contemporary constitutional monarchies represent the historical survivors of economic success rather than its institutional cause
How does the ownership structure of state-owned enterprises influence corporate entrepreneurship?
No full textThis paper explores how ownership structure shapes corporate entrepreneurship, paying particular attention to the mediating role of the entrepreneurial climate. While entrepreneurship is often associated with privately-owned enterprises (POEs), state-owned enterprises (SOEs) face distinctive institutional and organisa- tional challenges that can hinder their ability to foster innovation and risk-taking. This paper examines how state ownership affects entrepreneurial intensity through its impact on the internal climate for entrepreneurship, using multiple theory ap- proach. Starting from the agency theory, we develop a theoretical framework by introducing a resource-based view and institutional theory. Using data from 139 Croatian firms with varying ownership structures, the study shows that the nega- tive association between state ownership and entrepreneurial outcomes is not di- rect but is fully mediated by the entrepreneurial climate. These findings highlight the importance of internal organisational conditions in shaping entrepreneurial behaviour under state capitalism. The paper contributes to ongoing debates by integrating a multi-theoretical perspective and offering both theoretical and mana- gerial insights into how ownership structures influence innovation and corporate entrepreneurship
Empowering leadership and employee work engagement
No full textEmpowering leaders delegate authority, grant autonomy, and assign responsibilities to individuals or teams. Drawing on empowerment theory and self-determination theory (SDT), the present study hypothesizes that daily empowering leadership is related to employee work engagement through (a) psychological empowerment, and (b) the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. We col- lected data among 86 Norwegian Navy cadets during a 30-day transatlantic voyage (response = 97%n = 2022 observations). Consistent with hypotheses, results of multilevel mediation path analysis showed that daily leader autonomy support and development support were positively related to daily employee work engagement through psychological empowerment and satisfac- tion of the needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence. Moreover, leaders’ autonomy- supportive behaviour was most strongly related to psychological empowerment (not need satis- faction) and indirectly to work engagement when development support was high (vs. low). We discuss how these findings support and contribute to empowering leadership literature, as well as the practical implications