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Medkulturna kompetenca, nujnost v učilnicah 21. stoletja
No full textRecently, teacher educators have been required to possess strong academic credentials and intercultural competencies to teach successfully. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the extent to which teacher educators possess the skills of intercultural competence. Also, the study examines the factors that influence the intercultural competence of teacher educators. A sample of 300 teacher educators selected from two Tanzanian university colleges is used. The results indicate that teacher educators had higher mean scores in the dimensions of attitude, external outcomes, internal outcomes, and skills but significantly lower mean scores in the dimension of knowledge. Furthermore, factors such as living abroad, duration of staying abroad, level of education, academics’ teaching experience, and the faculty from where the academics come are significantly related to at least one dimension of intercultural competence. For instance, academics’ level of education is significantly related to the attitude, knowledge, and skills dimensions of intercultural competence. Therefore, the results have far-reaching implications for policy and future research.V zadnjem času se od izobraževalcev učiteljev pričakuje, da imajo dobre akademske reference in medkulturne kompetence, da bi lahko uspešno poučevali. Namen te študije je raziskati, v kolikšni meri imajo izobraževalci učiteljev veščine medkulturne kompetence. Študija prav tako preučuje dejavnike, ki vplivajo na medkulturno kompetenco izobraževalcev učiteljev. Uporabljen je bil vzorec 300 izobraževalcev učiteljev, izbranih z dveh tanzanijskih fakultet. Izsledki kažejo, da so imeli izobraževalci učiteljev višje povprečne ocene pri dimenzijah odnosa, zunanjih izidov, notranjih izidov in veščin, vendar bistveno nižje povprečne ocene pri dimenziji znanja. Poleg tega so dejavniki, kot so: prebivanje v tujini, trajanje prebivanja v tujini, stopnja izobrazbe, pedagoške izkušnje akademikov in fakulteta, s katere akademiki prihajajo, pomembno povezani z vsaj eno dimenzijo medkulturne kompetence. Na primer, raven izobrazbe akademikov je pomembno povezana z naslednjimi dimenzijami medkulturne kompetence: odnos, znanje in veščine. Posledično imajo rezultati daljnosežne posledice za politiko in prihodnje raziskave
Čustva v poeziji sodobnih beneškoslovenskih pesnic
No full textČustva v poeziji pesnic iz Beneške Slovenije so povezana z jezikovnokulturno identiteto manjšine in njenim negotovim obstojem. Spominsko ohranjene bivanjske vzorce danes razdira praznjenje vasi, propadanje hiš in izginjanje kulturne krajine, kar sproža žalost in zaskrbljenost, a tudi kljubovanje z ljubeznijo, upanjem, odprtostjo in občutljivostjo. V umetniško preoblikovanem domačem narečju pesnice potrjujejo osebne in kolektivne vrednote, krepijo samozavest skupnosti in nekoč sovražno italijansko večino nagovarjajo k empatičnemu sprejemanju.The emotions in the works of female poets in Venetian Slovenia are tied to the linguistic and cultural identity of the Slovenian minority and its precarious existence. Today, the patterns of life preserved in memory are being shattered by the emptying of villages, decaying houses, and the disappearing cultural landscape, which gives rise to sadness and anxiety, but also to defiance through love, hope, openness, and sensitivity. In an artistically transformed native dialect, these poets affirm their personal and collective values, strengthen the community’s selfconfidence, and appeal to the once hostile Italian majority for empathic acceptance
O čustvih v liriki in izbranih pesmih Maje Vidmar ter Uroša Zupana
No full textV prvem delu prispevka se ukvarjam z literarnoteoretičnimi, filozofskimi in psihološkimi teorijami o čustvih v liriki in predlagam, da kot načine predstavljanja čustev upoštevamo vse pesniške postopke in sredstva. Drugi del prispevka prinaša kratek vpogled v čustva, ki so predstavljena v zbirkah Psica in poletje Uroša Zupana in Minute prednosti Maje Vidmar, pri čemer analiziram tudi načine predstavljanja.The first part of this article discusses the literary, philosophical, and psychological theories of emotion in lyric poetry, proposing that all poetic processes and means should be considered as ways of representing emotion. The second part of the article provides a brief insight into the emotions presented in Uroš Zupan’s collection Psica in poletje (The Bitch and the Summer) and Maja Vidmar’s Minute prednosti (Minutes of Advantage), also analyzing ways of representing emotions
Obravnava nasilja nad starši in vrstniki ter nasilja v šolah z vidika ekološke teorije
No full textThis paper examines violence against parents and peers and violence in schools using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system theory. We aim to establish connections between these forms of violence, perpetrator characteristics, and conclusions about the influences at different ecological layers. Through in-depth empirical research, we reviewed police, prosecutorial, and court files on child-parent violent crimes. Out of the total closed cases, 46 were included for further analysis, with nine cases addressing violence or misconduct in schools. Our findings highlight the link between violence against parents, early adolescent misbehaviour, and academic problems. Outward manifestations of these issues include discipline problems, truancy, association with problematic peers, substance abuse or addiction, and violent behaviour. Boys exhibit a progression from psychological to physical abuse against their parents and others. These results confirm other conclusions on the early onset and persistent nature of violent and delinquent behaviour. Notably, mental health issues and substance abuse play a significant role at the microsystem level. In conclusion, we recommend policy upgrades with a systematic approach to address youth violence, appropriate care of young people’s mental health and the public delegitimation of various forms of violence.Prispevek obravnava nasilje nad starši in vrstniki ter nasilje v šolah z uporabo Bronfenbrennerjeve teorije ekoloških sistemov. Ugotoviti želimo povezave med omenjenimi oblikami nasilja in značilnostmi storilcev ter oblikovati zaključke o vplivih na različnih ekoloških ravneh. V poglobljeni empirični raziskavi smo pregledali policijske, tožilske in sodne spise o nasilnih kaznivih dejanjih otrok nad starši. Od vseh zaključenih primerov je bilo v nadaljnjo analizo vključenih 46 primerov, pri čemer je devet primerov obravnavalo nasilje ali neprimerno vedenje v šolah. Naše ugotovitve poudarjajo povezavo med nasiljem nad starši, neprimernim vedenjem mladostnikov in težavami pri akademskem uspehu. Problemi se manifestirajo navzven v obliki težav z disciplino, izostajanjem od pouka, druženjem s problematičnimi vrstniki, zlorabo ali odvisnostjo od drog in z nasilnim vedenjem. Pri dečkih je opaziti stopnjevanje od psihičnega do fizičnega nasilja nad starši in drugimi osebami. Naši rezultati potrjujejo ugotovitve drugih študij o zgodnjem pojavu ter vztrajni naravi nasilnega in prestopniškega vedenja. Pomembno vlogo na ravni mikrosistema imajo zlasti težave z duševnim zdravjem in zlorabe drog. V sklepu priporočamo nadgradnjo politik s sistematičnim pristopom pri obravnavi nasilja med mladimi, z ustrezno skrbjo za duševno zdravje mladih in javno delegitimacijo različnih oblik nasilja
Significant records of plants, algae, fungi, and animals in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 3
No full textIn this paper, we present two significant records of bryophytes in Slovenia, Cryphaea heteromalla and Riccia cavernosa, which were found in new phytogeographical regions. We report the three new records of an isopod Armadillo officinalis, a species that has been considered possibly extinct in Slovenia, and a new record of bat, Plecotus macrobullaris, from the Julian Alps
Povezava med rastlinskim mikrobiomom in hiperakumulacijo
No full textHyperaccumulating plants can take up extraordinarily large concentrations of one or more metal(loid)s from the soil and accumulate it/them in the aboveground tissues without exibiting any visible toxicity symptoms. Among more than 700 plant taxa reported to have evolved this unique phenotype, the most common is the hyperaccumulation of nickel (Ni), and less common is the hyperaccumulation of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl) or zinc (Zn). Metal(loid) hyperaccumulation is a result of several independent evolutionary events and despite considerable efforts, none of the proposed hypotheses on the environmental constraints driving these events has been supported fully to date. Among several tolerance strategies enabling hyperaccumulation is the allocation of metal(loid)s to competent cell types, typically away from photosynthetic apparatus, to limit damage to plant metabolism. Recently, the involvement of microorganisms colonizing roots in hyperacumulation phenomenon has achieved increased attention due to their role in the mobilization of metal(loid)s in the soil. The complex interactions between hyperaccumulation and belowground microbiome are of primary interest for phytoremediation, a promising green technology for removing or immobilisation of metal(loid)s in the soil with the help of plants. In this review, we discuss and complement current reports on the contribution of microorganisms to metal(loid) hyperaccumulation.Hiperakumulacijske vrste lahko iz tal v svoja nadzemna tkiva privzamejo zelo velike koncentracije ene ali več (pol)kovin brez opaznih škodljivih učinkov pri rastlini. Pri več kot 700 taksonih, za katere poročajo, da so razvili ta edinstven fenotip, je najpogostejša hiperakumulacija niklja (Ni), manj pogosta pa je hiperakumulacija arzena (As), kadmija (Cd), kobalta (Co), kroma (Cr), bakra (Cu), mangana (Mn), svinca (Pb), antimona (Sb), selena (Se), talija (Tl) in cinka (Zn). Hiperakumulacija (pol)kovin je posledica več neodvisnih evolucijskih dogodkov. Kljub precejšnjim prizadevanjem pa nobena od predlaganih hipotez, ki bi razložila evolucijsko prednost hiperakumulacije, do danes ni bila v celoti podprta. Med številnimi tolerančnimi mehanizmi, ki omogočajo hiperakumulacijo, je tudi kopičenje presežnih koncentracij (pol)kovin v določenih tipih rastlinskih celic, običajno stran od fotosinteznega aparata. V zadnjem desetletju v ospredje raziskav hiperakumulacije stopa vloga mikroorganizmov, ki kolonizirajo korenine, pri mobilizaciji (pol)kovin v tleh. Zapletene interakcije med hiperakumulacijo in podzemnim rasltinskim mikrobiomom so zanimive predvsem z vidika fitoremediacije, t.j. zelene tehnologije, ki s pomočjo rastlin na naraven način odstrani (pol)kovine iz tal ali pa jih stabilizira. V tem preglednem članku razpravljamo in dopolnjujemo dosedanje študije o prispevku talnih in/ ali simbionstkih mikroorganizmov k hiperakumulaciji
Verb clitics in clitic clusters in Slovenian dialects
No full textČlanek obravnava štiri pojave slovenskega narečnega besednega reda. Dva izmed njih sta arhaična – naslonka bi in sedanjiške oblike glagola biti na koncu naslonskega niza. Druga dva pa bolj dosledno kot sodobna knjižna sloveščina izkazujeta skupno južnoslovansko težnjo po dviganju glagolskih naslonk na začetek niza: to sta 3. os. ed. sedanjika in prihodnjiške oblike glagola biti na začetku niza. Analizirani so zapisi spontanega narečnega govora v skupnem obsegu 2505 strani iz 107 znanstvenih del in skladenjsko zanesljivih poljudnoznanstvenih knjig iz zbirke Glasovi, zapisanih po pripovedi naravnih govorcev posameznih narečij. Merila za izbor narečnega gradiva so potrjena skladenjska prvotnost/avtentičnost (tj. odsotnost približevanja knjižnemu jeziku), prozaičnost besedila in njegova dostopnost. Zaradi tega je gostota gradiva neenakomerna.The article deals with four phenomena of Slovenian dialect word order. Two of them are archaic – the clitic bi and the present forms of the verb biti at the end of clitic clusters. Two other phenomena more consistently than the modern standard Slovenian language reflect the common South Slavic Slavic verb clitics’ tendency to climb to the left border of the cluster. These are the Praes.3Sg and Fut forms of the verb biti at the beginning of the cluster. Records of spontaneous dialect speech in a total range of 2,505 pages from 107 scientific works and syntactically reliable books of the Glasovi collection are analyzed. Each one of the four phenomena is illustrated with a map. The maps contain 288 points that cover 452 settlements of the Slovene language space, ie. Slovenia and Slovenians abroad in all neighboring countries. The criteria for the selection of dialect material are confirmed syntactic correctness (ie. absence of a “literary” adaptation), prose nature of the text and its accessibility. Because of this density of the material is uneven. As can be seen from the maps, both archaic phenomena are most preserved in the Littoral dialects, but their areas do not match. Although it would seem logical that innovative and archaic phenomena should not appear in the same territory, a complex combination of factors leads to the fact that both innovative and both archaic phenomena are found in the same points in the south of the Inner Carniolan dialect
Naravoslovne kompetence učencev petega razreda – priložnost za ponovni razmislek o nadaljnjem izobraževanju za razvoj naravoslovnih kompetenc
No full textThis paper deals with the science competences of fifth-grade students (ages 10 and 11 years) in Slovenia. The science content researched in this study comprises chemical concepts, such as aqueous solutions, states of matter, and nutrition. The science competence and science competencies that elementary school students are supposed to develop are defined. In the following, the concept of attitude towards science and its role in the construct of science competence is explained. The three components of science competencies of the 10- and 11-year-old students were measured using a knowledge test to cover content and procedural knowledge and a questionnaire to measure the attitude of students towards science. The findings reveal that procedural knowledge is the least developed among students. It is also confirmed that attitude components have an important role in interpreting overall science competency test achievements. In the conclusion, the holistic view of the development of science competencies (knowledge, skills, and attitude) is emphasised. Further study of the attitudes towards science in relation to science competence development in a broader way is suggested.Ta prispevek obravnava naravoslovne kompetence učencev petega razreda (starosti 10 in 11 let) v Sloveniji. Naravoslovne vsebine, vključene v preizkusih znanja v raziskavi, se navezujejo na kemijske pojme, kot so: vodne raztopine, agregatna stanja snovi in prehrana. Opredeljene so naravoslovne kompetence, ki naj bi jih razvijali osnovnošolci. V nadaljevanju sta pojasnjena odnos do naravoslovja in njegov vpliv na konstrukt naravoslovne kompetence. Tri komponente naravoslovnih kompetenc 10- in 11-letnih učencev so bile merjene z uporabo preizkusa znanja, ki je zajemal vsebinsko in proceduralno znanje, ter anketnega vprašalnika za merjenje odnosa učencev do naravoslovja. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je pri omenjeni skupini učencev proceduralno naravoslovno znanje najmanj razvita komponenta naravoslovnih kompetenc. Potrjeno je tudi, da imajo komponente odnosa do naravoslovja pomembno vlogo pri interpretaciji skupnih dosežkov na preizkusu znanja naravoslovnih kompetenc. V zaključku je poudarjen celostni pogled na razvoj naravoslovnih kompetenc (znanje, spretnosti in odnos). Predlagano je nadaljnje raziskovanje odnosa do naravoslovja v povezavi z razvojem naravoslovnih kompetenc na širši ravni
Velikih pet dejavnikov osebnostnih lastnosti in prakse vodenja predstojnikov fakultetnih oddelkov
No full textThis study investigated whether the big five factors of personality traits can predict academic department chairs\u27 leadership practices. The study had a predictive research designthe data were collected from 424 participants in the 2023 academic year, and the instruments of this study were two questionnaires. The study found that the big five factors of personality traits predict the leadership practices of academic department chairs. Two factors of personality traits, conscientiousness and openness to experience, were statistically significant and predicted the practices in modelling leadership. Four factors (agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and extroversion) were statistically significant and predicted leadership practices in inspiring a shared vision. Three factors (neuroticism, extroversion, and conscientiousness) were statistically significant and predicted leadership practices in challenging processes. Two factors (conscientiousness and openness to experience) were statistically significant and predicted leadership practices enabling others to act. Three factors (conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience) were statistically significant and predicted leadership practices encouraging the heart. The study recommended that academic leaders be required to consider personality traits as an important dimension in selecting and assigning academic department chairs and other academic leaders at all levels at higher education institutions.Ta študija je ugotavljala, ali lahko velikih pet dejavnikov osebnostnih lastnosti napoveduje prakse vodenja pri predstojnikih fakultetnih oddelkov. Študija je imela napovedni raziskovalni načrtpodatki so bili zbrani prek 424 udeležencev v študijskem letu 2023, instrumenta te študije pa sta bila dva vprašalnika. Študija je pokazala, da velikih pet dejavnikov osebnostnih lastnosti napoveduje prakse vodenja predstojnikov fakultetnih oddelkov. Dva dejavnika osebnostnih lastnosti, tj. vestnost in odprtost za izkušnje, sta bila statistično značilna in sta napovedovala prakse pri zglednem vodenju. Štirje dejavniki (prijetnost, vestnost, odprtost za izkušnje in ekstravertnost) so bili statistično značilni in so napovedovali prakse vodenja pri navdihovanju skupne vizije. Trije dejavniki (nevroticizem, ekstravertiranost in vestnost) so bili statistično značilni in so napovedovali prakse vodenja pri preizpraševanju procesov. Dva dejavnika (vestnost in odprtost za izkušnje) sta bila statistično značilna in sta napovedovala prakse vodenja, ki omogočajo drugim, da ukrepajo. Trije dejavniki (vestnost, prijetnost in odprtost za izkušnje) so bili statistično značilni in so napovedovali vodstvene prakse spodbujanja srčnosti. Študija je priporočila, da bi morali vodje fakultetnih oddelkov upoštevati osebnostne lastnosti kot pomembno dimenzijo pri izbiri in imenovanju predstojnikov teh oddelkov in drugih akademskih vodij na vseh ravneh v visokošolskih ustanovah