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Motiv izgube poti: raziskovalni vidiki
No full textPri analizi terenskega gradiva se pojavlja mnogo vprašanj, med drugim vprašanje žanra, funkcije zgodb in problema zapisovanja. Interdisciplinarni pristop pri obravnavi etnoloških in folklorističnih tem je postal že skoraj nujen, zato je treba tudi pri raziskovanju pripovednega motiva "izgube poti" vključiti spoznanja folkloristične, etnološke in jezikoslovne vede.Many questions appear in the analysis of field materials. Research into stories about "a lost path" raises questions of genre, the function of stories and the problem of their documentation. An interdisciplinary approach has become almost indispensable when dealing with ethnological and folklore themes, so folklore studies, ethnographic and linguistic approaches should be used when researching narrative images of "a lost path"
Optomechanical separation of transverse spin and orbital energy flows in liquid crystals
No full textWe report a nondissipative optomechanical approach to separate the spin and orbital components of transverse energy flows of light beams. Focusing on uniformly polarized paraxial fields, the method relies on detecting the radiation-pressure-induced reorientation of the optical axis in anisotropic media—specifically, liquid crystals. Within a perturbative analytical approach, we demonstrate the selective encoding of the transverse spin and orbital components of the Poynting vector into orthogonal orientational elastic modes, whose relative weights are mediated by the Gouy phase. The spatial distributions of spin and orbital momentum can therefore be retrieved without resorting to point-by-point measurements using absorbing or scattering probe particles. Analytical results are supported by a fully self-consistent numerical solution coupling Maxwell’s equations and Landau-de Gennes nematodynamics in three dimensions. This exact framework captures higher-order and nonparaxial effects beyond the analytical perturbative regime and allows us to validate the predicted Gouy-phase-mediated optomechanical response. These results establish a practical route toward optomechanical imaging of the internal momentum structure of light, fostering momentum-resolved optical metrology and light-matter interaction studies with structured beams
A Report on the international symposium Hands-on ethnographies: the production and meaning of (contemporary) handicrafts 2025
No full textQuality analysis of silkworm Bombyx mori cocoons produced in Slovenia
No full textPrava svila je izločina sviloprejke Bombyx mori L. Predstavlja le okrog 0,1 % svetovne proizvodnje tekstilnih vlaken, a je zaradi cene, ki je kar 20-kratnik cene bombaža, pomembna tekstilna surovina. Potrebe po pravi svili na svetovnem trgu v zadnjih dveh desetletjih naraščajo za tekstilne namene, prav tako za kozmetično industrijo in uporabo v medicini. V Evropi je prihod sintetičnih vlaken dokončno uničil svilogojstvo in svilarstvo, s tem pa so se izgubila tudi znanja, med drugim tudi o odmotavanju kokonov in izdelavi svilene preje. Oživljanje svilogojstva se je v Sloveniji začelo leta 2016 s cilji vzpostavitve »zelenega« svilogojstva brez uporabe za okolje škodljivih fitofarmacevtskih sredstev in vzgajanje odpornih ras sviloprejk brez uporabe antibiotikov. Namen magistrskega dela je bil analizirati kokone dvajsetih vzorcev, ki so se med seboj razlikovali po izvoru hrane sviloprejk, tj. listov bele murve, in rejskih praksah, predvsem v načinu hranjenja gosenic in sušenja kokonov. Razvita je bila elektronska naprava z dvema navijalnima mestoma, ki je omogočila sočasno odmotavanje najmanj dveh kokonov in elektronsko beleženje dolžine surove filamentne svile (bave). Na kokonih so bili pred odmotavanjem izmerjeni masa, dolžina, debelina in videz. Za vsak vzorec je bilo odmotanih po 10 kokonov, za katere so bili poleg dolžine in mase svile bave brez pretrga izmerjeni še masa ostanka svilenega ovoja in masa bube. Najboljše rezultate dolžine svile bave je imel vzorec 2/4 (leto 2017, rejec z Madžarske, genotip murve Old Hu ge. (wild)) s povprečno dolžino svile bave 1,27 km/kokon in dolžinske mase 2,63 dtex. Vsi kokoni so se zelo dobro odmotavali. Med slovenskimi rejci je bil najboljši vzorec 2/9 (leto 2017, rejec ISS RLB (Maribor), genotip murve Old Slo genotip) s povprečno dolžino svile bave 1,205 km/kokon, dolžinske mase 2,48 dtex. Kokoni so pred odmotavanjem vsebovali povprečno 5,49 % zračne vlage, pri odmotavanju pa se je odstranilo povprečno 4,7 % sericina in drugih proteinov. Med maso kokona in svilenega ovoja obstaja linearna soodvisnost, pri čemer je bilo za naše vzorce ugotovljeno, da predstavlja svila bave dobro tretjino mase kokona, tj. povprečno 33,4 %. Uspešnost reje je močno vplivala na dolžino odmotane svile. Superiorni kokoni so dali nad 950 m, slaba reja pa med 650 in 700 m svile bave/kokon. Na podlagi analiziranih kokonov lahko rečemo, da so bili kokoni iz let 2017 in 2021 v povprečju zelo izenačeni po masi, dolžini in debelini, le da je bila surova svila v letu 2017 v povprečju bolj fina (2,5 dtex) kot v letu 2021 (2,8 dtex).True silk is the secretion of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. It accounts for only about 0.1% of the world\u27s textile fibre production, but its price, which is 20 times that of cotton, makes it an important textile raw material. The demand for real silk on the world market has been growing over the last two decades for textile purposes, as well as for the cosmetics and medical industries. In Europe, the arrival of synthetic fibres has finally destroyed silk farming and silk milling, and with it the knowledge of, among other things, cocoon unravelling and the production of silk yarn. The revival of silk farming in Slovenia began in 2016 with the objectives of establishing “green” silk farming without the use of environmentally harmful plant protection products and breeding resistant breeds of silkworms without the use of antibiotics. The aim of the MSc thesis was to analyse the cocoons of 20 samples that differed in the origin of the silkworm food, i.e. white mulberry leaves, and in the breeding practices, in particular the way the caterpillars were fed, and the cocoons were dried. An electronic device with two winding points was developed, which enabled at least two cocoons to be unwound simultaneously and the length of the raw silk filament (bava) to be recorded electronically. The weight, length, thickness, and appearance of the cocoons were measured before unwinding. For each sample, 10 cocoons were unwound. The length of the raw silk without breakage, the mass of the silk remnants and of the cocoon were measured. The longest raw silk fibre was obtained from sample 2/4 (year 2017, breeder from Hungary, mulberry genotype Old Hu ge. (wild)) with an average silk cocoon length of 1.27 km and a length mass of 2.63 dtex. All cocoons were very well unwound. The best sample among Slovenian breeders was 2/9 (year 2017, breeder ISS RLB(Maribor), Old Slo genotype) with an average silk cocoon length of 1,205 km and a length mass of 2,48 dtex. The cocoons contained an average of 5.49 % air moisture before threshing and an average of 4.7 % sericin and other proteins were removed during threshing. There is a linear correlation between the weight of the cocoon and the silk envelope, and for our samples it was found that the silk of the bale represented a good third of the weight of the cocoon, i.e. an average of 33.4 %. The length of the unwound silk was strongly influenced by the farming performance. Superior cocoons yielded over 950 m, while poor breeding yielded between 650 m and 700 m of silk bale/cocoon. Based on the cocoons analysed, it can be said that the 2017 and 2021 cocoons were on average very similar in weight, length and thickness, but the raw silk in 2017 was on average finer (2.5 dtex) than in 2021 (2.8 dtex)
Economic analysis of gas distribution in Slovenia
No full textNamen magistrskega dela je pravno-ekonomska analiza distribucije zemeljskega plina v Sloveniji. Glavna hipoteza naloge je, da je slovenski trg zemeljskega plina visoko koncentriran, kar omejuje konkurenčnost in zmanjšuje možnosti izbire za končne odjemalce. Pomožne hipoteze izhajajo iz predpostavke, da pravni okvir distribucije sicer zagotavlja osnovno varstvo odjemalcev in transparentno določanje omrežnin, vendar ne preprečuje prevlade največjih ponudnikov na trgu.
Metodološko delo temelji na analizi zakonodajnega okvira, predvsem Zakona o oskrbi s plini (ZOP), poročilih Agencije za energijo ter pravno-ekonomski literaturi s področja teorije konkurence in regulacije naravnih monopolov. V pravnem delu je predstavljen okvir regulacije prenosa in distribucije plina, varstvo odjemalcev, dostop do sistema ter metodologija oblikovanja omrežnin. V ekonomskem delu je analizirana struktura veleprodajnega in maloprodajnega trga zemeljskega plina v Sloveniji, s posebnim poudarkom na vprašanju tržne koncentracije in vpliva regulacije omrežnin na položaj odjemalcev.
Rezultati analize potrjujejo, da slovenski trg zemeljskega plina ostaja visoko koncentriran, kar potrjujejo visoke vrednosti indeksa Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI) tako na veleprodajnem kot na maloprodajnem trgu. Regulacija omrežnin, ki jo določa Agencija za energijo, sicer zagotavlja stroškovno pokritje in preprečuje neposredne zlorabe monopolnega položaja, vendar ne zmanjšuje strukturne prevlade največjih operaterjev distribucijskih sistemov.The purpose of this master’s thesis is a legal and economic analysis of natural gas distribution in Slovenia. The main hypothesis of the thesis is that the Slovenian natural gas market is highly concentrated, which limits competitiveness and reduces consumer choice. The auxiliary hypotheses assume that while the legal framework of distribution provides basic consumer protection and ensures transparent tariff regulation, it does not prevent the dominance of the largest operators in the market.
The methodological framework is based on the analysis of the legislative framework, in particular the Natural Gas Supply Act (ZOP), reports of the Energy Agency, and legal-economic literature in the field of competition theory and the regulation of natural monopolies. The legal part presents the regulatory framework of gas transmission and distribution, consumer protection, access to the system, and the methodology of tariff-setting. The economic part analyses the structure of the wholesale and retail natural gas market in Slovenia, with a particular focus on market concentration and the impact of network tariff regulation on consumers.
The results confirm that the Slovenian natural gas market remains highly concentrated, as evidenced by the high values of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) in both wholesale and retail segments. The tariff regulation set by the Energy Agency ensures cost recovery and prevents direct abuse of monopoly power but does not reduce the structural dominance of the largest distribution system operators
Študija primera za prikaz pristopa k statistični analizi variantnosti večbesednih enot v slovenskih korpusih
No full textIn Slovene linguistics, much research in phraseology has either been theoretical in nature or focused more on compiling lexicographic resources for human users. While several machine-readable lexicographic resources containing multiword expressions (MWEs) have also been developed in recent years, Slovene phraseology and computational Slovene linguistics remain largely divided into separate tracks. We attempt to bridge the gap with a brief demonstration of the benefits that computational and statistical approaches based on machine-readable data can have for linguists and phraseologists. We briefly present the SUK Training Corpus of Slovene, the largest machine-readable dataset for Slovene that contains annotations of multiword expressions, as well as the Q-CAT Corpus Annotation Tool that was used to annotate it. We extract examples for two Slovene MWEs (priti na zeleno vejo and podirati se kot hišica iz kart) from the morphosyntactically annotated Gigafida 2.1 Corpus of Written Standard Slovene using a rule-based approach that leverages syntactic structures. We perform a statistical analysis to determine the degree of variation within the extracted examples. We aim to show that machine-readable data is intended not only for developers of NLP tools but can also help provide additional insight into the structure and variation for the linguistic description of MWEs.V slovenskem jezikoslovju je precej raziskav na področju frazeologije teoretične na-rave ali pa so usmerjene v gradnjo slovarskih virov za človeške uporabnike. V zadnjih letih je bilo zgrajenih tudi nekaj strojno berljivih slovarskih virov, ki vsebujejo večbe-sedne enote (VBE), a slovenska frazeologija in slovensko računalniško jezikoslovje večinoma ostajata ločeni. V prispevku ju poskusimo povezati s kratkim prikazom ko-risti, ki jih lahko računalniški in statistični pristopi na podlagi strojno berljivih podat-kov prinesejo jezikoslovcem in frazeologom. Na kratko predstavimo učni korpus pisne slovenščine SUK, največjo strojno berljivo slovensko podatkovno množico z oznakami večbesednih enot, ter orodje za označevanje korpusov Q-CAT, s katerim je bil korpus označen. Iz oblikoskladenjsko označenega korpusa pisne standardne slovenščine Giga-fida 2.1 nato izluščimo primere za dve slovenski VBE (priti na zeleno vejo in podirati se kot hišica iz kart) s pomočjo pristopa na podlagi pravil, ki se opira na skladenjske strukture. Izvedemo statistično analizo in določimo stopnjo variantnosti znotraj izluš-čenih primerov. S tem želimo pokazati, da strojno berljivi podatki niso namenjeni le razvijalcem orodij za obdelavo naravnega jezika, temveč lahko tudi jezikoslovcem po-nudijo dodaten vpogled v strukturo in variantnost VBE