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Parlamentarne volitve in družbena čustva
No full textThe paper presents the findings of a survey of parliamentary elections in Europe from 1900 to 2020, conducted in the chambers of deputies of European national states. The frequency of elections is examined in relation to the number of political parties elected to parliament, with an average correlation calculated for each year. The results demonstrate a correlation between these two phenomena. The correlation has been tested using the Pearson test. The presence of a greater number of parliamentary political parties and the occurrence of more frequent elections can be considered indicators of collective social emotions. The paper presents new perspectives of exploring the sociology of emotions or the politics of emotions. Furthermore, the author complements the research with a detailed statistical analysis of the period in which the correlation is most pronounced (1919−1990), which corresponds to the theory of the short twentieth century.Prispevek predstavlja izsledke raziskave o parlamentarnih volitvah v Evropi od leta 1900 do 2020, opravljene v nacionalnih parlamentih evropskih držav. Pogostost volitev se preverja glede na število političnih strank, izvoljenih v parlament, pri čemer se za vsako leto izračuna povprečna korelacija. Rezultati kažejo na povezavo med tema pojavoma. Korelacija je bila testirana s Pearsonovim testom. Prisotnost večjega števila parlamentarnih političnih strank in pogostejše volitve lahko štejemo za indikatorja kolektivnih družbenih čustev. Prispevek predstavlja nove perspektive raziskovanja sociologije čustev oziroma politike čustev. Nadalje avtor raziskavo dopolnjuje s podrobno statistično analizo obdobja, v katerem je korelacija najbolj izrazita (1919−1990), kar ustreza teoriji kratkega dvajsetega stoletja
Mnenja učiteljev
No full textThe paper presents research conducted among Turkish primary school classroom teachers regarding their personal and professional views about creating and using KeKeÇa body music games as educational tools. The core principles of the KeKeÇa body music approach – embodiment, play orientation and arts integration – are increasingly recognised as important topics in education today. The research is a phenomenological study with ten young women, primary school teachers who teach at village schools in the mountains. The teachers went through the KeKeÇa training programme, which aims to enable participants to make use of body music in teaching primary school curriculum content. They designed and used body music games for all classroom subjects, especially those that were more difficult to learn in the first place. In order to investigate the teachers’ views, data were collected using an open-ended questionnaire and analysed using MAXQDA software. The results show that the teachers gained more control of the lessons, which became much more fun. They reported improvement in students’ motivation and joy, adding that the learning showed greater long-term retention and became less time consuming. In conclusion, according to the participant teachers, the KeKeÇa body music approach, attitude and practice made remarkable contributions to their professional skills and had a beneficial effect in teaching and learning di-verse subjects, and an enriching impact on their students’ motivation, joy and learning quality.Članek predstavlja raziskavo, izvedeno med turškimi učiteljicami v osnovnih šolah, o njihovih osebnih in strokovnih mnenjih o ustvarja-nju in uporabi iger z glasbo telesa KeKeÇa kot izobraževalnih orodij. Osnovna načela pristopa glasbe telesa KeKeÇa – utelešenje, usmerje-nost v igro in integracija umetnosti – se danes vse bolj priznavajo kot pomembne teme v izobraževanju. Raziskava je fenomenološka študija, v kateri je sodelovalo deset mladih žensk, osnovnošolskih učiteljic, ki poučujejo v vaških šolah v gorah. Učiteljice so opravile program usposa-bljanja KeKeÇa, katerega cilj je udeležencem omogočiti uporabo glasbe telesa pri poučevanju osnovnošolskih učnih vsebin. Oblikovale in upo-rabile so igre z glasbo telesa za vse predmete v razredu, zlasti za tiste, ki tudi sicer predstavljajo večji izziv za učence. Da bi raziskali mnenja učiteljic, so bili podatki zbrani z odprtim vprašalnikom in analizirani s programsko opremo MAXQDA. Izsledki kažejo, da so učiteljice pridobile večji nadzor nad poukom, ki je postal veliko zabavnejši. Poročale so o izboljšanju motivacije in veselju učencev, dodale pa so, da je učenje pokazalo večjo dolgoročno zadrževanje znanja in postalo manj časovno zahtevno. Sklepno lahko zapišemo, da so po mnenju sodelujočih učiteljic pristop, odnos in praksa glasbe telesa KeKeÇa znatno prispevali k njihovim strokovnim veščinam ter imeli koristen učinek na poučevanje in učenje različnih predmetov ter bogatili motivacijo, veselje in kakovost učenja pri njihovih učencih
Vzgoja otrok za ustvarjalnost in demokracijo skozi prakso glasbeno-dramske skupnosti
No full textThe priority of promoting children’s creativity and democracy in education, which includes values such as freedom of expression, competence, respect for diversity, empathy, collaboration, dialogue and the development of critical thinking and curiosity, is strongly supported by communities of practice that foster these values and promote heuristic and sociocultural approaches to music learning and artistic expression. The research explored how children aged 5–10 years (N = 10) used musical and artistic forms for creative expression in music drama activities within a community of practice (music drama studio), and how elements of democratic education were manifested in these activities. An ethnographic case study in early childhood education and care was used to explore children’s culture, experiences and actions through interactional and participatory observation methods. The data were analysed through a written protocol of observation, transcriptions and video recordings. An inductive and deductive thematic analysis was used to better structure and interpret the data, organised into two main themes (categories): Forms of creative artistic expression and Democratic aspects of education. The conclusion emphasises that the integration of music, other arts and process drama within a community of practice, led by a skilled teacher, provides authentic learning opportunities that foster democratic artistic expression, creativity and holistic development, preparing children for active citizenship.Prednostna naloga spodbujanja ustvarjalnosti in demokracije pri otrocih v izobraževanju, ki vključuje vrednote, kot so: svoboda izražanja, kompetentnost, spoštovanje raznolikosti, empatija, sodelovanje, dialog ter razvoj kritičnega mišljenja in radovednosti, je močno podprta s prakso skupnosti, ki goji te vrednote in spodbuja hevristične in sociokulturne pristope k učenju glasbe in umetniškemu izražanju. Raziskava je preučevala, kako so otroci v starosti od 5 do 10 let (N = 10) uporabljali glasbene in umetniške oblike za ustvarjalno izražanje v glasbeno-dramskih dejavnostih v okviru prakse skupnosti (glasbeno-dramski studio) in kako so se elementi demokratičnega izobraževanja kazali v teh dejavnostih. Za raziskovanje kulture, izkušenj in dejanj otrok so bile uporabljene etnografske študije primerov v zgodnjem otroškem izobraževanju in varstvu, in sicer z interakcijskimi in s participativnimi metodami opazovanja. Podatki so bili analizirani s pomočjo pisnega protokola opazovanja, transkripcij in videoposnetkov. Za boljšo strukturo in interpretacijo podatkov je bila uporabljena induktivna in deduktivna tematska analiza, organizirana v dve glavni temi (kategoriji): oblike ustvarjalnega umetniškega izražanja in demokratični vidiki izobraževanja. Zaključek poudarja, da integracija glasbe, drugih vrst umetnosti in procesnega gledališča v praksi glasbeno-dramske skupnosti, ki jo vodi usposobljen učitelj, ponuja avtentične priložnosti za učenje, ki spodbujajo demokratično umetniško izražanje, ustvarjalnost in celostni razvoj ter otroke pripravljajo na aktivno državljanstvo
Statutory grounds for returning gifts
No full textZakonodaja ureja razloge za vračanje daril po sklenitvi darilne pogodbe, ki se v praksi najpogosteje uveljavljajo po izpolnitvi darilne pogodbe oziroma po izročitvi predmeta darilne pogodbe obdarjencu. Gre za razloge, ki ne povzročijo neveljavnosti darilne pogodbe v sklenitveni fazi in ki ne predvidevajo soglasja pogodbenih strank. Gre torej za zakonske, nekonsenzualne razloge, zaradi katerih se darila vračajo po sklenitvi in izpolnitvi darilne pogodbe in sicer kljub nasprotovanju oziroma odsotnosti soglasja obdarjenca.
Zakonske razloge je mogoče smiselno razdeliti v štiri vsebinske skupine z vidika njihovega ratio legis, in sicer: 1. huda nehvaležnost, 2. neizpolnitev pogoja ali pravne obveznosti, 3. spremenjene okoliščine ter 4. varovanje interesov tretjih oseb.
Disertacija obravnava zakonske razloge za vračanje daril z vidika vprašanja, ali gre za odstopanja od načel pacta sunt servanda ter prostega urejanja obligacijskih razmerij, ki so utemeljena z legitimnim ciljem varovanja pravnega položaja darovalcev ali njihovih upnikov ter omejena na najmanjšo možno raven poseganja v pravno varnost, pravni položaj nasprotne stranke in prevzete obveznosti.
S širšega konceptualnega vidika disertacija obravnava darilo kot družbeni pojav z namenom presoje izhodiščne smiselnosti ratio legis zakonske ureditve daril in s tem primernosti posameznih rešitev znotraj te ureditve.Statutory law regulates the grounds for returning gifts after the conclusion of a donation contract, typically invoked following the performance of the contract—specifically, after the delivery of the object to the donee. These statutory grounds do not invalidate the contract at the conclusion stage and do not require an agreement between the contracting parties. Therefore, they represent statutory, non-consensual grounds for returning gifts after the conclusion and performance of the donation contract, despite the opposition or lack of consent from the donee.
The statutory grounds can be reasonably divided into four substantive groups based on their legislative purpose: (1) gross ingratitude, (2) failure to fulfil a condition or legal obligation, (3) changes in circumstance, and (4) the protection of third-party interests.
This thesis examines the aforementioned legal grounds for returning gifts to determine whether these exceptions to the principles of pacta sunt servanda and the freedom of contract are justified by the legitimate aim of safeguarding the legal position of donors or their creditors, while limiting interference with legal certainty, the legal position of the counterparty, and the obligations assumed to the minimum possible degree.
From a broader conceptual perspective, this thesis analyses the gift as a social phenomenon, aiming to evaluate the reasonableness of the legislative purpose behind the statutory regulation of gifts and the appropriateness of specific solutions within that regulatio
Pomen kakovosti javne uprave za evropeizacijo
No full textPublic administration plays a prominent role in state transition and modernization processes. Therefore, the quality of public administration affects transition processes in Eastern European states on their way to joining the European Union. This hypothesis is proven by analysing former socialist or communist countries that became members of the European Union during the two major waves of accession in 2004 and 2007 because, to do so, they had to implement internal modernization processes to more democracy and a market economy. A quantitative research design is used to investigate whether a functioning administration has a strong positive impact on transition, its effectiveness and sustainability. The result shows that a well-functioning administration significantly promotes transition processes and has a positive impact on transition to more democracy and a market economy.Javna uprava ima ključno vlogo v procesih tranzicije in modernizacije države. Njena kakovost pomembno vpliva na tranzicijske procese v vzhodnoevropskih državah, ki so se usmerile na pot priključevanja Evropski uniji. Ta hipoteza je potrjena z analizo nekdanjih socialističnih oziroma komunističnih držav, ki so postale članice Evropske unije v okviru dveh večjih širitvenih valov v letih 2004 in 2007. Te države so bile za uspešno vključitev v evropske integracije primorane izvesti obsežne notranje reforme, usmerjene v krepitev demokracije in vzpostavitev tržnega gospodarstva. Z uporabo kvantitativne raziskovalne zasnove je analizirano, ali dobro delujoča javna uprava pomembno prispeva k učinkovitosti in vzdržnosti tranzicijskih procesov. Rezultati kažejo, da kakovostna in učinkovita javna uprava pomembno spodbuja tranzicijo ter pozitivno vpliva na prehod v stabilnejšo demokracijo in delujoče tržno gospodarstvo
Ženska misel in čustvovanje nekdaj in danes: literarnopragmatični vidik
No full textV prispevku so v ospredju literarne protagonistke v zbirki črtic Zofke Kveder Misterij žene (1900) ter ženski glas v pesniških zbirkah Drseči svet (2020) in Rodna doba (2024) sodobne pesnice Nine Medved. Tematska presečišča so izzivi ženskega subjekta (npr. samoiskanje, partnerstvo in intima, materinstvo, (ne)želena nosečnost). V izbranem gradivu so bile analizirane jezikovnoslogovne prvine, ki v (literarnem) diskurzu nastopajo v vlogi označevalcev intenzitete, z namenom komparativne analize ženske misli v diahroni perspektivi.This article focuses on the female literary protagonists in Zofka Kveder’s collection of poems Misterij žene (The Mystery of Woman, 1900) and the female voice in the poetry collections Drseči svet (The Slipping World, 2020) and Rodna doba (The Fertile Era, 2024) by the contemporary Slovenian poet Nina Medved. The thematic intersections are the challenges faced by the female subject (e.g., finding oneself, partnership and intimacy, motherhood, and (un) wanted pregnancy). In the material selected, linguistic and stylistic elements that act as markers of intensity in (literary) discourse were examined to comparatively analyze the female mind from a diachronic perspective
The Role of Warm-up Activities in Secondary School English Classes
No full textMedtem ko sta imeli v preteklosti glavno vlogo pri pouku tujih jezikov slovnica in besedišče, danes strokovnjaki za poučevanje (tujih) jezikov poudarjajo potrebo po humanističnem poučevanju jezikov – torej po kombiniranju intelektualne s čustveno stranjo učenja, in povezovanju predpisanih učnih vsebin s humanističnimi aktivnostmi, imenovanih icebreakers in warm-ups. Prvi omogočajo učiteljem oblikovanje tesnejših medosebnih stikov in pomagajo vzpostaviti varno klimo v razredu, drugi pa v učencih vzbudijo pozornost, radovednost ter motivacijo in tako olajšajo učenje tujega jezika.
Cilj pričujočega magistrskega dela je ugotoviti, kako pogosto slovenski srednješolski učitelji angleščine uporabljajo zgoraj omenjeni spoznavalni in uvajalni aktivnosti, kakšne vrste uvajalnih aktivnosti najpogosteje uporabljajo, kako dojemajo svojo vlogo v tujejezikovni učilnici in kako po njihovem mnenju pozitivni ali negativni razredni odnosi vplivajo na učiteljevo uspešno poučevanje tujega jezika. Eden izmed ciljev je tudi ugotaviti, ali imajo srednješolski učenci raje tiste ure angleščine, ki se začnejo z uvajalno aktivnostjo, in, ali verjamejo, da vzpostavitev dobrega odnosa z učiteljem in sošolci vpliva na njihovo učenje/usvajanje tujega jezika.
Na ta vprašanja smo v empiričnem delu odgovorili s pomočjo kvantitativne in kvalitativne raziskave. Kvalitativna strategija zbiranja podatkov je potekala v obliki opazovanja učnih ur angleščine, kvantitativna pa v obliki treh vprašalnikov. Rezultati kažejo, da slovenski srednješolski učitelji angleščine začnejo svojo prvo uro na začetku šolskega leta v glavnem s predstavitvijo podrobnih informacij o poteku izobraževanja in ne s spoznavnimi aktivnostmi, in, da uvajalne aktivnosti uporabljajo le občasno kljub temu da se zavedajo njihovih koristi, imajo za njihovo pripravo dovolj časa, in, da učenci v njih uživajo. Tako učenci kot učitelji menijo, da so za proces učenja in poučevanja tujega jezika pomembni pozitivni medsebojni odnosi. Na podlagi teh rezulatov lahko trdimo, da je redna ali pogostejša uporaba spoznavalnih in uvajalnih aktivnosti priporočljiva, saj lahko z njimi učitelji preprečijo disciplinske težave in povečajo stopnjo motivacije ter sodelovanja v tujejezični učilnici.While in the past, the main foci of foreign language learning were grammar and lexis, today, language teaching experts give prominence to humanistic language teaching, ergo, on combining the intellectual with the emotional side of learning, and the prescribed subject matter with engaging humanistic activities, such as icebreakers and warm-ups. The former enables teachers to establish close interpersonal relationships and help build a safe classroom climate, while the latter ease learners into the foreign language by inducing attention, curiosity, and motivation to communicate in the target language.
The aim of this MA thesis is to ascertain how often Slovenian secondary school teachers of English use icebreakers and warm-ups, what type of warm-ups they most frequently use, how they perceive their role in the foreign language classroom, and to determine their opinion on whether positive or negative teacher-learner relationship influences their ability to successfully teach the foreign language. Moreover, this study aimed to establish if learners prefer English lessons that begin with a warm-up activity, and whether they believe that having a good relationship with their English teacher and classmates influences their foreign language acquisition process.
Quantitative and qualitative research were used to provide answers to the above-mentioned questions. As part of the qualitative data-gathering strategy, lesson observations were conducted, and, as part of the quantitative data-gathering research strategy, a survey and two questionnaires were created. The results indicate that Slovenian secondary school teachers of English start their first lesson at the start of the school year with a detailed course information instead of icebreakers, and that they use warm-up activities once every few weeks despite the fact that they are aware of their benefits, have enough time to prepare them, and that learners find them enjoyable. Both learners and teachers are also of the opinion that positive interpersonal relationships are important for the learning and teaching process. On this premise, it is recommended that teachers use icebreakers and warm-up activities on a regular basis to help prevent discipline problems, as well as to raise levels of motivation and participation in the foreign language classroom
The role and functioning of the human rights ombudsman in Republic of Slovenia
No full textDiplomsko delo obravnava vlogo in delovanje varuha človekovih pravic v Sloveniji. Najprej je pojasnjen pomen neformalnega varstva pravic in nato predstavljen najpogostejši mehanizem tega neformalnega varstva, to je institucija ombudsmana. V nadaljevanju je prikazano, kako je razvoj te oblike varstva človekovih pravic potekal v Sloveniji, in predvsem, kakšna sta dejanski položaj in vloga tega organa v slovenskem pravnem redu ter na kakšen način lahko skrbi za varovanje pravic posameznikov. Podrobneje so predstavljeni vloga, položaj, pristojnosti in delovanje ombudsmana v Avstriji ter analizirane razlike in podobnosti med slovenskim in avstrijskim modelom. Pri tem sta uporabljeni deskriptivna metoda in metoda komparacije.
V drugem delu diplomskega dela je z metodo analize opravljena empirična študija delovanja varuha človekovih pravic v Sloveniji v obdobju 2021–2023. Analizirani so obseg prejetih in rešenih pobud v tem obdobju, obseg in vrste kršitev ter priporočila varuha in njihovo uresničevanje. Študija je opravljena na osnovi letnih poročil varuha in odzivnih poročil vlade. Analiza pokaže, da so vrste in področja kršitev iz leta v leto podobna, da se vrsta priporočil varuha ne uresniči oziroma se uresničuje počasi, da pa je kljub temu realiziranih mnogo pomembnih priporočil, ki ne prispevajo le k rešitvi problema posameznika, ampak k spremembam na sistemski ravni. Delovanje varuha tako nedvomno prispeva k boljšemu varstvu človekovih pravic v Sloveniji in boljšemu upravljanju. Diplomsko delo podaja tudi nekaj priporočil, kako še izboljšati učinkovitost delovanja tega pomembnega organa.The thesis examines the role and functioning of the Human Rights Ombudsman in Slovenia. It first explains the importance of informal protection of rights and then presents the most common mechanism of such informal protection, namely the institution of the ombudsman. The following section outlines the development of this form of human rights protection in Slovenia and, in particular, analyzes the actual position and role of this body within the Slovenian legal system, as well as the ways in which it ensures the protection of individuals’ rights. The role, status, competences, and functioning of the ombudsman in Austria are presented in greater detail, followed by an analysis of the similarities and differences between the Slovenian and Austrian models. The research employs the descriptive method and the comparative method.
In the second part of the thesis, an empirical study of the functioning of the Human Rights Ombudsman in Slovenia in the period from 2021 to 2023 is conducted using the analytical method. The study analyzes the number of initiatives received and resolved during this period, the scope and types of violations, as well as the Ombudsman’s recommendations and their implementation. The study is based on the Ombudsman’s annual reports and the government’s response reports. The analysis shows that the types and fields of violations remain similar from year to year, that a number of the Ombudsman’s recommendations are not implemented or are implemented slowly, but that nevertheless many important recommendations are realized, contributing not only to the resolution of individual cases but also to systemic changes. The activities of the Ombudsman thus undoubtedly contribute to better protection of human rights in Slovenia and to improved governance. The thesis also provides several recommendations on how to further enhance the effectiveness of this important institution
Sopostavlenie jazykovyh sistem kak osnova obučenija slovenskomu jazyku kak inostrannomu (litovskij jazyk vs slovenskij jazyk)
No full textPrispevek obravnava primere uporabe spoznanj o metodološko relevantnih podobnostih in razlikah pridevniške kategorije (ne)določnosti v litovščini in slovenščini, ki zagotavljajo transpozicijo in preprečujejo interferenco pri poučevanju slovenskega normiranega jezika v litovskem jezikovnem okolju. Obravnavani primeri dveh vrst prenosa kažejo na uporabnost te tehnike za razvijanje slovnične kompetence in usvajanje norm slovenskega jezika
Impact of demographic changes on public finances
No full textDemografske spremembe predstavljajo enega ključnih dolgoročnih razvojnih in fiskalnih izzivov sodobnih evropskih držav. Slovenija se, podobno kot druge države članice Evropske unije, sooča s staranjem prebivalstva, nizko rodnostjo in daljšanjem pričakovane življenjske dobe, kar pomembno vpliva na javne finance, zlasti na pokojninski in zdravstveni sistem kot največja porabnika javnih sredstev. Namen diplomskega dela je analizirati vpliv staranja prebivalstva na gibanje javnih izdatkov za pokojnine in zdravstvo v Sloveniji v obdobju od leta 1994 do 2024 ter preveriti, ali se je vpliv demografskih dejavnikov v zadnjem desetletju spremenil.
Delo temelji na kvantitativni empirični analizi, izvedeni z večkratno linearno regresijo v programu SPSS. Uporabljeni so podatki Statističnega urada Republike Slovenije, Eurostata, Organizacije za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj ter Evropske komisije. Odvisni spremenljivki sta delež javnih izdatkov za pokojnine in zdravstvo v bruto domačem proizvodu, neodvisne pa delež prebivalstva, starejšega od 65 let, pričakovana življenjska doba, rodnost, stopnja zaposlenosti in BDP na prebivalca.
Rezultati potrjujejo statistično značilen pozitiven vpliv staranja prebivalstva na rast pokojninskih in zdravstvenih izdatkov, pri čemer imata največji vpliv delež starejših in pričakovana življenjska doba. Hkrati analiza kaže, da se je po letu 2010 vpliv demografskih dejavnikov delno zmanjšal, kar je mogoče povezati z izvedenimi reformami in povečanjem učinkovitosti zdravstvenega sistema. Diplomsko delo poudarja pomen pravočasnih in dolgoročno usklajenih politik za ohranjanje fiskalne stabilnosti.Demographic change is one of the key long-term fiscal challenges faced by European countries. Slovenia, like other European Union member states, is experiencing population ageing, low fertility rates, and increasing life expectancy, which place growing pressure on public finances, particularly on the pension and healthcare systems. The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to examine the impact of population ageing on public expenditure on pensions and healthcare in Slovenia over the period from 1994 to 2024 and to assess whether the influence of demographic factors has changed in the last decade.
The thesis is based on a quantitative empirical analysis using multiple linear regression conducted in SPSS. The analysis draws on data from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, Eurostat, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and the European Commission. The dependent variables are public expenditure on pensions and healthcare as a share of gross domestic product (GDP). The independent variables include the share of the population aged 65 and over, life expectancy, fertility rate, employment rate, and GDP per capita.
The results confirm a statistically significant and positive relationship between population ageing and pension and healthcare expenditure. The strongest effects are observed for the share of the elderly population and life expectancy. The analysis also indicates that the impact of demographic factors partially declined after 2010, which may be associated with pension system reforms and improved efficiency in the healthcare system. The thesis highlights the importance of timely policy reforms to ensure long-term fiscal sustainability