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Burnout among professional musicians: causes, consequences and prevention strategies
No full textMagistrska naloga z naslovom Izgorelost pri profesionalnih glasbenikih: vzroki,
posledice in možnosti preprečevanja obravnava pojav izgorelosti pri profesionalnih
glasbenikih, ki kljub umetniški naravi poklica pogosto delujejo v okoliščinah, ki presegajo
njihove psihofizične zmožnosti – dolgotrajne vaje, zahteve po popolnosti, ocenjevalne
situacije, negotovost zaposlitve ter pogosta izpostavljenost javnosti.
V teoretičnem delu je izgorelost predstavljena kot kompleksen sindrom, ki vključuje
čustveno izčrpanost, depersonalizacijo in zmanjšan občutek osebne učinkovitosti. Poudarjene
so razlike med stresom, depresijo in anksioznostjo ter njihova povezanost z izgorelostjo.
Perfekcionizem se kaže kot dvorezen meč – spodbuja odličnost, vendar ob pretirani
samokritičnosti povečuje tveganje za izgorelost. Samozaposleni glasbeniki se pogosto soočajo
z neurejenimi delovnimi pogoji in finančno nestabilnostjo, kar še dodatno prispeva k stresu.The master’s thesis titled Burnout Among Professional Musicians: Causes,
Consequences, and Prevention Strategies examines the phenomenon of burnout in
professional musicians, who, despite the artistic nature of their work, often operate in
conditions that exceed their psychophysical capacities – long practice hours, demands for
perfection, evaluative situations, job insecurity, and frequent public exposure.
In the theoretical part, burnout is presented as a complex syndrome that includes
emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment.
The distinctions between stress, depression, and anxiety, as well as their connection to
burnout, are emphasized.
Perfectionism is shown to be a double-edged sword – it promotes excellence, but
excessive self-criticism increases the risk of burnout. Self-employed musicians often face
irregular working conditions and financial instability, which further contributes to stress
Bridging the gaps in methods for enhancing working memory
No full textWorking memory plays a crucial role in many cognitive processes, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. Its limited capacity becomes especially evident in neurological and psychiatric disorders as well as with ageing, prompting researchers over the past fifty years to explore ways to enhance it. Initial pharmacological approa-ches examined the effects of specific agents on working memory in animals and later in humans. In parallel, psychologists developed behavioural training programs, which are particularly effective for individuals with cognitive impairments. Advances in neuroscience and neuroimaging have deepened our understanding of the brain mecha-nisms underlying working memory, leading to the development of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. In recent years, modern technologies such as virtual reality and gamified cognitive training have also been introduced. However, most existing appro-aches remain grounded in discipline-specific frameworks, with limited integration across scientific fields. This highlights a gap in methodological and conceptual coherence, and points to the need for more holistic solutions. This article aims to identify these gaps by analysing the historical development of methods to enhance working memory and highlighting the potential of first-person research and interdisciplinary approaches such as neurofeedback. It contributes to a better understanding of how more compre-hensive strategies could address the diverse needs of users more effectively.Delovni spomin igra ključno vlogo pri številnih kognitivnih procesih, kot so učenje, reševanje problemov in odločanje. Ima omejeno kapaciteto, kar postane še posebej opazno pri nevroloških in psihiatričnih motnjah ter s staranjem, zaradi česar so znanstveniki v zadnjih petdesetih letih intenzivno iskali načine za njegovo izboljšanje. S farmakološkimi pristopi so sprva preučevali vpliv specifičnih farmakoloških sredstev na delovni spomin pri živalih, pozneje pa tudi pri ljudeh. Vzporedno s tem so psihologi razvijali vedenjske treninge, katerih učinkovitost se je pokazala zlasti pri osebah s kognitivnimi primanjkljaji. Nevroznanost je z razvojem nevroslikovnih metod omo-gočila boljše razumevanje možganskih mehanizmov delovnega spomina, kar je vodilo v razvoj neinvazivnih tehnik stimulacije možganov in s tem novih načinov za izboljša-nje delovnega spomina. V zadnjem desetletju se v ta namen uporabljajo tudi sodobne tehnologije, kot sta virtualna resničnost in igrificirani kognitivni trening. Doslej razviti pristopi za izboljšanje delovnega spomina so večinoma temeljili na disciplinarno specifičnih okvirih, pri čemer je bilo celostno povezovanje različnih znanstvenih področij razmeroma redko. To kaže na vrzeli pri povezovanju različnih metod ter potrebo po bolj celostnih rešitvah. Namen tega članka je prikazati obstoječe znanstvene in metodološke vrzeli pri pristopih za izboljšanje delovnega spomina z analizo njihovega razvoja skozi čas ter osvetlitvijo potenciala prvoosebnega raziskovanja in interdisciplinarnih pristopov, kot je nevrofeedback. Članek tako prispeva k razumevanju možnosti za oblikovanje bolj celostnih pristopov, ki bi lahko učinkoviteje naslovili raznolike potrebe uporabnikov
The first women printers, booksellers and publishers in Slovenia
No full textZgodovina knjigotrštva, tiskarstva in založništva na Slovenskem vključuje tudi manj raziskano, a pomembno razsežnost – vlogo žensk pri ohranjanju in razvoju tiskarske, založniške in knjigotrške dejavnosti. Čeprav so bile te dejavnosti tradicionalno pretežno moška domena, so tudi ženske zagotavljale njihovo kontinuiteto. Po smrti svojih mož so nekatere prevze(ma)le vodenje tiskarn in knjigarn, nadzorovale produkcijo in distribucijo knjig ter aktivno soustvarjale slovenski kulturni prostor. Kljub družbenim predsodkom in pravnim oviram, ki so preprečevali javno priznanje njihovega dela, nekatere od teh žensk niso bile zgolj varuhinje družinskih obrti, ampak tudi podjetnice. S pogumom in iznajdljivostjo so prispevale k razvoju slovenske knjižne produkcije ter k zgodnjim oblikam ženske emancipacije. Zgodba slovenskih knjigotržk, tiskark in založnic je tako več kot zgodovina knjige – je zgodovina žensk, ki so bile v razmerah strukturne neenakosti tudi nosilke znanja in kulture.The history of bookselling, printing and publishing in Slovenia also includes a less researched but important dimension - the role of women in the preservation and development of printing, publishing and bookselling activities. Although these activities were traditionally predominantly male domains, women also ensured their continuity. After the death of their husbands, some took over the management of printing houses and bookshops, supervised the production and distribution of books, and actively contributed to the Slovenian cultural space. Despite social prejudices and legal barriers that prevented public recognition of their work, some of these women were not only guardians of family crafts, but also entrepreneurs. With courage and ingenuity, they contributed to the development of Slovenian book production, as well as to early forms of women’s emancipation. The story of Slovenian booksellers, printers, and publishers is thus more than just the history of books – it is the history of women who, in conditions of structural inequality, were also bearers of knowledge and culture
Poročilo o geofizikalni raziskavi na lokaciji Dobrava pri Kostanjevici – Dvorec s parkom (EŠD 25834)
No full textRenewed significance of Yugoslav socially engaged children’s literature with a focus on anti-fascist and anti-imperialist writings
No full textNa podlagi historičnega materializma in literarnega historizma prispevek problematizira manko družbeno angažirane otroške književnosti v nekdanjem skupnem jugoslovanskem prostoru po letu 1990 s fokusom na geopolitičnem ozaveščanju otrok. V kontekstu nove imperialistične delitve sveta in nevarno razplamtevajočih se vojnih žarišč je obuditev dediščine jugoslovanske antikolonialne in antifašistične literature in oživitev te zvrsti pisanja za otroke znova več kot relevantna. Predstavlja obliko vpenjanja otrok v realnost in kritičnega soočanja z njo na način, ki bi jim nudil potrebna spoznanja, da bi kot današnji otroci in jutrišnji odrasli delovali za svetovni mir.Drawing on historical materialism and new historicism, the article problematises the lack of socially engaged children’s literature in our region after 1990, specifically literature dedicated to fostering geopolitical awareness among children as readers. In the context of the new imperialist re-division of the world and the dangerous spread of armed conflicts, the rekindling of the Yugoslav heritage of children’s anti-fascist and anti-imperialist literature is again urgently needed in our region. Anticolonial literature is a way of realigning children with reality. It offers them necessary critical insights and cultivates social awareness so that they will strive for peace as children today and as adults tomorrow
Construction and marketing of the Solčavsko culinary identity
No full textČlanek obravnava procese ustvarjanja in trženja regionalne kulinarične identitete na Solčavskem. Osredinja se na akterje, ki so vpleteni v turistično-gastronomsko ponudbo območja na različnih ravneh: od individualnih nosilcev ponudbe do občine ter vmesnih institucionalnih teles, ki delujejo predvsem v obliki zvez in društev. Na podlagi zbranega etnografskega gradiva odpira vprašanja o predstavah tradicije in njenega domnevnega obujanja ter o novih kulinaričnih pobudah na proučevanem območju.This article explores the processes of constructing and marketing regional culinary identity in the Solčava region. It examines various actors involved in the area’s tourism and gastro-nomic landscape, operating at different levels – from individual providers to the munici-pality and intermediary institutional bodies, often organized as associations and societies. Drawing on ethnographic material, the study highlights notions of tradition and its purpor-ted revitalization, as well as the emergence of new culinary initiatives in the region
A Web Application for Household Food Management and Meal Planning
No full textZavržena hrana predstavlja resen okoljski in ekonomski izziv, saj se globalno
vsako leto zavrže približno 1,05 milijarde ton hrane, od tega večina v gospodinjstvih. Diplomska naloga obravnava razvoj celostne spletne aplikacije za upravljanje z živili in načrtovanje obrokov, ki uporabnikom pomaga
zmanjšati količino zavržene hrane. Sistem temelji na sodobnih spletnih tehnologijah in omogoča beleženje živil v inventuri, sledenje rokom trajanja,
iskanje receptov na podlagi razpoložljivih sestavin, načrtovanje obrokov ter
avtomatsko generiranje nakupovalnih seznamov.
Zaledni del aplikacije je razvit z Node.js in Express.js ter uporablja MongoDB bazo za shranjevanje podatkov. Ključna komponenta sistema je klasifikator živil, implementiran kot samostojen strežnik FastAPI, ki s pomočjo
fuzzy string matching algoritma in sistema učenja iz uporabniških izbir zagotavlja točno kategorizacijo živil. Klasifikator kombinira podatke iz OpenFoodFacts taksonomije ter uporabniško ustvarjene kategorije, pri čemer se
njegova točnost skozi čas izboljšuje na podlagi povratnih informacij uporabnikov.
Čelni del aplikacije je zasnovan kot enostranska aplikacija (angl. Single
Page Application – SPA) z uporabo React knjižnjice in Tailwind CSS za
odziven dizajn. Aplikacija podpira dvosmerno komunikacijo v realnem časupreko Socket.IO protokola, kar omogoča sinhronizacijo nakupovalnih seznamov med več uporabniki istega gospodinjstva. Integracija s Spoonacular
API omogoča iskanje receptov, ki so prilagojeni razpoložljivim sestavinam v
inventuri.
Testiranje aplikacije je potekalo v več fazah, od lokalnega testiranja posameznih komponent do integracijskega testiranja in testiranja z dejanskimi
uporabniki v produkcijskem okolju. Rezultati testiranja z uporabniki so pokazali visoko stopnjo zadovoljstva z točnostjo zaznavanja živil (ocena 8/10),
točnostjo predlaganih receptov (8,57/10) ter splošno uporabniško izkušnjo
(8,86/10). Aplikacija je dostopna preko varne HTTPS povezave, ki je bila
vzpostavljena s pomočjo Certbot orodja in Let’s Encrypt certifikatov.Food waste represents a serious environmental and economic challenge, with
approximately 1.05 billion tons of food discarded globally each year, the
majority occurring in households. This thesis addresses the development of
a comprehensive web application for food management and meal planning
that helps users reduce the amount of wasted food. The system is based
on modern web technologies and enables recording food items in inventory,
tracking expiration dates, searching for recipes based on available ingredients,
meal planning, and automatic generation of shopping lists.
The backend is developed using Node.js and Express.js, utilizing MongoDB database for data storage. A key component of the system is a food
classifier, implemented as a standalone FastAPI server, which uses fuzzy
string matching algorithms and a learning system based on user choices to
ensure accurate food categorization. The classifier combines data from the
OpenFoodFacts taxonomy and user-created categories, with its accuracy improving over time based on user feedback.
The frontend is designed as a Single Page Application (SPA) using the
React library and Tailwind CSS for responsive design. The application supports bidirectional real-time communication via the Socket.IO protocol, enabling synchronization of shopping lists among multiple users within the samehousehold. Integration with the Spoonacular API enables recipe searches tailored to available ingredients in the inventory.
Application testing was conducted in multiple phases, from local testing of individual components to integration testing and testing with actual
users in a production environment. User testing results showed high satisfaction with food recognition accuracy (score 8/10), recipe suggestion accuracy
(8.57/10), and overall user experience (8.86/10). The application is accessible via a secure HTTPS connection, established using Certbot and Let’s
Encrypt certificates
Tuning the surface activity and micellization of closo-dodecaborate-based dianionic surfactants via linker and counterion selection
No full texto understand the impact of alkaline counterions on the self-assembly of atypical dianionic surfactants, we synthesized a series of novel amphiphilic compounds featuring a bulky dianionic head based on closo-dodecaborate and a hydrophobic alkoxy tail connected via short linkers of different complexation ability toward alkaline cations. The synthetic strategy relied on the opening of cyclic oxonium derivatives by activated alcohol, enabling the attachment of hydrophobic chains to the boron cluster framework. The synthesis of novel surfactants with high cationic purity free from contaminating ions or additional inorganic salts is described. Self-assembly of the dodecaborate-based surfactants at the air–water interface and in aqueous solutions was investigated using tensiometry, various NMR spectroscopy techniques, dynamic light scattering, and all-atom MD simulations. Interestingly, despite their dianionic heads, the surfactants form compact monolayers in cases in which efficient binding of counterions to surfactant dianions occurs. MD simulations suggested relatively small surfactant micelles above the critical micelle concentration, which was confirmed by light scattering analysis. There is evidence that their aggregation number and morphology are strongly dependent on counterion immobilization. The mobility of counterions was observed directly by Li, Na, K, and Cs NMR spectroscopy, which allowed us to understand the binding abilities of linkers and dianionic heads toward counterions
INSL3 expression in Leydig cells is a biomarker for immunocastration in boars: transcriptional evidence
No full textStudy aimed to obtain insights into physiological responses to immunocastration in pubertal boars by evaluating effects of alternative vaccination protocols and identifying a reliable immunocastration biomarker. It was hypothesized that the timing of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) suppression by immunocastration differentially affects reproductive function, as reflected by testicular histology and expression of selected genes related to testicular function, steroid metabolism, and Leydig cell differentiation and function. Effects of three vaccination protocols on antibody titers, testicular histomorphology, and mRNA expression in immunocastrates slaughtered 4, 8, or 12 weeks (IC-4, IC-8, and IC-12, respectivelyn = 6 per group) after booster were compared with entire males (EMsn = 6). Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering were used to evaluate individual responses and to identify an immunocastration biomarker(s). The selected biomarker was also validated on samples from previous studies. All immunocastrated boars reacted immunologically to vaccination (increased GnRH antibody titerp 1.5 and p < 0.05). There were variable responses to immunocastration in pubertal boars subjected to three vaccination protocols. Suppression of testicular function was most pronounced in boars slaughtered 4 weeks after the booster, whereas progressive recovery occurred in some boars 8 and 12 weeks after the booster. Irrespective of vaccination protocol, INSL3 mRNA expression was a reliable immunocastration biomarker