Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
Not a member yet
127603 research outputs found
Sort by
Simulation-Based Framework for Backflashover Rate Estimation in High-Voltage Transmission Lines Integrating Monte-Carlo, ATP-EMTP, and Leader Progression Model
No full textLightning-induced backflashovers pose significant risks to high-voltage transmission systems, particularly in high lightning activity regions. Conventional backflashover rate (BFR) estimation methods rely on simplified empirical formulas that lack accuracy in complex scenarios. This paper presents a comprehensive simulation framework integrating (i) a Simulation-Based Leader Progression Model (SB-LPM) implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics-MATLAB to evaluate lightning attachment through detailed electrostatic field analysis and streamer-leader dynamics, (ii) ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulations incorporating multi-component Heidler function current waveforms, calibrated to regional lightning measurements, and (iii) a Monte Carlo analysis for statistical assessment of backflashover susceptibility. Applied to a representative 138 kV transmission line in Minas Gerais, Brazil, the framework shows that BFR results are highly sensitive to tower-footing impedance and attachment model selection. The SB-LPM yields systematically different predictions compared to traditional electrogeometric models, yielding approximately 10% lower BFR estimates at 20 Omega grounding impedance relative to the widely used Eriksson model. The framework enables comprehensive lightning performance assessment by incorporating geometry-sensitive attachment modeling, realistic current waveform synthesis, and detailed system transient response, providing valuable insights for transmission line insulation coordination studies
Harmonisation and implementation of sports-related concussion guidelines in European youth football : the REFORM Erasmus plus project
No full textIntroduction: Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are frequently under-reported in youth sports, especially football, due to limited awareness, inconsistent reporting practices and a lack of medical personnel at the grassroots level. Concussion management protocols vary widely across regions, highlighting the need for a standardised approach. This study aims to harmonise SRC education and management practices in European youth football through an interdisciplinary collaboration involving football associations, healthcare professionals and academic institutions from Norway, Germany, Croatia and Turkey. The project will develop and implement educational resources (eg, toolkits, workshops and a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)) targeted at coaches, players, parents, referees and medical personnel. Methods and analysis: Using a participatory action research design guided by the Logical Framework Approach, the project will develop, pilot and evaluate concussion education tools across diverse football contexts. Surveys, focus groups and participatory workshops will be used to assess changes in knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data from focus groups and interviews will undergo reflexive thematic analysis. Engagement metrics from MOOCs and toolkits will also be tracked. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval has been obtained in all participating countries. Informed consent (or parental consent for minors) will be secured for all participants. Dissemination will occur through UEFA, national football associations and complemented by social media outreach and presentations at sports conferences. The project is expected to enhance stakeholder awareness, improve concussion management protocols and provide a scalable model for concussion education in grassroots football across Europe
Estimating national Red List statuses for fungi in Sweden : An improved deep learning approach to account for unbalanced data
No full textNational and international extinction threat assessments provide critical data for research and conservation. Yet, many taxa remain unassessed due to the intensive data requirements of manual evaluations. For example, in Sweden, fewer than 40 % of known fungal species have an assigned extinction risk in the national Red List. To address this, approximation methods have emerged to provide estimates of extinction risk for species lacking an officially assigned status. These automated extinction threat inferences can be viewed as a best-evidence approximation, flagging potentially threatened species for further ecological research and targeted manual Red List assessments. One such approximation method is the deep learning approach implemented in the IUCNN package, predicting extinction risk using environment features extracted from species occurrence data. However, such approximation models face challenges arising from class imbalances, with most species classified as Least Concern, which biases predictions. Here, we advance the IUCNN framework by applying balanced accuracy as a performance metric and using class weights and oversampling to mitigate class imbalance. This approach improves the model's ability to predict intermediate classes, such as Near Threatened (NT), Vulnerable (VU), and Endangered (EN), resulting in higher overall balanced accuracy. We applied this approach nationally to 1445 unassessed Swedish fungal species, covering nearly half of the country's known fungi and increasing the number of fungi with a national extinction threat status by over 10 %. Our approach identified 661 species as potentially threatened, doubling the total of fungal species listed as threatened compared to the existing Swedish Red List assessments. This highlights previously unrecognized conservation priorities by shortlisting potentially threatened species that would be good targets to receive more attention from conservation authorities and manual Red List assessments
Alla är förebilder : Att motverka stereotypa könsmönster i förskolan
No full textStudien tar sin utgångspunkt i förskolans uppdrag att motverka stereotypa könsmönster, där pedagogen lyfts fram som en central förebild. Syftet är att undersöka hur kvinnliga och manliga förskollärare uppfattar och beskriver sin roll som förebild i förskolan, samt hur de resonerar kring sitt arbete med att motverka könsmönster i verksamheten. Forskningen har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta legitimerade förskollärare, fyra kvinnor och fyra män. Studiens analysdel utgår från ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv i kombination med Judith Butlers genusteori. Resultatet visar att förebildsrollen upplevs som ett komplext begrepp och beskrivs främst som mänsklig och professionell, snarare än kopplad till ett specifikt biologiskt kön. Ett oväntat resultat i studien är att förskollärarnas beskrivningar av förebildsrollen till viss del motsäger tidigare etablerade könsbundna egenskaper. De kvinnliga förskollärarna lade vikt på det didaktiska och professionella ansvaret, vilket i tidigare forskning är aspekter som associeras med förväntningar på manliga pedagoger. De manliga förskollärarna fokuserade mer på relationsskapande och närvaro i leken, förväntningar som tidigare tillskrevs kvinnliga pedagoger i förskolan. En gemensam nämnare hos samtliga förskollärare är strävan efter ett könsneutralt bemötande. Studien konstaterar även att den fysiska närvaron av manliga pedagoger inte är tillräcklig utan att det är pedagogens genusmedvetenhet och aktiva förhållningssätt som är avgörande för att motverka könsmönster. Slutligen visar studien att förebildsrollen beskrivs av informanterna som mångfacetterad och otydlig samt att det framkommer att rollen sällan diskuteras i arbetslaget, vilket leder till slutsatsen att begreppet behöver konkretiseras ytterligare i förskolans läroplan samt uppdrag
Non-local X-ray intermolecular radiative decay probes solvation shell of ions in water
No full textAqueous solutions are crucial in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and technology. The chemistry of solutes is influenced by the surrounding solvation shell of water molecules, which have different chemical properties than bulk water due to their different electronic and geometric structure. It is experimentally challenging to selectively investigate this property-determining electronic and geometric structure. Here, we report experimental results on the non-local X-ray emission process Intermolecular Radiative Decay, for the prototypical ions Na+ and Mg2+ in water. We show that, in Intermolecular Radiative Decay, an electron from the solvation shell fills a core hole in the solute, and the released energy is emitted as an X-ray photon. We interpret the underlying mechanism using theoretical calculations, and show how Intermolecular Radiative Decay will allow us to meet the challenge of selectively probing the solvation shell from within
Sampling through the lens of QRPs
No full textFrom an ethical standpoint, it is important that we ensure that our sampling procedures allow us to make generalizations about the populations we wish to represent. In this commentary, we agree with the perspective offered by Kim and Chen (2025), though we would also suggest that we broaden their call to action into a larger consideration of the researcher decisions that scholars make when conducting research. We are particularly interested in the role played by what has been termed questionable research practices (QPRs), that is, actions that fall somewhere between typically agreed upon research actions on the one side and research misconduct on the other
Search for a 1- + molecular state via e+e- →γDs+ Ds1- (2536) + c.c.
No full textWe search, for the first time, for an exotic molecular state with quantum numbers JPC = 1(-+), called X, via the process e(+)e(-) -> gamma D-s(+) D-s1(-) (2536) + c.c. using data samples corresponding to a luminosity of 5.8 fb(-1) across center-of-mass energies from 4.612 to 4.951 GeV, collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII Collider. No statistically significant signal is observed. The upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction sigma(e(+)e(-) -> gamma X) . B(X -> D-s(+) D-s1(-) (2536) + c.c.) at 90% confidence level are reported for each energy point, assuming the X mass to be 4.503 GeV/c(2) and the width 25, 50, 75, and 100 MeV, respectively.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/7b2z-qtly</p
Från teater till lärande : En kvalitativ studie om pedagogers syn på drama i förskolan
No full textSyftet med denna studie var att synliggöra pedagogers uppfattningar kring drama och hur det används som pedagogiskt verktyg i förskolan, samt att undersöka pedagogernas känslor och praktiska tillämpningar, både spontant och planerat. Studien genomfördes kvalitativt med semistrukturerade intervjuer i två delstudier: en med pedagoger som arbetade med yngre barn och en med pedagoger som arbetade med äldre barn. Empirin analyserades tematiskt ur ett sociokulturellt perspektiv, där begrepp som mediering, appropriering, scaffolding och proximala utvecklingszonen framhålls. Detta ger en förståelse för hur pedagogerna uppfattar drama och hur det kan stötta barns lärande osocialt samspel. Resultaten visar att spontan dramaundervisning förekommer, främst som ett verktyg för lärande, intresseväckande och gemenskap. Vidare framgår att resurser, tid, samsyn och pedagogernas självkänsla är avgörande för att drama ska kunna användas medvetet som pedagogiskt verktyg
The 2022 Drought Needs to be a Turning Point for European Drought Risk Management
No full textThe 2022 European drought has underscored critical deficiencies in European water management. This paper explores these shortcomings and suggests a way forward for European drought risk management. Data for this study was gathered through a continent-wide survey of water managers involved in this event. The survey collected 481 responses from 30 European countries and is comprised of 19 questions concerning sectorial impact in the regions of the responders and drought risk management practices of their organizations. Information from the survey is enriched with climate-related information to offer a comprehensive overview of drought risk management in Europe. Our research focuses on four key aspects: the increasing risk of drought, its spatial and temporal impacts, current drought risk management approaches, and the evolution of drought risk management across the continent. Our findings reveal a consensus on the growing risk of drought, which is confounded by the rising frequency and intensity of droughts. While the 2022 event affected most of the continent, our findings show significant regional disparities in drought risk management capacity among the various countries. Our analysis indicates that current drought risk management measures often rely on short-term operational concerns, particularly in agriculture-dominated economies, leading to potentially maladaptive practices. An overall positive trend in drought risk management, with organizations showing increased awareness and preparedness, indicates how this crisis can be the ideal moment to mainstream European-wide drought risk management. Consequently, we advocate for a European Drought Directive, to harmonize and enforce drought risk management policies across the continent. This directive should promote a systemic, integrated, and long-term risk management perspective. The directive should also set clear guidelines for drought risk management at the national level and for cross-boundary drought collaboration.This study and its companion paper "The 2022 Drought Shows the Importance of Preparedness in European Drought Risk Management" are the result of a study carried out by the Drought in the Anthropocene (DitA) network.</p
Pediatric oncology healthcare professionals’ attitudes to and awareness of regulations for minors’ and guardians’ online record access : A mixed-methods study in Sweden
No full textBackground Healthcare providers and policymakers worldwide differ in their provision of access to adolescentpatients’ electronic health records (EHR). The regulatory framework in Sweden restricting both guardians’ andadolescents’ online record access (ORA) has during recent years received criticism. The aim was to quantitativelyand qualitatively, explore attitudes about ORA and perceptions about ORA regulations among pediatric oncologyhealthcare professionals (HCPs) in Sweden. Methods A convergent mixed-methods design (QUAL, quan) was used, consisting of a survey study (N = 95) andsemi-structured individual interviews (N = 13). Physicians and nurses in pediatric oncology were recruited in clinicsface-to-face or via staff e-mail. Descriptive statistics were used to present quantitative survey results. Interviews wererecorded, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis. Results A majority of participants (72%) were critical of the access restrictions but lacked knowledge about accessextensions, with more than 60% unaware of application procedures. Five themes emerged regarding both perceivedbenefits and risks of ORA. Examples of benefits included adolescent empowerment, parental support, and improvedpartnership; risks included an increased emotional distress and confusion among young patients and their guardians,increased workload for HCPs, and threats to adolescent confidentiality. An additional five identified themes capturedHCPs’ views on regulations and included uncertainty, variation among adolescents, and the need to balance parentalsupport and adolescent privacy. Conclusions Findings indicate lacking knowledge about ORA regulations and little incentive for HCPs to promoteits use. While risks of ORA were often directly experienced and concerned confidentiality breaches and difficultieswith EHR documentation, benefits tended to be anticipatory and related to patient or parent experiences. Still, HCPsshowed limited support for ORA restrictions during adolescence. To ensure safe and effective ORA use, HCPs needclearer guidance and support.NORDeHEALT