Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Cephalhaematoma in Sweden, a Population-Based Register Study
No full textAim The primary aim was to investigate the incidence, birth characteristics, and timing of diagnosis of cephalhaematoma (CH). The secondary aim was to explore associations between CH and complications during the neonatal period and infancy. Methods This is a nationwide population-based register study of infants (< 12 months) born in Sweden from 1997 to 2018. Information was retrieved from health registers of the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Cases were infants with a diagnosis of birth-related CH. Results The study comprises 2930 infants with CH. The incidence was 2.2 per 1000 births and increased during the study period. Most CH cases had a spontaneous vaginal delivery. Risk factors were ventouse, born preterm, large-for-gestational age, and occiput posterior presentation. Two-thirds were diagnosed before 7 days of life. A delayed diagnosis during later infancy became more common from the year 2000. Newborn infants had an increased risk of jaundice (10%). CH was associated with hypoxic encephalopathy (2.5%), convulsions (3.5%), skull fractures (0.6%), intraventricular haemorrhage (0.2%), subdural haemorrhage (0.5%) and stroke (0.2%). Conclusion A substantial number of CH cases had a delayed diagnosis. A minority displayed symptoms of serious head trauma. CH was associated with intracranial haemorrhage
Evaluating Melanoma Risk in Adult Mastocytosis : Potential Impact of Detection Bias - A Registry-based Study (Sweden)
No full textThere is some evidence that mastocytosis patients are at increased risk of skin cancer. This study aimed to assess the risk of malignant melanoma (MM), melanoma in situ (Mis), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). A dataset was generated by individual-level record linkages between Swedish population registers including the National Patient Register (NPR), the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR), and the Population Register (PR). Adult patients with a mastocytosis diagnosis between 2001 and 2018 were identified in the SCR and NPR. For each case, 5 mastocytosis-free comparators matched on age, sex, and county of residence were randomly chosen from the PR. Records of skin cancer were identified in the SCR and NPR. In total, the study encompassed 2,040 mastocytosis patients of whom 63 had a record of MM/Mis and 168 a record of BCC. Compared with comparators, the risk of MM/Mis was more than twofold higher (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.8-3.2). Risk estimates for BCC were also elevated (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.49-2.14). When assessing the timing of skin cancers, a substantial portion were diagnosed near index date. Taken together, in the present study these findings of increased risk of MM/Mis and BCC in mastocytosis patients may reflect an influence of detection bias
Vaccine Knowledge and Awareness Among Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases : Results From a Nordic Survey
No full textA survey on vaccinations was conducted among patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs), including inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory rheumatological diseases, and dermatological diseases (DDs). The objective was to identify differences between established vaccination guidelines and actual practices in healthcare as experienced by patients. Among eligible responders (n = 1434), 57% were on immunomodulatory treatment, and 59% were treated in specialized care. The most recommended vaccines were COVID-19 (66%), influenza (63%), and pneumococcal (46%). Regarding common vaccination principles for patients with CID, 61% reported not receiving information on vaccinations before treatment initiation. Only 23% were advised to check their vaccination status before starting medications, and just 20% reported that their vaccination status is regularly assessed. Logistic regression revealed that the DD group was less likely, while patients over 65 years of age or on immunomodulatory treatment were more likely to be recommended and receive vaccinations. Ideally, all CID patients should be eligible for preventive immunization starting from the time of diagnosis. A targeted vaccination program with clear responsibilities across the healthcare system is strongly recommended
Marknadsföringskrig : En diskursanalys av Israels marknadsföringsstrategier och mediepåverkan
No full textEffects of mental health interventions given at youth-friendly health services and integrated youth services : a systematic review protocol
No full textIntroduction Although poor mental health among young people has been increasing in the past decades, many young people are reluctant to use traditional mental healthcare. To cater to the needs of young people, various youth-friendly treatment options have been developed. These include the youth-friendly health service (YFHS) standards put forth by the WHO in 2012 and the integrated youth services (IYS) for mental health developed in certain countries globally. However, no synthesis of the effect of these services on youth mental health has been conducted. The aim of the proposed study is to conduct a systematic review of the effect of mental health treatments conducted within YFHS and IYS clinics. The primary research question is what effect mental health interventions given at ‘youth-friendly’ clinics for treating mental health, such as IYS and YFHS, have on the mental health and quality of life (QoL) of young people? Methods and analysis A preliminary search for other reviews on the topic was conducted during the first half of 2024, after which a protocol of the present study was registered in PROSPERO. In May 2024, a search was carried out in the PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science databases, which gave references for 12 738 papers to be screened for inclusion in the review, and a follow-up search was carried out in April 2025, yielding a further 2182 references. For inclusion, studies must have participants between 12 and 25 years of age; interventions be given at clinics designed to be ‘youth-friendly’ or given at an IYS; control condition, if any, consisting of standard care or waiting list; outcomes must be mental health symptomology or QoL. To be included, studies must be published from 2012 and onwards. Screening of titles and abstracts in the initial search was carried out independently by two reviewers. Screening of studies found in the follow-up search and in the reference lists of included articles will be carried out in the same way. Data analysis of the initial search was conducted in the latter half of 2024, while final data analysis including the results from the follow-up search is ongoing. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tools will be used to assess bias of included articles, and certainty of the evidence will be evaluated according to the GRADE methodology. A meta-analysis of the results will be performed if a sufficient amount of homogenous data is found; otherwise, a synthesis without meta-analysis will be conducted. Ethics and dissemination The proposed review may form a valuable synthesis of the state of the art of treatment options catering to young people. Investigating the effectiveness of YFHS or IYS in treating young people’s mental health may inform future directions for development and research. The present study does not need ethical approval, since only previously published, ethically approved data are used in the current study. The findings of the study will be disseminated through submissions to peer-reviewed journals and international conferences, as well as disseminated within the Swedish YFHS community. PROSPERO registration details ID nr CRD42024528687
Manipulation of magnetic properties of 2D ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 by proximity with HfTe2 monolayer and Au thin film
No full textSpintronics is a rapidly growing field with promising applications such as in energy-efficient memory devices and quantum computing. One of the promising candidates for applications is Fe3GeTe2 (FGT), metallic van der Waals ferromagnet with tunable properties and a relatively high transition temperature. Previous studies have reported skyrmions or an increase in Curie temperature in FGT-based interfaces. However, the mechanisms of changes in the FGT layer are not yet clear. In this work, the proximity effects are investigated for bilayer FGT, FGT/HfTe2, and FGT/Au to understand how structural changes affect electronic properties, exchange interactions, and magnetic anisotropy. Using first-principles calculations, the study is mainly focused on the calculation of the Heisenberg exchange parameters and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Additionally, micromagnetic simulations are used to explore the formation of topological spin textures. Our findings show that FGT-substrate interactions can significantly modify magnetic properties, in particular inducing symmetry breaking and modifying magnetic anisotropy. The changes are more pronounced for the chemisorbed FGT/Au system with broken intralayer symmetry induced by structural distortion. These results provide insight into the properties of FGT-based heterostructures for designing novel spintronic materials
Sustainability Transformation : The Roles of Accounting Systems
No full textThis thesis aims to extend our understanding of the roles of accounting systems in a company’s sustainability transformation. Previous studies have examined the role of individual accounting systems and, in some cases, partial links between specific accounting systems in relation to sustainability transformation. However, these studies have neglected applying an integrated approach that links different motivations and accounting systems and examines their collective impact on a company’s sustainability transformation. Drawing on this point, the thesis provides a comprehensive integrated framework that links Management Control Systems (MCS), Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), and Sustainability Reporting (SR), and investigates how these accounting systems collectively influence a company’s sustainability transformation. Based on a qualitative case study of a Swedish mining company at the forefront of sustainability transformation in the mining industry, and drawing on empirical data collected from 72 interviews, secondary sources, and one observation, this thesis demonstrates the following findings. First, based on the summary of the empirical papers included in this thesis, it shows how the integration process between MCS, ERM, and SR can take place in practice and be explained based on different method theories, such as structural, relational, and cognitive resilience resources (Richtnér & Södergren, 2008), single- and double-loop learning (Argyris & Schön, 1978), and integration as a socio-technical process. This, in turn, contributes to the sustainability transformation of a company. Second, by adopting a holistic perspective, this thesis examines how integration processes across MCS, ERM, and SR can occur through interactions among key actors inside and outside the company, using various methods. It also shows that, in tandem with the company’s sustainability transformation, integration across the accounting systems is a long-term process, moving back and forth between siloed and integrated accounting systems. Despite the complexity of the integration process, the overall findings of this thesis show that, integrating accounting systems, namely MCS, ERM, and SR, play crucial roles in a company’s sustainability transformation by: 1) supporting sustainability strategy formulation, 2) supporting sustainability strategy implementation, and 3) supporting sustainability transparency and communication. The latter point creates feedback loop mechanisms from internal and external stakeholders, as well as from external auditors’ analyses and assessments, which, in turn, improve sustainability strategy formulation and implementation. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications, as they demonstrate why integration among various accounting systems is crucial for a company’s sustainability transformation and how the integration process occurs.
Mastering Proton Activities in Aqueous Batteries
No full textAdvanced aqueous batteries are promising solutions for grid energy storage. Compared with their organic counterparts, water-based electrolytes enable fast transport kinetics, high safety, low cost, and enhanced environmental sustainability. However, the presence of protons in the electrolyte, generated by the spontaneous ionization of water, may compete with the main charge-storage mechanism, trigger unwanted side reactions, and accelerate the deterioration of the cell performance. Therefore, it is of pivotal importance to understand and master the proton activities in aqueous batteries. This Perspective comments on the following scientific questions: Why are proton activities relevant? What are proton activities? What do we know about proton activities in aqueous batteries? How do we better understand, control, and utilize proton activities
Lärares arbete med extra anpassningar och särskilt stöd En enkät- och intervjustudie
No full textDenna studie fokuserar på lärares arbete med extra anpassningar och särskilt stöd i svenska, hur de identifierar behov, utvärderar insatserna samt resonerar kring detta arbete. Det var två insamlingsmetoder som användes, en digital enkät och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Både enkäten och intervjuerna riktade sig till verksamma lärare i årskurserna f-3. Studien utgick från tre av de specialpedagogiska perspektiven, det kategoriska perspektivet, det relationella perspektivet och dilemmaperspektivet. Materialet som samlades in analyserades med hjälp av metoderna deskriptiv analys för enkätsvaren och innehållsanalys för intervjusvaren och de öppna frågorna i enkäten. Innehållsanalysen hade de tre perspektiven som teman för analysen. Lärarna som deltog i studien använde sig både av individbaserade anpassningar så som egna arbetsuppgifter samt tydligare instruktioner och anpassningar som riktade sig mot alla så som hur de skriver på tavlan och miljön i klassrummet. Resultatet av denna studie var bland annat att brist på tid, resurser och samarbete hindrade arbetet med extra anpassningar och särskilt stöd. Detta bidrog till att implementering och utvärdering av insatserna försvårades. Resultatet visade även att arbetet med extra anpassningar och särskilt stöd bidrog till flera dilemman där lärare skulle förhålla sig mellan en inkluderande undervisning och samtidigt kunna möta alla elevers behov. De slutsatser som kunde dras var att strukturerade metoder och tydlighet inom ansvarsfördelningen är en lösning på de brister som lärarna uttryckte sig fanns inom arbetet med extra anpassningar och särskilt stöd
