Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Evaluation of a Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging : A case study of the monetary gain and peak load reduction of implementing a control strategy for electric vehicle charging at a parking facility
No full textThe purpose of this project is to quantitatively evaluate the monetary impact and peak-load reduction of a control strategy (CS) that was applied to an electric vehicle charging system at Uppsala Parkering AB:s parking facility Dansmästaren during a 6 week period. The aforementioned CS aims to reduce electricity costs through an algorithm that reduces power consumption in relation to the current energy cost (spot price) during the hours of 15-24. Ideally, this will shift energy consumption from peak-hours to off-peak hours, as well as alleviate pressure on the power grid by reducing the highest energy consumption spikes. To analyze the efficiency of the CS calculations are made, providing how many hours were successfully moved from peak load hours to off-peak load hours in the grid, and to what extent it has reduced peak loads for Dansmästaren during the active period. To achieve this, the hourly energy consumption data at Dansmästaren is analyzed and reconstructed based on the algorithm to identify the impact of the CS. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted, where the hours for which the CS is active, as well parameters for the battery system are modified - investigating how these changes impact the monetary profit and peak load reduction of the CS. The results ultimately show a successful reduction of 8.5% in user pattern dependent energy costs by implementing the CS during the examined period, but that the battery system was under-utilized due to peak-load reduction. Meanwhile, the CS was successful in reducing power consumption peaks by approximately 20%. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis suggests that by changing the active hours of the CS to the peak load hours 06-22, the quantity of power consumption shifted from peak- to off-peak hours could be increased - further reducing transmission fees; although, introducing a higher risk of negatively impacting the consumers due to impaired ability to fast charge electric vehicles during the time the CS is active. Furthermore, by changing parameters for the battery system and considering its technical specifications, it could have been utilized to a significantly greater extent when the CS was active, further reducing the power subscription fee resulting from peak energy consumption. In total, the sensitivity analysis resulted in a reduction of usage-dependent costs by 17.1% compared to the original CS with 8.5% cost reduction
Barn och föräldrars upplevelser av strategier för att lindra lidande i samband med nålrelaterade procedurer : Children's and parents' experience of strategies to relieve suffering associated with needle-related procedures
No full textBackground: Children and parents regularly seek medical care for various reasons, often involving children undergoing needle procedures. The needle procedures included in the study are: peripheral venous catheter insertion, needle insertion in subcutaneous venous port, vaccination, finger block, capillary and venous blood sampling. These procedures are often perceived as frightening and painful, which can lead to suffering in children. Aim: To describe the experiences of children and parents regarding strategies to alleviate suffering in connection with needle-related procedures. Method: Qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample. The theoretical framework used was the concept of "Suffering". Results: The content analysis resulted in seven categories: Positive to experience participation and self-determination, Significant with good approach, Helpful with distraction, Receiving information and having good preparation was positive, Individual- and age-adaptation was of great importance, Useful with pain relief and sedatives, The physical presence of parents was important. Conclusion: The experiences of children and parents undergoing a needle procedure in healthcare show that there are various strategies that are meaningful in reducing suffering in children. By applying strategies to alleviate suffering in children during needle procedures, future healthcare encounters for children can be optimized, as children are less likely to risk trauma from previous needle procedures in healthcare.
Designing for Nature: Exploring Scientific and Commercial Views on Integrating Biodiversity and Policy into Industrial-Scale Solar Energy Developments in Finland
No full textIndustrial-scale solar energy development is expanding rapidly in Finland, yet its ecological implications, particularly for biodiversity in boreal environments, remain poorly understood. This thesis examines the integration of biodiversity and ecological restoration into the planning and implementation of solar parks in Finland. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with solar developers and environmental experts, the research explores how different land types, peatlands, agricultural fields, forests, and wastelands shape both the environmental risks and opportunities of solar energy infrastructure. The findings reveal that peatlands and wastelands offer promising conditions for biodiversity enhancement when restoration practices are applied, while forests pose significant ecological challenges. Key strategies identified include adaptive vegetation management, integration of grazing and pollinator habitats, and site-specific restoration techniques such as sphagnum moss transplantation. However, inconsistent permitting practices and the absence of ecological incentives in the current policy framework limit the uptake of these strategies. The study concludes that aligning solar energy development with biodiversity goals requires standardized permitting processes, ecological compensation mechanisms, and clearer national guidelines
Att möta språkliga krav i utbildning och yrkesliv : En textanalys av litteracitetsförväntningar i Svenska som andraspråk 1, Omvårdnad 2 och GERS B2
No full textSyftet med studien var att undersöka de språkliga krav som utbildningen ställer på vuxna andraspråkselever i vård- och omsorgsutbildningen på komvux samt att jämföra dessa krav med de språkkrav som Socialstyrelsen ställer på undersköterskor i äldreomsorgen enligt den gemensamma europeiska referensramen för språk (GERS). Med en kvalitativ ansats har textmaterial i form av ämnesplaner för svenska som andraspråk 1 och omvårdnad 2 samt prov och elevlösningar från två olika skolor analyserats för att besvara forskningsfrågor om litteracitetsförväntningar kopplade till läs- och skrivförmåga, samt om vilka krav som kan skapa utmaningar för den heterogena elevgruppen. Studien bygger på en förståelse av litteracitet som innefattar både ett sociokulturellt och ett kognitivt perspektiv. Ämnesplanerna i svenska som andraspråk 1 och omvårdnad 2 analyserades med hjälp av tematisk textanalys för att jämföra förväntningarna med Socialstyrelsens språkkrav inom äldreomsorgen enligt GERS B2. Funktionell textanalys användes för att undersöka de krav som formuleras i det nationella provet i svenska som andraspråk 1, ett lokalt prov i omvårdnad 2 samt i elevlösningar. Studiens resultat visade på varierande krav på elevernas litteracitet mellan svenska som andraspråk 1, som var inriktad på en skolspecifik litteracitet med förväntningar på läsning av längre texter i olika genrer och skrivande av texter som kombinerar flera textaktiviteter, och omvårdnad 2, som i stället var orienterad mot den professionella domänen. Vidare visade analysen att litteracitetsförväntningarna uttrycktes olika tydligt i de tre kontexterna: i svenska som andraspråk 1 och GERS B2 var kraven mer explicit formulerade, medan de i omvårdnad 2 ofta uttrycktes mer implicit. Omvårdnad 2 skilde sig också från de övriga kontexterna genom sitt fokus på ämnesspecifik kunskap. Analysen av elevlösningarna visade att vuxna andraspråkselever på vård- och omsorgsutbildningen på komvux kan befinna sig i språklig sårbarhet när deras språkkunskaper inte matchar de högt ställda kraven
Assessing Community-Based Mangrove Conservation : Lessons and Insights from Local Stakeholders in the Municipality of San Enrique, Negros Occidental, Philippines
No full textMangrove ecosystems provide vital ecological, socio-economic, and cultural services but are increasingly threatened by both natural and human-induced pressures. In the Philippines, over 50% of mangrove forests had been lost by 2000, largely due to aquaculture expansion, urbanization, land conversion, and climate change. This degradation weakens coastal resilience, exacerbating vulnerability to storm surges, flooding, erosion, biodiversity loss, and fisheries decline. Community-based mangrove conservation (CBMC) has emerged as a key strategy to address these challenges and support sustainable mangrove management. This study examines the effectiveness of CBMC strategies in San Enrique, a coastal municipality within the Ramsar-listed Negros Occidental Coastal Wetlands Conservation Area (NOCWCA), where mangrove conservation efforts are ongoing amid rising ecological, socio-economic, and governance challenges. Using qualitative methods, including interviews and policy analysis, the research explores stakeholder perspectives, key policies, and the local management plan. It identifies core strategies, challenges, and governance mechanisms shaping conservation outcomes and assesses how these efforts address ecological and socio-political issues. Findings highlight a combination of strategies: mangrove reforestation, capacity building, sustainable livelihoods, community-based law enforcement, participatory governance, biodiversity research, and local knowledge integration—all supported by multistakeholder collaboration. However, significant challenges remain, pointing to the need for adaptive, resilience-oriented frameworks that can navigate complexity and change. The role of the Negros Occidental Coastal Wetlands Management Alliance (NOCWAMA) is especially critical in strengthening long-term capacity and resilience by situating San Enrique within a broader ecological and governance framework. Additionally, policy and plan analysis show strong alignment with Sayer et al.’s (2013) Landscape Approach, integrating conservation, development, and social objectives. The effectiveness of these frameworks depends on inclusive decision-making, the active representation of People’s Organizations (POs), and the ability to address competing land-use demands. Overall, San Enrique’s CBMC demonstrates effectiveness through integrated strategies that balance ecosystem protection with livelihood needs. The findings reinforce broader research emphasizing cross -sectoral collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches to sustainability. Strengthening PO engagement, expanding alternative livelihoods, and integrating traditional knowledge are key to advancing inclusive, adaptive conservation. Future research should explore other CBMC models, assess blue carbon potential, evaluate human impacts, and quantify ecosystem services to further enhance evidence-based, community-led mangrove conservatio
Utilizing gentamicin concentrations to estimate glomerular filtration rate in intensive care unit patients
No full textEstimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine (eGFRCreatinine) or cystatin C (eGFRCystatinC) require steady-state conditions and thus have limitations in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Gentamicin is a potential exogenous marker for eGFR but poorly investigated. This retrospective study included adult ICU patients (≥ 18 years) treated with gentamicin and not on renal replacement therapy (RRT) at admission. eGFRCreatinine and eGFRCystatinC were calculated using the LM-rev and CAPA equations, respectively. Gentamicin clearance was estimated using a population pharmacokinetic model and used as eGFRGentamicin. Agreement between eGFRs vs. eGFRGentamicin and prediction of RRT and mortality for each eGFR were assessed. 254 patients were included of whom 11% (n = 28) received RRT later and 19% (n = 49) were dead at 30 days. The bias was 12 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 8 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, and the limits of agreement - 31-55 mL/min/1.73m2 and - 46-62 mL/min/1.73m2 for the agreement between eGFRGentamicin vs. eGFRCreatinine, and for eGFRGentamicin vs. eGFRCystatinC, respectively. The c-indexes for predicting RRT during ICU stay were 0.75 (0.64-0.86), 0.77 (0.66-0.88) and 0.80 (0.69-0.90) for eGFRCreatinine, eGFRCystatinC and eGFRGentamicin respectively, and for 30-day mortality 0.61 (0.52-0.70), 0.61 (0.52-0.70) and 0.63 (0.54-0.72) respectively. In ICU patients already receiving gentamicin, eGFRGentamicin derived from population PK models can be used to assess renal function and could potentially help improve dosing of other renally cleared drugs like the β-lactams during early phase of infections in the ICU
Are adolescent males or females more proficient self-raters of symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?
No full textOBJECTIVES: The current study examined the relation between self-rated and parent- and clinician-rated symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), by estimating rater agreement and rater differences, and whether these differed between the sexes. METHOD: The sample included N = 159 adolescents with ADHD aged 15-18 years (Mage = 16.59 years, SD = .92) of which n = 58 (36.5 %) were males. Symptoms were assessed using self- and parent-ratings with the adult ADHD Self-Report Scale for Adolescents, whereas clinicians rated symptoms using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents conducted with the adolescents and their parent. We used intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) to assess rater agreement and t-tests to assess differences. RESULTS: Males rated fewer symptoms compared to their parents and clinicians, whereas females' self-ratings did not differ from parent and clinician ratings. Relatedly, females were in higher agreement with parents and clinicians compared to males. Females had a higher symptom severity than males in self-ratings and clinician-ratings, but not in parent-ratings. Adolescents were in higher agreement with clinicians than parents. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that adolescent males with ADHD may underestimate their symptoms whereas females may have more insight into their symptoms when compared to other raters. Adolescents are important raters of their own ADHD symptoms and their perspectives need to be taken into account in diagnostic assessments
FRAMING VICTIMHOOD: EMOTIONAL NARRATIVES AND STATE RESPONSES IN MEXICAN VICTIMS’ MOBILIZATION
No full textThis thesis investigates the relationship between the emotional framing strategies of victims’ movements and state responses. While there is consensus in the literature that frames are important in determining the trajectories and outcomes of social movements, the emotional dimension is often overlooked. This is especially notable in the case of victims’ movements, where emotional framing holds particular importance. Additionally, victims’ movements as a category are generally understudied. The argument in this thesis is that victims’ movements who frame themselves as morally legitimate, blameless, and agentic survivors are more likely to receive concessions from the state. This is because they will be more likely to gain public support, influencing the political costs associated with repression or neglect. The hypothesis is tested through a structured-focused comparison of two victims’ movements in Mexico. Emotional framing is analyzed along two dimensions: perceived agency and social evaluation. The empirical analysis lends moderate support to the hypothesis since one movement was framed as having much higher agency and seems to have been more positively evaluated than the other – and received a more favorable response from the state. Nonetheless, the analysis also points to other potentially significant explanatory factors that merit further investigation
Bottom-up peacebuilding in Action: Institutionalization of Indigenous Conflict Resolution Mechanisms
No full textDespite the continued importance of Indigenous Conflict Resolution (ICR) mechanisms in resolving communal conflicts within societies across Africa, their formal integration, hence institutionalization by African governments, is largely uneven. This study examines conditions under which some governments integrate ICR mechanisms into their legal and policy frameworks while others do not, using high-stakes communal conflict as the primary explanatory variable to explain variations in institutionalization. Guided by hybrid governance and post-colonial state formation theories, it argues that governments are more likely to institutionalize ICR mechanisms when escalating communal conflicts threaten national security and state control over valuable economic assets. It employs a structured, focused comparison of four cases exhibiting divergent governance structures: Judiyya (Sudan), Gadaa (Ethiopia), Gacaca (Rwanda), and the Ateker Initiative (Karamoja Cluster). Findings reveal partial support, showing that whereas conflict stakes bear significance, institutionalization is mediated by governance structures, external support, and colonial legacies. Gacaca’s full institutionalization differs from Judiyya’s marginalization and Gadaa’s symbolic recognition. It concludes that ICR institutionalization is best accounted for by a multifaceted intersection of these factors. Future research should explore these interaction effects while designing specific operational indicators capable of evaluating ICR Integration within hybrid governance structures
On the Right Track: Local Stakeholder Perceptions of Trail Management Challenges and Opportunities in Gotland, Sweden
No full textThis study investigates stakeholder perceptions of trail management in Gotland, Sweden, aiming to identify challenges and opportunities within the island’s trail network. Drawing on trail management literature and stakeholder theory, it applies qualitative methods by conducting ten semi-structured interviews with stakeholders representing public agencies, trail managers, tourism businesses, and local communities. Five themes emerged: trail infrastructure and accessibility, volunteer-driven maintenance and stewardship, environmental impact and monitoring, marketing and visibility, and stakeholder coordination. Findings highlight significant progress in trail infrastructure and stakeholder communication; however, persistent challenges include fragmented governance, insufficient accessibility, inconsistent marketing, and inadequate environmental monitoring. Although volunteer-based stewardship is valuable, reliance on informal systems risks long-term sustainability. The absence of a permanent Trail Coordinator and a Destination Management Organization further complicates strategic planning and stakeholder integration. The study offers recommendations for strengthening governance structures, formalizing volunteer roles, improving marketing strategies, and introducing adaptive environmental monitoring, providing context-specific insights for Gotland and similar rural or peripheral destinations