Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Unraveling pH and ion effects on spidroin self-assembly using mass photometry and mass spectrometry
No full textSpider silk is a biomaterial that has vast industrial applications. Studies have been made with synthetic variants of the spider silk protein, owing to the complex nature of the native silk protein (Spidroin). These synthetic variants, called mini-spidroins, have been reported to mimic the native spider silk to a great extent. The mechanism behind how the spider stores a super-concentrated spidroin dope (≈ 30 – 50% weight/volume) in its silk sac is still a mystery, as is the combined effect of variables behind the rapid silk formation. In our study, we focus on studying the role of liquid-liquid phase separation in the transition of spidroins from the dope solution seen in ampulla, to silk, while mediating the assembly via pH and ion changes (K+ to Na+) using Mass Photometry and Mass Spectrometry. Our study shows assembly linked to the pH drop from 8 to 5 but also revealed that the polymer assembly can be disrupted beyond a certain salt concentration, regardless of the salt composition.
How are IT security incidents handled when using digital medical record systems in Swedish healthcare, and what potential measures can improve the incident management process?
No full textDigitala journalsystem utgör en kritisk infrastruktur inom svensk hälso- och sjukvård, men medför samtidigt en ökad exponering för IT-säkerhetsincidenter. Denna studie undersöker hur IT-säkerhetsincidenter hanteras vid användning av digitala journalsystem, med fokus på incidenthanteringsprocessens struktur, tillämpning och förbättringspotential. Genom en kvalitativ forskningsansats baserad på semistrukturerade intervjuer med IT-ansvariga i olika regioner, identifieras både styrkor och brister i den nuvarande incidenthanteringen. Resultatet visar att incidenthantering vanligtvis följer en linjär incidenthanteringsprocess som tillämpas agilt, vilket möjliggör effektiv anpassning till cyberattacker. Vidare identifierades fyra förbättringsområden. Dessa inkluderar systematiskt lärande från incidenter, förbättrad kommunikation, hantering av tekniska sårbarheter samt behovet av stärkt användarmedvetenhet. Studien syftar till att konkretisera utmaningar och möjligheter i dagens incidenthanteringsprocess inom svensk hälso- och sjukvård. Studien ger vägledning för beslutsfattare och IT-ansvariga i arbetet med att förbättra cybersäkerheten, stärka skyddet av patientdata, och förbättra organisatoriska beredskapen mot framtida cyberhot.Digital medical record systems constitute a critical infrastructure in Swedish healthcare, but at the same time entail an increased exposure to IT security incidents. This study examines how IT security incidents are handled when using digital medical record systems, with a focus on the structure, application and improvement potential of the incident management process. Through a qualitative research approach based on semi-structured interviews with IT managers in different regions, both strengths and shortcomings in the current incident management are identified. The results show that incident response typically follows a linear incident response process that is applied in an agile manner, allowing for effective adaptation to cyberattacks. Furthermore, four areas for improvement were identified. These include systematic learning from incidents, improved communication, management of technical vulnerabilities and the need for strengthened user awareness. The study aims to concretize challenges and opportunities in today's incident management process in Swedish healthcare. The study provides guidance for policymakers and IT managers in improving cybersecurity, strengthening the protection of patient data, and improving organizational preparedness against future cyber threats
Challenges to Circular Construction : A case study of the barriers limiting recycled excavated materials usage on Gotland, Sweden
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MULTI-CRITERIA EVALUATION OF IRISH OFFSHORE WIND PROJECTS: AN APPLICATION OF THE PROMETHEE II METHOD
No full textIreland has ambitious targets for offshore fixed wind energy, aiming for 5 GW by 2030, while its current operational capacity is merely 25 MW. The first Offshore Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (ORESS 1) auction in 2023 awarded contracts to four projects, representing a major step towards Ireland's renewable goals. A successful wind farm needs to balance diverse interests while aligning with the permitting factors considered by the independent permitting authority. Thus, this study analyzes this context by applying the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to comparatively assess these four awarded offshore wind projects based on key criteria and ultimately identify the optimal project that balances diverse stakeholder interests. To conduct the assessment, the study utilizes the PROMETHEE II method to evaluate the four projects against nine criteria covering technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects. The analysis incorporates the perspectives of five key stakeholder groups with criteria weighting based on reasoned assumptions due to time frame limitations. As for the data collection, it is sourced from project planning applications, Environmental Impact Assessments, and public spatial data analyzed through QGIS. An outranking of the awarded projects will be provided, with their relative strengths and weaknesses in critical dimensions. The results will highlight key evaluation criteria and the critical trade-offs inherent in the Irish context. Through this process, it aims to support informed understanding and decision-making regarding the complexities faced by auction-awarded wind farms entering the final planning stages. The uncertainty of this critical phase was demonstrated by the recent withdrawal of one of the awarded projects
When Environment and Interface Meet: How Industrial Lab Environment Affects Interaction with Lab Technology
No full textWhile user experience is often considered in interface design, the specific impact of lab environments on interaction with technology is not well understood. This study explores how the environment of industrial labs in the life science industry affects users when they interact with a lab instrument and its small graphical user interface (GUI). It aims to answer the research question: How does the industrial lab environment in the life science industry affect expert users’ interaction with a small GUI on a lab instrument? The research focuses on expert users who are familiar with the instruments. Using a qualitative approach, the research combines observations with think-aloud and semi-structured interviews to understand how the lab environment may influence the interaction. Thematic analysis is used to identify themes in the collected data. Results show several factors in the lab environment that can negatively affect users’ interaction with a lab instrument. Four themes were found: noise, light, space, and temperature and humidity. The findings also show how the interaction is not only affected by lab environmental factors alone, but also by factors created by the technology itself which is integrated in that environment, along with factors emerging from the environment and the instrument together, as they shape interaction in their relationship with each other. The findings provide new insights for designing user-friendly interfaces for technologies in labs that better support expert users in complex lab environments.
Operationssjuksköterskans erfarenheter av risker och utmaningar vid positionering inför kirurgi
No full textSpatial variability of forest floor carbon flux in drained peatlands
No full textPeatlands are important ecosystems for carbon storage and sequestration. Currently, these ecosystems are at risk because of climate change and anthropogenic activities such as drainage, which can shift them from being a carbon sink to a source. Understanding variation in carbon fluxes in peatlands is essential to predict whether they will continue as a carbon sink or act as a source. In this study, my aim was to quantify and understand the spatial variation of forest floor carbon flux (CO₂ and CH₄) in drained peatlands. I used chamber measurements in dark and light conditions across 10 different sites in southern Sweden. In total, 900 locations were sampled at one time point, and at each location I measured abiotic factors such as temperature, light and moisture, and biotic factors like percentage cover of sedges, dwarf shrubs, mosses, and Sphagnum, I identified how different environmental and vegetation factors influence instant carbon flux in these ecosystems. My results show that all the fluxes (NEE, ER, GPP and CH₄) have higher variability within sites than across sites. Also, CO₂ flux is mainly driven by temperature and vascular plants, while CH₄ flux varies depending on soil moisture and vegetation composition. Sphagnum and sedges were associated with higher CH₄ emissions, while the cover of non-Sphagnum moss had the opposite effect. In conclusion, this study highlights the strong spatial variability of carbon fluxes in drained peatlands and improves our understanding of carbon dynamics in these ecosystems by emphasizing on the role of temperature, soil moisture, and vegetation composition in CO₂ and CH₄ flux.
Finite Element-Based GeneratorDesign Using ANSYS Maxwell 2D
No full textGenerators have diverse applications for energy harvesting; in this thesis, the focus is on designing a generator to harvest energy from marine currents. Marine currents offer a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional hydroelectricity methods by enabling simpler integration without the need for dams and other structures that negatively impact local ecosystems. This work builds upon previous research conducted at Uppsala University, where an experimental generator has been developed and deployed in Söderfors, and a smaller design intended for the same location is currently being prepared in the Ångström laboratory. The simulations in this thesis are performed using ANSYS Electronics, a finite element-based software specialized in magnetic field analysis. The generator model was created from scratch using the Maxwell 2D design tools within ANSYS. The simulation results are encouraging and provide a solid foundation for further development of larger-scale versions of the Söderfors marine current generator
Det roliga prekariatet : En studie om arbete på Uppsalas studentnationer
No full textTrots att studentnationerna i Uppsala ofta framhålls som sociala mötesplatser och kulturbärare inom studentlivet fungerar de också som arbetsplatser där arbetsvillkoren präglas av låg lön, oklara ansvarsstrukturer och avsaknad av kollektivavtal. För många studenter, inte minst internationella, utgör dessa arbeten en av få tillgängliga vägar till inkomst och social gemenskap. Det väcker frågor om vad som motiverar studenter att arbeta inom en verksamhet där den ekonomiska ersättningen är låg och villkoren oreglerade. Denna uppsats undersöker vad som motiverar studenter vid Uppsala universitet att engagera sig vid stadens studentnationer, trots låg ekonomisk ersättning och oklara arbetsvillkor, samt hur dessa upplever och hanterar arbetet. Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i teorier om självbestämmandeteorin (Deci & Ryan, 2000), behovstrappan (Maslow, 1987) och prekariatet (Standing, 2011) vilka möjliggör en tolkning av hur social tillhörighet, inre motivation och ekonomisk osäkerhet, samverkar i informanternas erfarenheter. Det empiriska materialet består av kvalitativa, semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio studenter som arbetar på nation, vilka har analyserats genom systematisk tematisk kodning. Resultatet visar att arbetet på nationerna upplevs som dubbelt: dels som ett nödvändigt arbete i en prekär vardag, särskilt för internationella studenter med begränsad tillgång till andra jobb, dels som en meningsfull arena för gemenskap, identitetsskapande och personlig utveckling. Många återvänder till arbetet trots belastande villkor, vilket förstås i ljuset av upplevd autonomi och känslan av att vara del av ett socialt sammanhang. Analysen visar att prekära arbetsvillkor inte nödvändigtvis utesluter upplevelser av motivation och mening, utan att dessa ofta samexisterar i miljöer där gränsen mellan arbete och fritid är flytande. Uppsatsen bidrar med kunskap om studenters arbetslivserfarenheter i gränslandet mellan ideellt engagemang och lönearbete, och synliggör hur prekariatet kan framträda i sammanhang som präglas av stark frivillighetskultur och social gemenskap. Resultaten aktualiserar behovet av att problematisera arbetsvillkor i studentnära miljöer som ofta hamnar utanför arbetslivsforskningen