Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Mobilizing Sexual Violence : A Comparative Case Study into the Relationship Between Foreign Fighter Mobilization Patterns and Rebel Group Use of CRSV
No full textThis thesis explores the relationship between rebel groups' mobilization of foreign fighters and their use of conflict-related sexual violence. Using ethnicity and geographical proximity as proxy measurements, the thesis argues that differences in the level of social embeddedness of foreign fighters affect levels of CRSV, as it becomes a strategy for inducing cooperation among the civilian population. Using a qualitative method the thesis explores the groups FDLR in the DRC, and RUF in Sierra Leone. The findings from this study lend insight into how the levels of conflict-related sexual violence displayed by different armed groups may vary depending on group-specific attributes. As such, this study suggests that rebel groups who recruit or mobilize foreign fighters with a more diverse ethnic and geographical spread should be a prioritized area of concern within the international community.
Artificiell intelligens inom revisorsyrket: Potential och utmaningar : En studie om AI:s prestation på det svenska revisionsprovet och dess framtida betydelse
No full textSyftet med uppsatsen har varit att undersöka i vilken utsträckning som artificiell intelligens (AI) kan tänkas förändra revisionsyrket i framtiden genom att testa dess prestation på det svenska revisionsprovet, samt analysera vilka möjligheter och hinder som kan tänkas uppstå vid en implementering. Studien kombinerar en kvalitativ studie – där fyra olika intervjuer har genomförts med forskare inom företagsekonomi och AI, med en kvantitativ studie där en egenutvecklad AI-agent har genomfört tre olika prov. Resultaten från studien visar att den egenbyggda AI-agenten har presterat ett godkänt resultat på samtliga prov och överträffat det genomsnittliga resultatet som de mänskliga revisorerna presterade under samma år. Analysen visar att AI presterar goda resultat på uppgifter som präglas av ett repetitivt arbetssätt, men att den mänskliga förmågan att genomföra bedömningar fortfarande kommer vara viktig. Slutsatsen med studien är att AI har potential att fungera som ett komplement till revisorn och att rätt kompetens tillsammans med efterföljande av juridiska regelverk blir viktigt i framtiden.
Liposomal Formulation of Hydroxychloroquine Can Inhibit Autophagy In Vivo
No full textBackground/Objectives: Preclinical studies have shown that the anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) improves the anti-cancer effects of various therapeutic agents by impairing autophagy. These findings are difficult to translate in vivo as reaching an effective HCQ concentration at the tumor site for extended times is challenging. Previously, we found that free HCQ in combination with gefitinib (Iressa((R)), ZD1839) significantly reduced tumor volume in immunocompromised mice bearing gefitinib-resistant JIMT-1 breast cancer xenografts. Here, we sought to evaluate whether a liposomal formulation of HCQ could effectively modulate autophagy in vivo and augment treatment outcomes in the same tumor model. Methods: We developed two liposomal formulations of HCQ: a pH-loaded formulation and a formulation based on copper complexation. The pharmacokinetics of each formulation was evaluated in CD1 mice following intravenous administration. An efficacy study was performed in immunocompromised mice bearing established JIMT-1tumors. Autophagy markers in tumor tissue harvested after four weeks of treatment were assessed by Western blot. Results: The liposomal formulations engendered similar to 850-fold increases in total drug exposure over time relative to the free drug. Both liposomal and free HCQ in combination with gefitinib provided comparable therapeutic benefits (p > 0.05). An analysis of JIMT-1 tumor tissue indicated that the liposomal HCQ and gefitinib combination augmented the inhibition of autophagy in vivo compared to the free HCQ and gefitinib combination as demonstrated by increased LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1 (p62) protein levels. Conclusions: The results suggest that liposomal HCQ has a greater potential to modulate autophagy in vivo compared to free HCQ; however, this did not translate to better therapeutic effects when used in combination with gefitinib to treat a gefitinib-resistant tumor model
Popstjärnan Taylor Swift eller privatekonomen Anders? : En jämförande studie av traditionella bankers och neobankers kommunikation på Instagram
No full textThis study examines differences in how two traditional banks – Swedbank and Nordea - and two neobanks – Revolut and Wise – communicate financial information on Instagram, focusing on strategies to engage young adults on their accounts. The research problem arises from increasing debt levels among Swedish youths, coupled with their low financial literacy and heavy reliance on social media for information. The study utilizes a comparative qualitative content analysis of Instagram posts to identify differences in communication strategies and their alignment with organizational identity. The theoretical framework integrates Uses and Gratifications Theory to explore how banks address different needs and Financial Literacy Framework to assess the potential of their communication to improve economic understanding. Findings reveal that traditional banks emphasize stability and long-term trust, while neobanks adopt a more innovative and informal tone to resonate with younger demographics. Posts from both types of banks vary significantly in their use of humor, interactivity, and educational content. The study concludes that tailored communication strategies can play a crucial role in enhancing financial literacy and societal awareness, but further effort is required to maximize engagement and educational impact. The findings contribute to the fields of strategic communication and financial education and hold practical implications for how financial institutions can address such societal challenge through social media
A descriptive analysis of a medical humanitarian aid initiative for quality perinatal management in war-torn Ukraine
No full textBackground: Russian's invasion of Ukraine has seriously disrupted perinatal care. In a humanitarian initiative, emergency obstetric and neonatal equipment and drugs were provided by Maternal and Childhealth Advocacy International and distributed by Ukrainian partners to a selected 61 maternity hospitals throughout Ukraine. The programme included engaging mothers in labour to undertake fetal heart rate monitoring using a battery operated, portable, doppler ultrasound probe. This paper describes some characteristics of participants and analyses differences in fetal distress management and maternal / neonatal outcomes following different approaches to fetal health surveillance. Methods: Data from 28,808 births were collected in specially developed database which contained information on maternal characteristics, course of pregnancy and childbirth, maternal and neonatal outcomes and donated drugs and equipment used. After informed consent, mothers (n = 13735) who agreed to use in labour fetal self-monitoring in addition to standard intrapartum fetal health surveillance, monitored and recorded fetal heart rate changes on a "contraction-by-contraction" basis into a special form. Data on maternal experience with self-monitoring were collected. Cases where fetal heart rate changes were identified (n = 1434) were extracted and analysed for differences in case management and maternal and neonatal outcomes in different approaches: joint monitoring (mother plus staff, n = 901) vs. staff only monitoring (n = 533) and different actors in case of joint monitoring (mothers, n = 512, vs. staff, n = 389). Results: Vacuum assisted delivery was utilised in only < 2% cases. Caesarean section rate was 27%. Mothers reported their experience with self-monitoring as great or good in 79%. Preterm deliveries were less frequent where fetal monitoring was provided by both staff and mothers jointly. In the staff plus mother group, more often lateral tilt, intravenous fluid, spontaneous vaginal and vacuum assisted delivery and less often caesarean sections were undertaken even when fetal distress alone was an indication for operative delivery at term pregnancy. Conclusion: Involvement of women may help to make delivery safer for mothers as complications may be recognized earlier and appropriately treated. Overall, the data shows that despite the full-scale war in Ukraine, it remained possible for high quality perinatal health care to continue
Organisatoriska följder och förutsättningar för könsorienterad mångfaldsrekrytering inom dataspelsutveckling
No full textForskning har visat att en hög grad av mångfald på arbetsplatsen inte bara lockar till sig yngreoch högpresterande personer, utan att det dessutom leder till bättre kund- ochmedarbetarnöjdhet samt finansiella resultat. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hurmångfaldsrekrytering kan implementeras för att skapa en större könsmångfald inomdataspelsbranschen, samtidigt som de negativa följderna minimeras. För att besvarafrågeställningen har en kvalitativ undersökning genomförts där nio chefer och anställda harintervjuats för att skapa en uppfattning om hur kön som en faktor i rekrytering kan bidra tillökad mångfald inom organisationer.Studien visar att mångfaldsrekrytering kan vara effektiv, men att hjälpmedel behövs för attövervinna de utmaningar som metoden medför, såsom segregation mellan yrkesgrupper,tokenism och stigma. För att undvika de negativa följderna av könsorienteradmångfaldsrekrytering föreslås samarbete och fysisk närhet mellan olika yrkesgrupper, samtuppmärksammande av kandidaternas meriter och värdet de medför i form av ökad mångfald
Targeting mutant p53 : Evaluation of novel anti-p53R175H monoclonal antibodies as diagnostic tools
No full textAbout 50% of all cancers carry a mutation in p53 that impairs its tumor suppressor function. The p53 missense mutation p53R175H (p53R172H in mice) is a hotspot mutation in various cancer types. Therefore, monoclonal antibodies selectively targeting clinically relevant mutations like p53R175H could prove immensely value. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo binding properties of two novel anti-p53R175H monoclonal antibodies and to assess their performance as agents for molecular imaging. In vitro, 125I-4H5 and 125I-7B9 demonstrated long shelf life and antigen-specific binding. Our in vivo study design allowed head-to-head comparison of the antibodies in a double tumor model using repeated SPECT/CT imaging, followed by biodistribution and autoradiography. Both tracers performed similarly, with marginally faster blood clearance for 125I-7B9. Repeated molecular imaging demonstrated suitable imaging characteristics for both antibodies, with the best contrast images occurring at 48 h post-injection. Significantly higher uptake was detected in the mut-p53-expressing tumors, confirmed by ex vivo autoradiography. We conclude that molecular imaging with an anti-p53R175H tracer could be a promising approach for cancer diagnostics and could be further applied for patient stratification and treatment response monitoring of mutant p53-targeted therapeutics
Protocol to Support Skin-to-Skin Care and Closeness Between Parents and Neonates in the NICU
No full textSkin-to-skin care (SSC) is essential, can help to prevent separation of parents and the neonate in the NICU, and should be a standard practice. It can safely be integrated into the routine care of preterm neonates, those who require surgery, and those who require all levels of intensive care. Years of experience with the provision of SSC in our NICU influenced our approach to care and resulted in practice guidelines for the safe provision of SSC. In this article, we present our clinical practical guidelines that support SSC and closeness between parents and the neonate to ensure the use of these practices for all neonates in the NICU