Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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A Morphosyntactic Parsing Pipeline for Swedish
No full textBy adopting a different structure in dependency treebanks that focuses on content words the comparability between structurally different languages can improve. The 1st UniDive Shared Task on Morphosyntactic Parsing proposes to use a new representation of morphosyntactic structure for this purpose. The suggested representation contains only content words as nodes in the tree, with function words appearing as features. UniDive has made available Swedish training and evaluation data for the purpose of building a parser that outputs analyses of sentences in the new representation. The approach used in this thesis to produce data according to new representation is to use a hybrid-model, where a neural-based dependency parser is used in conjunction with a rule-based converter program that adjusts the parser output to a data structure that fulfills the purpose. Various programs written by me are used in this thesis in order to complete the pipeline including the evaluation. They are: a converter program, a program for collecting the tokenized sentences in preparation for the parser, a Stanza dependency parser caller program, two evaluations programs and a program for “sewing” together sentences that have been split by the dependency parser (Stanza). The converter processes output from the dependency parser, modifying morphosyntactic features by adding, moving, or removing them. It also identifies function words. As a rule-based system, its rules are derived from an analysis of the training data provided by, in part, the UniDive shared task organisers. The pipeline is evaluated according to the measurements defined by UniDive, which is F1 (the harmonic mean of precision and recall) for the morphosyntactic features and LAS (labelled attachment score) for the dependency arcs. The system achieves an F1-score of 96.4% and a LAS of 84.0%. Experiments are also made to see what effect the converter has on the parser and vice versa. Additionally, each rule that the converter uses is evaluated in turn to gain insight of what rules can be considered important to achieve high scores. Lessons learned from the work are summarized and suggestions to improve on the pipeline is made in the last chapters
En Glasklar investering? : Konstglas som investeringsobjekt
No full textUppsatsens huvudsyfte är att utreda konstens roll som investering och huruvida konstglas kan fungera i detta syfte. Detta genomförs genom att utforska investeringars funktion, konstmarknaden och glasets värdeutveckling. Frågeställningarna som använts är: Vilka risker är förknippade med investering i konst jämfört med traditionella investeringar? Hur har priset på svenskt konstglas utvecklats på andrahandsmarknaden från 1917 till 2025? I vilken utsträckning kan svenskt konstglas betraktas som ett ekonomiskt investeringsobjekt baserat på avkastning och värdeutveckling? Underlaget som används för att besvara ovanstående frågor är intervjuer med tre olika experter inom glashistoria och auktion. Litteraturen som används har bestått av uppsatser och böcker skrivna inom ekonomi, glashistoria och konsthistoria och prisdatan i uppsatsen grundar sig i uppgifter från auktionskataloger och online auktioner. Uppsatsen kommer fram till att konstglas kan betraktas som ett investeringsobjekt baserat på avkastning och värdeutveckling men att det förekommer unika risker vid investering i konstglas. Och även att konstglasets värdeutvecklingar har varit positiv över tid men har svängt både upp och ned under perioden 1917–2025.The main purpose of this essay is to investigate the role of art as an investment and whether art glass can function for this purpose. This is carried out by exploring the functions of investments, the art market and the value development of glass. The questions used to investigate this are: What risks are associated with investing in art compared to traditional investments? How has the price of Swedish art glass developed on the secondary market from 1917 to 2025? To what extent can Swedish art glass be considered an economic investment object based on return and value development? The basis used to answer the above questions are interviews with three experts in glasshistory and auctions. The literature used consists of essays and books written in economics, glass history and art history and the basis for the price data comes from auction catalogues and online auctions. The conclusion that this essay presents is that art glass can be considered an investment object based on return and value development but that there are unique risks associated with this type of investment as well as that art glass value developments has been positive over time but have fluctuated both up and down during the period 1917-2025
Kameraövervakningens dubbelhet : En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av attityder och upplevelser i socialt skilda miljöer
No full text‘Invited participation’, equity and planning : intentions, processes and institutionalization in Sweden and beyond
No full textIt is repeatedly argued that social justice, equity and the interests of the marginalized and disadvantaged, benefit from government-driven ‘invited participation’ in spatial planning. In fact, often equity planning is described as participatory by definition. On the other hand, empirical research has repeatedly demonstrated that participatory governance initiatives may in fact be driven by other motives and has entirely different effects. By specifying four theoretical mechanisms and by arguing that Sweden fulfils crucial structural conditions as a most likely case for participatory governance success, this paper examines the opportunities for more equitable planning through invited participation based on a nationwide survey. The process-oriented analysis demonstrates that the inclusion of marginalized individuals into planning is primarily a strategy for ‘top-down’ implementation of policies already decided on, but also that also such ‘instrumental’ mechanisms suffer from weak and vague participation and obscure links to decision-making. The overall conclusion suggests that invited participation has limited potential to strengthen the interests of marginalized groups. Drawing on these observations, and elaborating on the initial theoretical expectations, an alternative ‘analytic narrative’ on the prospects for participatory governance as a means to promote equity in planning is outlined
Virulence Potential of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated during the Perinatal Period
No full textObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the virulence factors in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) derived from the perinatal fecal colonization flora of mothers and their newborns in a Chinese obstetric ward. Study DesignRectal swabs were obtained from mothers prenatally and from their newborns postnatally, and analyzed for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli. The isolates were then whole-genome sequenced. ResultsMaternal and neonatal colonization by ESBL-producing E. coli in a Chinese obstetric ward was 18% (31/177) and 5% (9/170), respectively. Fecal ESBL-producing isolates exhibited a significantly lower frequency of virulence factors compared with invasive E. coli. ConclusionProviding balanced information on screening results is essential, along with conducting a risk assessment for antibiotic treatment strategies
Ett identitetstecken : En Jämförande Osteologisk Studie av Skallmodifiering i Vikingatida Havor, Gotland, och Hunnerna
No full textThis thesis explores the rare practice of cranial modification in Viking Age Gotland, focusing on the modified skull of the Havor Woman found in the Havor burial site. By comparing this example with similar practices among the Huns, this study investigates the social and cultural implications of cranial modification as a marker of identity and group affiliation. The research highlights Gotland's role in Viking trade networks and explores how cultural exchange, migration, and marriage alliances may have introduced cranial modification to Gotland. While cranial modification was not widespread in Gotland, the case of the Havor Woman suggests external influences, possibly from nomadic groups like the Huns, played a role. The study contributes to the understanding of cultural diffusion, mobility, and social identity in Viking Age Scandinavia.Denna avhandling utforskar den sällsynta praktiken med kranialmodifiering i vikingatida Gotland, med fokus på den modifierade kvinnas skalle funnen på Havor gravfält. Genom att jämföra detta exempel med liknande praktiker hos bland hunnerna undersöker studien de sociala och kulturella aspekterna av kranialmodifiering som en markör för identitet och gruppanknytning. Forskningsresultaten belyser Gotlands roll i vikingatidens handelsnätverk och undersöker hur kulturellt utbyte, migration och äktenskapsallianser kan ha introducerat kranialmodifiering till Gotland. Trots att kranialmodifiering inte var utbredd på Gotland antyder fallet med Havor-kvinnan att externa influenser, möjligen från nomadgrupper som hunnerna, spelade en roll. Studien bidrar till förståelsen av social identitet och mobilitet i vikingatida Skandinavien
Kostnads- och hållbarhetsanalys av åtgärdsmetoder för sanering av petroleumförorenad mark
No full textRuntom i Sverige finns det cirka 85 000 potentiellt eller konstaterat förorenade områden. Däribland områden förorenade av petroleumkolväten som kommer från användning av olika oljeprodukter. För att åtgärda problematiken och bidra till att uppnå det svenska miljömålet ”giftfri miljö” krävs efterbehandling av dessa förorenade områden. Att utföra efterbehandlingar av förorenade områden är dock kostsamt ur både ett ekonomiskt och hållbarhetsperspektiv. Den mest väletablerade åtgärdstekniken för efterbehandling är schaktsanering följt av deponering. En effektiv åtgärdsteknik som på senare tid har ifrågasatts ur framförallt ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. Detta på grund av stora utsläpp av växthusgaser och ingrepp i miljön förknippade med metoden. Istället förespråkas alternativa åtgärdstekniker med in situ-behandling som innebär sanering och riskreduktion av föroreningen utan att jordmassor grävs upp och deponeras. Denna studies syfte var att undersöka och jämföra färdigställda saneringar av petroleumförorenad jord som sanerats genom schaktsanering och sanering in situ ur ett ekonomiskt och hållbarhetsperspektiv. Med en kostnadsanalys och enklare hållbarhetsanalys har slutsatsen kunnat dras att utifrån referensprojekten i denna studie är in situ-sanering den mest kostnadseffektiva och hållbara efterbehandlingen. En djupare analys av in situ-saneringar har också utförts för att undersöka vilka parametrar som har stor inverkan på kostnaden per ton sanerad jord. Av dessa parametrar har iakttagelsen gjorts att det framförallt är vattenhalt och storleksomfattningen av efterbehandlingen som har stor inverkan på kostnaden per ton för sanering av petroleumförorenad jord.In Sweden there are about 85 000 potentially or confirmed contaminated sites. Including areas contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons resulting from the use of various petroleum-based products. In order to remedy the problem and contribute to achieving the Swedish environmental quality objective “a non-toxic environment” remediations of these contaminated sites is required. To undertake remediation is however costly, both from an economic point of view as well as a sustainable point of view. The most established remediation technique is excavation followed by transporting the contaminated soil to a licensed waste disposal facility. An efficient remediation technique which has been questioned in recent times from a sustainable point of view. This is because of the large amount of greenhouse gas emissions and environmental disturbance associated with the technique. Instead, alternative remediation techniques are advocated for using in-situ treatment meaning remediation and risk reduction of contaminated sites without excavating and transporting the contaminated soil. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare completed remediations of petroleum contaminated soil that were carried out through excavation and in-situ remediation, from both an economical and sustainability perspective. Based on a cost analysis and a simplified sustainability assessment, it can be concluded that, according to the reference projects in this study, in-situ remediation is the most cost-effective and sustainable treatment method. A more comprehensive analysis of the reference projects in situ was performed to investigate which parameters had a greater impact on the cost per remediated ton soil. Based on these parameters, it has been observed that water content and the extent of the remediation has a greater impact on the cost per ton for remediation of petroleum contaminated soil
Eye diseases in chronic kidney disease : A nationwide longitudinal case-control study in Sweden.
No full textBACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health issue that is becoming more prevalent globally, increasing financial cost on healthcare systems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of eye diseases in patients diagnosed with CKD in Sweden and to evaluate which eye diseases are most likely to develop. METHODS: A longitudinal population-based retrospective case-control study was conducted including all individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease during the time period 2001-2019. A total of 19 455 cases and 38 890 controls were included. For each case, two controls were matched with the same sex, age, and county of residence. RESULTS: CKD patients had a significantly higher risk of contracting any eye disease compared to individuals without kidney disease HR 1.73 (CI 1.67-1.79), with an elevated risk for all blocks of diagnoses except for glaucoma HR 0.95 (CI 0.85-1.06). However, this condition developed earlier in cases than in controls. Subanalyses showed an increased risk for chronic eye disease patients to develop cataract HR 1.70 (CI 1.63-1.78), other retinal disorders HR 1.86 (CI 1.72-2.02), and retinal vascular occlusions HR 2.08 (CI 1.73-2.51). In general, diagnosis of an eye disease occurred earlier in cases than controls. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study suggest that CKD patients have an increased risk to develop eye disease. Ocular disease seems to develop considerably earlier in CKD, even without staging the severity of the disease, with particularly high risk of developing retinal diseases and cataracts. Screening for eye disease in CKD should be considered
Föräldraskap utanför normen : En diskursanalys av föräldraskap för ensamstående kvinnor vid assisterad befruktning
No full textTrots att det är lagligt för kvinnor att skaffa barn själva och att denna nya familjeformer blir allt vanligare, lever traditionella idéer om hur föräldraskap bör se ut kvar. Denna studie undersöker hur föräldraskapet för ensamstående kvinnor konstrueras i statliga offentliga utredningar, propositioner, lagrådsremisser, motioner och betänkanden som berör assisterad befruktning. Detta görs genom en diskursanalytisk ansats och teori, samt normkritiska perspektiv om familjen och släktskapsteori. Resultatet visar att föräldraskapet för ensamstående kvinnor konstrueras som både avvikande, möjligt och legitimt, där ensamstående kvinnor måste visa på bra villkor och resurser när det kommer till hälsa och sociala nätverk för att kompensera för hennes avsaknad av partner. Studien synliggör också hur konstruktionen av ensamstående kvinnors föräldraskap har genererat en ny form av släktskap, det sociala släktskapet.
En ny politisk normalitet i Azerbajdzjan?
No full textThis article examines Azerbaijan’s escalating repression following its 2023 military success in Nagorno-Karabakh. Despite increased legitimacy, the regime has intensified crackdowns on opposition, media, and civil society. The study argues that repression serves not only to eliminate threats but also to shape norms and signal international independence. By combining authoritarian upgrading with suppression, the regime establishes a new political normal, consolidating its power while disregarding Western pressure.Artikeln undersöker den ökade repressionen i Azerbajdzjan efter landets militära framgång i Nagorno-Karabach 2023. Trots stärkt populäritet har regimen intensifierat förtrycket av oppositionen, oberoende medier och civilsamhället. Studien argumenterar för att statligt förtryck inte enbart syftar till att eliminera hot, utan också formar normer och signalerar internationellt oberoende. Genom en kombination av auktoritär uppgradering och förtryck skapas en ny politisk normalitet där regimen konsoliderar sin makt och ignorerar väster ländska påtryckningar.