Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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An investment as clear as glas? : Art as investmentobject
No full textUppsatsens huvudsyfte är att utreda konstens roll som investering och huruvida konstglas kan fungera i detta syfte. Detta genomförs genom att utforska investeringars funktion, konstmarknaden och glasets värdeutveckling. Frågeställningarna som använts är: · Vilka risker är förknippade med investering i konst jämfört med traditionella investeringar? · Hur har priset på svenskt konstglas utvecklats på andrahandsmarknaden från 1917 till 2025? · I vilken utsträckning kan svenskt konstglas betraktas som ett ekonomiskt investeringsobjekt baserat på avkastning och värdeutveckling? Underlaget som används för att besvara ovanstående frågor är intervjuer med tre olika experter inom glashistoria och auktion. Litteraturen som används har bestått av uppsatser och böcker skrivna inom ekonomi, glashistoria och konsthistoria och prisdatan i uppsatsen grundar sig i uppgifter från auktionskataloger och online auktioner. Uppsatsen kommer fram till att konstglas kan betraktas som ett investeringsobjekt baserat på avkastning och värdeutveckling men att det förekommer unika risker vid investering i konstglas. Och även att konstglasets värdeutvecklingar har varit positiv över tid men har svängt både upp och ned under perioden 1917–2025. The main purpose of this essay is to investigate the role of art as an investment and whether art glass can function for this purpose. This is carried out by exploring the functions of investments, the art market and the value development of glass. The questions used to investigate this are: • What risks are associated with investing in art compared to traditional investments? • How has the price of Swedish art glass developed on the secondary market from 1917 to 2025? • To what extent can Swedish art glass be considered an economic investment object based on return and value development? The basis used to answer the above questions are interviews with three experts in glasshistory and auctions. The literature used consists of essays and books written in economics, glass history and art history and the basis for the price data comes from auction catalogues and online auctions. The conclusion that this essay presents is that art glass can be considered an investment object based on return and value development but that there are unique risks associated with this type of investment as well as that art glass value developments has been positive over time but have fluctuated both up and down during the period 1917-2025
The Contemporary Oppression of Rohingya Muslims : Through the lens of Humanitarian Response
No full textThe complexity of ethnic and religious tensions between Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims has resulted in the marginalization and discrimination of Muslims by both the state authorities and Rakhine Buddhist nationalists. A significant number of Rohingya Muslims have been forced to flee their homes following the coordinated attacks in 2012 and the mass exodus in 2017, continuing to this day. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the contemporary oppression of Rohingya Muslims through the lens of the humanitarian response approach. In addition, postcolonial theory is used to study the scope and causes of the contemporary oppression of the Rohingya. This thesis explores the humanitarian response to the human rights abuses and oppression faced by the Rohingya people. It assesses the reasons behind the lack of sufficient resolutions to the ongoing oppression of the Rohingya. The research question was the following: Why has there been no adequate resolution to the ongoing oppression of Rohingya after the humanitarian organizations responded to the ongoing systemic oppression in contemporary Myanmar? This was done through publicly available reports on Myanmar’s Rohingya minorities, who suffered ever-tightening restrictions on freedom of movement within Myanmar and those living in isolated camps in Bangladesh. The results showed that a number of events and causes contributed to the inadequate humanitarian response in the case of Rohingya Muslims. The main reasons were the systemic denial of citizenship rights to the Rohingya minorities, human rights violations, and severe restrictions on humanitarian access to Myanmar by the government. Given that the increasing human oppression is probably a crime of genocide, the Rohingya crisis consequently calls for immediate international humanitarian response and sanctions
Gröna investeringar - en tjejgrej? : En studie om den politiska jämställdhetens roll i sambandet mellan utländska direktinvesteringar och CO2-utsläpp i låg- och lägre medelinkomstländer
No full textDenna uppsats undersöker hur politisk jämställdhet påverkar sambandet mellan utländska direktinvesteringar (FDI) och koldioxidutsläpp i låg- och lägre medelinkomstländer. Studien bygger på paneldata för 67 länder under perioden 2005–2023. Två indikatorer på politisk jämställdhet används: andelen kvinnor i parlamentet samt Women’s Political Empowerment Index (WPEI), ett mått på kvinnors institutionella möjligheter till inflytande i politiskt beslutsfattande. Analysen bygger på fixed effects-regressioner, interaktionstermer, Likelihood Ratio-tester samt kompletterande robusthetsanalyser. Resultaten visar ett positivt och statistiskt signifikant samband mellan FDI och utsläpp, vilket ger stöd för Pollution Haven Hypothesis. Däremot finner studien inget robust statistiskt stöd för att graden av politisk jämställdhet har en inverkan på detta samband. Viss variation i marginaleffekter antyder dock att effekten av FDI kan skilja sig beroende på jämställdhetsnivå. Sammantaget tyder resultaten på att politisk jämställdhet i låginkomstkontexter kan ha ett begränsat inflytande på miljörelaterad policy, vilket kan innebära konsekvenser för både utvecklings- och klimatpolitik.This thesis investigates how political gender equality influences the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and carbon dioxide emissions in low- and lower-middle-income countries. The analysis is based on panel data for 67 countries over the period 2005–2023. Two indicators of political gender equality are used: the proportion of women in national parliaments and the Women’s Political Empowerment Index (WPEI), which reflects women's institutional opportunities to exert influence in political decision-making. The empirical strategy is based on fixed effects regressions, interaction terms, Likelihood Ratio tests, and supplementary robustness checks. The results show a positive and statistically significant relationship between FDI and CO2 emissions, lending support to the Pollution Haven Hypothesis. However, the study finds no robust statistical evidence that political gender equality moderates this relationship. Some variation in marginal effects suggests that the impact of FDI may differ depending on the level of gender equality. Overall, the findings indicate that political gender equality in low-income contexts may have limited influence on environmental policymaking, with implications for both development and climate policy
Once upon a time in the Motherland : Imagining Community and Belonging: National Narratives in Israeli and Palestinian Children’s Literature
No full textThis thesis explores the narration of the nation, nationalism, and belonging in children´s books, illustrating an Israeli versus a Palestinian diasporic perspective. The study derives from previous literature on the interrelation between the nation, political, and emotional narrations in children´s books, addressing a gap in research on how symbols and the narration of an imagined community are depicted in Israeli and Palestinian children´s books. The study is based on three Israeli and three Palestinian children´s books, laying the foundation for the qualitative research on multimodal discourse analysis. The research findings outline a recurring use of political, nationalistic, emotional, historical, religious, and naturalistic symbols in the narration of the nation. It further illustrates a combination of more implicit symbols with more explicit statements in constructing a community and narrations of belonging. The study highlights the political aspects of children's literature, contributing to a broader understanding of how “innocent stories” could act as tools for ideological or implicit statements, as children's literature fosters a new generation of citizens.
Hur havsbaserade vindkraftsparker påverkar vågor
No full textThe rapid expansion of offshore wind farms as a renewable energy source requires a deeper understanding of their broader environmental impacts, particularly on ocean wave conditions. While considerable research has focused on wind farm wakes and their effects on atmospheric flow, there is a significant gap in knowledge regarding how these wakes influence the ocean’s wave field. This study investigates the impact of wind farm-induced wakes on ocean surface gravity wave characteristics, using the planned Aurora offshore wind farm by OX2 in the Baltic Sea as a case study. The primary objectives are to simulate the wind wakes generated by the Aurora wind farm and their effects on significant wave height (Hs), mean wave period (Tm) and direction and in the wave spectra, quantifying in this way the extent to which the wind farm alters local wave conditions. To achieve these objectives, the Weather Research andForecasting (WRF) model v4.5.1, incorporating the Fitch wind farm parameterization, was employed to simulate atmospheric conditions over a diurnal cycle. Two simulations were conducted: a control scenario without the wind farm and a wind farm scenario including the Aurora wind farm’s characteristics. The wind fields from the WRF simulations served as input for the WaveWatch III (WW3) model v6.7.1 to simulate corresponding wave fields. Results indicate significant wind speed reductions in the wakeof the wind farm, with deficits reaching up to 3 m/s directly downwind and noticeable effects extending up to 80 km. These wind speed reductions led to notable decreases in significant wave height. In the region immediately behind the wind farm, Hs reductions of up to 21% were observed, with a mean daily reduction of 12.54%. The effect was diminished but still noticeable several kilometers downwind,with a decrease of up to 5.85% and a mean reduction of 2.63% of Hs 80 km downwind. Changes in mean wave period and direction were minimal, indicating that the primary impact is on wave amplitude. These results show that offshore wind farms can significantly impact ocean wave characteristics, which may lead to broader environmental implications. Therefore, it is important that further research explores these interactions in more detail, especially over the long term, to better understand the full extent of these effects
Looping Disruption : A Relational Mechanism Enhancing Treatment Readiness among Individuals Convicted of Sexual Offending?
No full textMany convicted individuals do not enter or complete treatment programs in prisons, which limits effective rehabilitation and prevention of recidivism. Treatment readiness is suggested to be an important construct when addressing this problem. Nevertheless, the underlying processes (e.g., how readiness factors interact) are not well studied, and even less is known regarding readiness in the sub-population of individuals convicted of sexual offenses. This paper aims to open up the “black box” and explore psychosocial and context-specific processes behind treatment readiness from the vantage point of the individuals’ lived experiences. In-depth interviews were conducted with 19 adult men convicted of sexual offenses in Swedish prisons, treatment participants (N = 13) as well as non-participants (N = 6). The thematic analysis illustrates readiness obstacles in terms of unintended antagonistic forces in the correctional system operating in the opposite direction of rehabilitative objectives. Nonetheless, a hypothesized relational mechanism, looping disruption, initiated by a non-punitive and supportive response (from prison staff, therapists, close ones, or inmates) to the convicted individual’s negative behaviors or emotions, appeared to reverse such negative, punitive loops, contributing to the mobilization of treatment readiness. Implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed
Revisiting the Third Formant: Computational Analysis of Vocal Tract Constrictions Using Tube Models and Neural Networks
No full textThis thesis explores the acoustic behavior of the human vocal tract by modeling it as a sequence of connected cylindrical tube segments. The study focuses on how changes in tube configurations affect formant frequencies, especially the third formant (F3), which often relates to articulatory features like lip rounding and rhoticity.The research generates a large dataset of synthetic tube vocal tract shapes. Each tube segment has two parameters: length and cross-sectional area. A circuit theory–based algorithm is used to calculate the formant frequencies for each tube configuration. The analysis then applies supervised machine learning models to identify patterns between tube shapes and F3 variation.The results indicate that constricting certain parts of the vocal tract - especially in the front-to-mid regions - can affect F3 noticeably. This study discovers that constricting the pharynx cavity has a huge impact on F3 as well.These shifts suggest that F3 is sensitive to various regions of the vocal tract. The study offers a physically grounded view of speech acoustics and informs future work in acoustic theory, articulatory phonology, and speech technology
Vad säger ett svärd? : En användningsanalys studie på svärdanvändning under den yngre bronsåldern.
No full textCombat, warfare and conflict have in recent times become a big focus within the study of the Bronze Age yet within Scandinavia this research has primarily been focused on the early periods of the age with comparably little having been written on the Late Bronze Age. This thesis will examine fifteen swords from the period of both local and imported designs from a use-based perspective highlighting regionality, the diversity of useability’s within the different weapon types and the adoption of “foreign” arms. To do this the thesis utilises the developing method of metalwork wear analysis in order to more intimately understand how the swords of the Late Bronze Age’s have been used.Stridskonst, krigföring och konflikt har på senare tid blivit ett stort fokus inom studien av bronsåldern men inom Skandinavien har denna forskning främst varit inriktad på de tidiga perioderna av åldern. Jämförelsevis lite har skrivits om den yngre bronsåldern. Detta examensarbete kommer att undersöka femton svärd från perioden med både lokala och importerade svärdstyper utifrån ett användningsbaserat perspektiv som lyfter fram regionalitet, mångfalden av användbarhet inom de olika vapentyperna och adoptionen av "främmande" vapen. För att göra detta använder avhandlingen den utvecklande metoden metalwork wear analysis för att mer ingående förstå hur den yngre bronsålderns svärd har använts
Automated and Intelligible Oral Cancer Detection by Positive Unlabeled Learning
No full textOral cancer diagnosis is currently laborious and expensive, but if an attainable method for screening were developed, it could save lives. This project continues previous work on computer-assisted cytological oral cancer detection by formulating the problem of learning a cell-level classifier as a semi-supervised positive unlabeled learning problem and thereafter aggregating patient-level predictions. The positive unlabeled (PU) learning setting is suitable for the oral cancer detection problem due to the absence of reliable cell-level labels. PU-learning requires two datasets, and these are constructed by using the healthy patients’ guaranteed benign cells as a labeled positive dataset and cells from cancer patients as an unlabeled dataset. Two positive unlabeled learning methods, variational positive unlabeled learning (VPU) and predictive adversarial learning (PAN), are tested on a synthetic dataset and compared with supervised learning, providing an upper bound and a single instance learning (SIL) method previously demonstrating good performance. VPU successfully separates the bags in the synthetic dataset while PAN does not. Both PU-learning methods have difficulties with low witness rates, and so does the single instance learning model. These results highlight the challenge posed by the greatly imbalanced data and the need to adapt existing PU-learning methods to fit cases with larger amounts of labeled data and small amounts of negative data in the unlabeled dataset. The best performing PU-learning method, VPU, is also tested and evaluated on an oral cancer dataset. This more complex problem further showcases the drawbacks of the positive unlabeled learning methods and how important tailoring of the methods is. SIL is the superior method for identifying cancer-patient slides in the oral cancer data, while VPU does not generate a clear separation between slides from healthy patients and cancer patients. Moreover, VPU predicts more cells in all slides to be malignant compared to SIL. Overall, on more challenging problems, SIL shows to be the best-performing method